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wiki/entities/systemd.md
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title: "systemd"
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type: entity
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tags: [linux, init-system, service-manager]
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date: 2026-04-16
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---
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## Definition
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systemd 是 Linux 系统的初始化(init)系统和服务管理器,作为系统的第一个进程(PID 1)运行,负责管理系统服务和socket。
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## Role
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- 系统和服务管理器
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- 提供服务启动、停止、重启功能
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- 实现 Socket Activation 和其他激活机制
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## Key Properties
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- PID 1(系统首个进程)
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- 单元文件驱动(.service, .socket, .target)
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- journald 日志系统
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- cgroups 资源管理
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## Key Commands
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```bash
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systemctl start/stop/restart/status <service> # 服务管理
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systemctl enable/disable <service> # 开机自启管理
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systemctl list-units # 查看单元状态
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```
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## Connections
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- [[systemd]] ← manages ← [[OpenSSH]]
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- [[systemd]] ← implements ← [[Socket Activation]]
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- [[Ubuntu]] ← ships_with ← [[systemd]]
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