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---
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title: "Attachment Theory"
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type: concept
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tags: [developmental-psychology, relationships, attachment]
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sources: []
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last_updated: 2026-04-20
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---
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# Attachment Theory
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## Aliases
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- 依恋理论
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- 依恋风格
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- Attachment Style
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## Summary
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John Bowlby 提出的发展心理学理论,描述亲子间的情感纽带如何影响个体的成人关系模式。Mary Ainsworth 通过陌生情境实验识别出三种幼儿依恋类型,后扩展为四种成人依恋风格。
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## Core Concepts
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### 依恋风格分类
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- **安全型(Secure)**:信任他人,舒适亲密关系,能依赖也能独立
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- **焦虑-先占型(Anxious-Preoccupied)**:过度依赖,害怕被抛弃,高度情绪化
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- **回避-忽视型(Dismissive-Avoidant)**:情感隔离,贬低亲密价值,强调独立
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- **恐惧-回避型(Fearful-Avoidant)**:既渴望又恐惧亲密,关系中犹豫不决
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### 核心机制
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- 内在运作模型(Internal Working Model):基于早期经历形成的自我和他人的心理表征
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- 依恋对象的可及性(Attachment Figure's Accessibility)
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## Applications
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- [[Academic Psychologist Agent]] 分析浪漫、家庭、友谊关系动态
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- 识别角色触发点和冲突升级模式
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- 设计可信的角色发展弧线
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## Cultural Considerations
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- 依恋理论源于西方个体主义语境
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- 集体主义文化中"健康"依恋模式可能呈现不同表现
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## Connections
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- [[Academic Psychologist Agent]] ← 分析框架 ← [[依恋理论]]
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- [[Big Five Personality Framework]] ← 互补框架 ← [[依恋理论]]
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- [[John Bowlby]] ← 理论创始人 ← [[依恋理论]]
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