Update nexus wiki content
This commit is contained in:
37
wiki/concepts/TransferPricing.md
Normal file
37
wiki/concepts/TransferPricing.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: "Transfer Pricing"
|
||||
type: concept
|
||||
tags: ["tax", "international-tax", "compliance", "finance"]
|
||||
last_updated: 2026-05-02
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Definition
|
||||
|
||||
转让定价(Transfer Pricing)是指关联方之间进行商品、服务或无形资产交易时确定价格的方法和原则。各国税务机关要求关联方交易价格必须符合**独立交易原则(Arm's Length Principle)**,即交易条件应与独立第三方之间的可比交易一致。
|
||||
|
||||
## Core Components
|
||||
|
||||
- **独立交易原则(Arm's Length Principle, ALP)**:关联方交易价格必须与可比独立交易相当
|
||||
- **基准研究(Benchmarking Study)**:通过可比公司或可比交易确定价格区间
|
||||
- **预约定价协议(Advance Pricing Agreement, APA)**:与税务机关事先约定的定价方法,具有确定性
|
||||
- **成本分摊协议(Cost Sharing Arrangement, CSA)**:子公司间分担研发成本并共享收益的安排
|
||||
|
||||
## Key Methods
|
||||
|
||||
| 方法 | 适用场景 |
|
||||
|------|----------|
|
||||
| 可比不受控价格法(CUP) | 商品贸易 |
|
||||
| 转售价格法(RPM) | 分销商场景 |
|
||||
| 成本加成法(Cost Plus) | 制造商/服务商 |
|
||||
| 利润分割法(PSM) | 高度整合业务 |
|
||||
| 交易净利润法(TNMM) | 无形资产交易 |
|
||||
|
||||
## Sources
|
||||
|
||||
- [[finance-tax-strategist]]
|
||||
|
||||
## Related Concepts
|
||||
|
||||
- [[EffectiveTaxRate]]
|
||||
- [[GILTI]]
|
||||
- [[BEPS]]
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user