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wiki/concepts/CI-CD-Pipeline.md

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+# CI/CD Pipeline
+
+## Definition
+CI/CD (Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery/Deployment) pipelines automate the process of building, testing, and deploying software changes.
+
+## Components
+
+### Continuous Integration (CI)
+- Automated builds on code commits
+- Automated testing (unit, integration, e2e)
+- Code quality checks and linting
+- Artifact generation
+
+### Continuous Delivery (CD)
+- Automated deployment to staging environments
+- Manual approval gates for production
+- Configuration management
+
+### Continuous Deployment
+- Fully automated deployment to production
+- Feature flags for gradual rollout
+- Automated rollback capabilities
+
+## Tools
+- **CI/CD Platforms**: Jenkins, GitLab CI, GitHub Actions, CircleCI, ArgoCD
+- **Build Tools**: Maven, Gradle, npm, Docker
+- **Testing**: JUnit, PyTest, Selenium, Playwright
+
+## Best Practices
+1. Keep the pipeline fast (under 10 minutes)
+2. Fail fast — run fastest tests first
+3. Use meaningful commit messages and branch names
+4. Implement proper caching strategies
+5. Store build artifacts securely
+6. Enable parallel test execution
+
+## CI/CD Pipeline Across DevOps Maturity Levels
+
+| Maturity | Pipeline Maturity |
+|----------|------------------|
+| Phase 1 | No CI/CD — manual builds, manual testing, milestone-based releases |
+| Phase 2 | Basic version control, some automation for risk reduction, unit/integration/E2E tests |
+| Phase 3 | Automated infrastructure provisioning, security scans in CI, more frequent deployments |
+| Phase 4 | Continuous integration pipeline, immutable infrastructure managed through pipelines, performance testing |
+| Phase 5 | Zero human intervention, real-time data-driven decisions, multiple daily deployments |
+
+## Sources
+- [[sources/cloud-devop-maturity-guideline.md]]
+- [[sources/devops-maturity-model-from-traditional-it-to-advanced-devops.md]]
+
+## Related Concepts
+- [[concepts/DevOps-Maturity]]
+- [[concepts/Infrastructure-as-Code]]
+- [[concepts/DevSecOps]]
+- [[concepts/Continuous-Integration]]
+- [[concepts/Continuous-Deployment]]
+- [[concepts/Change-Failure-Rate]]
+
+## Ingested
+- Date: 2026-04-21
+- Date: 2026-04-24 (updated with maturity level progression)