ingest: support-analytics-reporter.md
- Source page: Analytics Reporter Agent Personality - Concepts: RFM-Analysis, Marketing-Attribution - Updated: index.md (entry fix), overview.md (Support dept), log.md
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---
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title: "RFM Analysis"
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type: concept
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tags: []
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sources: [support-analytics-reporter]
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last_updated: 2026-04-21
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---
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## Aliases
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- RFM Segmentation
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- Recency, Frequency, Monetary Analysis
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- 客户价值分层分析
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## Definition
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RFM Analysis 是一种三维客户价值分层方法,通过最近购买时间(Recency)、购买频率(Frequency)、消费金额(Monetary)三个维度对客户进行分群,从而识别高价值客户、流失风险客户和潜力客户,为精准营销和客户运营提供数据支撑。
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## Core Metrics
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| 维度 | 定义 | 计算方式 |
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|------|------|----------|
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| Recency | 最近一次购买距今天数 | `当前日期 - 最近购买日期`(越小越好) |
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| Frequency | 购买总次数 | `COUNT(order_id)`(越大越好) |
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| Monetary | 累计消费金额 | `SUM(revenue)`(越大越好) |
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## Scoring Method
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每个维度按分位数(通常5分位)打分:
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- R_Score:最近购买时间越近,分数越高(1-5分,5=最近)
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- F_Score:购买频率越高,分数越高(1-5分,5=最频繁)
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- M_Score:消费金额越高,分数越高(1-5分,5=最高金额)
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组合 R+F+M 得 RFM Score(如 `555`、`311`)。
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## Customer Segments
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| RFM Score | 客户类型 | 策略建议 |
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|-----------|---------|---------|
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| 555/554/544/545/454/455/445 | Champions(冠军客户) | 奖励忠诚度,邀请推荐,升级销售高端产品 |
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| 543/444/435/355/354/345/344/335 | Loyal Customers(忠诚客户) | 培养关系,推荐新品,忠诚度计划 |
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| 553/551/552/541/542/533/532/531/452/451 | Potential Loyalists(潜力忠诚者) | 入会欢迎,早期参与,产品教育 |
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| 512/511/422/421/412/411/311 | New Customers(新客户) | 入职优化,早期参与 |
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| 155/154/144/214/215/115/114 | At Risk(流失风险客户) | 重新参与活动,特殊优惠,赢回策略 |
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| 其他 | Others(一般客户) | 常规触达,持续观察 |
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## Implementation
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```python
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import pandas as pd
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import numpy as np
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def rfm_analysis(df, current_date=None):
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"""RFM Analysis implementation"""
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if current_date is None:
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current_date = df['date'].max()
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rfm = df.groupby('customer_id').agg({
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'date': lambda x: (current_date - x.max()).days, # Recency
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'order_id': 'count', # Frequency
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'revenue': 'sum' # Monetary
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}).rename(columns={
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'date': 'recency',
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'order_id': 'frequency',
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'revenue': 'monetary'
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})
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# Create quintile scores (1-5)
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rfm['r_score'] = pd.qcut(rfm['recency'], 5, labels=[5,4,3,2,1], duplicates='drop')
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rfm['f_score'] = pd.qcut(rfm['frequency'].rank(method='first'), 5, labels=[1,2,3,4,5], duplicates='drop')
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rfm['m_score'] = pd.qcut(rfm['monetary'], 5, labels=[1,2,3,4,5], duplicates='drop')
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rfm['rfm_score'] = rfm['r_score'].astype(str) + rfm['f_score'].astype(str) + rfm['m_score'].astype(str)
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return rfm
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```
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## Connections
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- [[support-analytics-reporter]] — 使用 RFM 进行客户价值分层分析
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- [[Customer-Segmentation]] — RFM 是客户细分的核心方法之一
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- [[Business-Intelligence]] — 属 BI 领域的客户分析子方向
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