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wiki/concepts/Prometheus.md
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wiki/concepts/Prometheus.md
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title: "Prometheus"
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type: concept
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tags: [monitoring, prometheus, time-series, devops]
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sources: [家庭监控方案-prometheus-grafana-node-exporter-cadvisor-blackbox]
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last_updated: 2026-04-16
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---
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## Definition
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Prometheus 是开源的时序数据库和监控系统,采用拉取(Pull)模式采集指标,支持 PromQL 查询语言和告警规则引擎。
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## Key Features
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- **拉取模式**:主动从 exporters 拉取指标数据
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- **PromQL**:强大的时序数据查询语言
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- **告警规则**:支持定义告警条件和阈值
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- **多数据源**:可对接多种 exporters(node_exporter、cAdvisor、blackbox_exporter)
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- **服务发现**:支持动态服务发现(Kubernetes、Consul 等)
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## Architecture
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- **Prometheus Server**:采集、存储时序数据
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- **Exporters**:指标采集器(node_exporter、cAdvisor、blackbox_exporter)
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- **Alertmanager**:告警分发和处理
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- **Pushgateway**:支持推送模式的网关(用于短期任务)
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## Common Metrics Types
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- Counter:递增计数器
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- Gauge:当前值(可增可减)
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- Histogram:直方图分布
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- Summary:分位数统计
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## Connections
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- [[Prometheus]] → scrapes → [[node_exporter]]
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- [[Prometheus]] → scrapes → [[cAdvisor]]
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- [[Prometheus]] → scrapes → [[Blackbox_exporter]]
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- [[Prometheus]] → sends_alerts → [[Alertmanager]]
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- [[Prometheus]] ← visualized_by → [[Grafana]]
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- [[Prometheus]] ← core_component → [[监控可观测性]]
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