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wiki/concepts/CAPA.md
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title: "CAPA"
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type: concept
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tags: [Incident-Management, Post-mortem, Root-Cause, Preventive-Action]
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last_updated: 2026-04-14
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---
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## Definition
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CAPA (Corrective and Preventive Action,纠正和预防措施) 是 Emergency Change 事后必须执行的流程,用于从事故中提取根本原因并预防同类问题再次发生。CAPA 通常与 Post-mortem 回顾结合使用。
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## Components
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### Corrective Action(纠正措施)
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- 修复当前事故的直接措施
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- 目标是恢复服务到期望状态
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- 通常在 Emergency Change 执行阶段完成
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### Preventive Action(预防措施)
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- 防止同类问题再次发生的长期措施
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- 目标是消除根本原因
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- 通常在 Post-mortem 分析后制定
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## Relationship with Emergency Change
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CAPA 是 Emergency Change 流程的关键组成部分:
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```
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Incident 发生
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↓
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Emergency Change 执行(Corrective Action)
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↓
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CAPA/Post-mortem 分析
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↓
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制定 Preventive Action
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↓
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可能转化为 Standard Change(避免未来同类事件)
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```
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## Process
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1. **Incident Review**:回顾事故经过
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2. **Root Cause Analysis**:识别根本原因
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3. **Corrective Action**:执行即时修复
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4. **Preventive Action**:制定长期预防措施
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5. **Follow-up**:跟踪措施执行情况
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6. **Closure**:完成 CAPA 记录
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## Sources
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- [[ctp-topic-30-managing-change]]
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