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---
title: "CAPA"
type: concept
tags: [Incident-Management, Post-mortem, Root-Cause, Preventive-Action]
last_updated: 2026-04-14
---
## Definition
CAPA (Corrective and Preventive Action纠正和预防措施) 是 Emergency Change 事后必须执行的流程用于从事故中提取根本原因并预防同类问题再次发生。CAPA 通常与 Post-mortem 回顾结合使用。
## Components
### Corrective Action纠正措施
- 修复当前事故的直接措施
- 目标是恢复服务到期望状态
- 通常在 Emergency Change 执行阶段完成
### Preventive Action预防措施
- 防止同类问题再次发生的长期措施
- 目标是消除根本原因
- 通常在 Post-mortem 分析后制定
## Relationship with Emergency Change
CAPA 是 Emergency Change 流程的关键组成部分:
```
Incident 发生
Emergency Change 执行Corrective Action
CAPA/Post-mortem 分析
制定 Preventive Action
可能转化为 Standard Change避免未来同类事件
```
## Process
1. **Incident Review**:回顾事故经过
2. **Root Cause Analysis**:识别根本原因
3. **Corrective Action**:执行即时修复
4. **Preventive Action**:制定长期预防措施
5. **Follow-up**:跟踪措施执行情况
6. **Closure**:完成 CAPA 记录
## Sources
- [[ctp-topic-30-managing-change]]