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---
title: "EOQ经济订货量"
type: concept
tags: [supply-chain, inventory-management]
---
## Definition
EOQEconomic Order Quantity经济订货量是通过公式计算的最优订货量平衡订货成本和库存持有成本。
## Formula
```
EOQ = √(2DS/H)
其中:
D = 年需求量Annual demand quantity
S = 每次订货成本Cost per order
H = 单位持有成本Holding cost rate × unit price
```
## Example
- 年需求量 D = 10,000 件
- 订货成本 S = ¥500/次
- 单价 ¥100持有成本率 20%
- H = ¥100 × 20% = ¥20
```
EOQ = √(2 × 10000 × 500 / 20) = √500,000 = 707 件
```
## Related Concepts
- **ROPReorder Point再订货点**ROP = 日均需求 × 交期天数 + 安全库存
- **安全库存Safety Stock**SS = Z × σdLT防止缺货的缓冲库存
## Connections
- [[Supply Chain Strategist]] ← uses ← [[EOQ经济订货量]]
- [[库存管理策略]] — EOQ 是库存管理策略的核心计算工具