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---
title: "Koppen Climate Classification"
type: concept
tags: [geography, climate, classification]
last_updated: 2026-04-20
---
## Definition
柯本气候分类法Koppen Climate Classification是一种基于植物分布和温度降水模式的气候分类系统由俄罗斯气候学家弗拉基米尔·柯本于 1884 年创立,是物理地理学的基础工具。
## Classification System
### Main Climate Groups
- **A**: Tropical热带气候
- **B**: Dry干旱气候
- **C**: Temperate温带气候
- **D**: Continental大陆性气候
- **E**: Polar极地气候
### Secondary Divisions
- f: Moist湿润
- m: Monsoon季风
- w: Dry winter冬干
- s: Dry summer夏干
- g: G来型Gust来型
- etc.
### Common Examples
- **Af**: Tropical rainforest热带雨林
- **Am**: Tropical monsoon热带季风
- **Aw/As**: Tropical savanna热带稀树草原
- **BWh**: Hot desert炎热沙漠
- **BWk**: Cold desert寒冷沙漠
- **Cfa**: Humid subtropical湿润亚热带
- **Cfb**: Oceanic海洋性气候
- **Cwa**: Monsoon humid subtropical季风亚热带
- **Dfa/Dfb**: Hot/Cold continental夏季炎热/寒冷大陆性)
## Application in Worldbuilding
### Rules for [[Geographic Coherence]]
1. Climate zone must match latitude气候带必须匹配纬度
- Tropical (A) typically within ±23.5° of equator
- Temperate (C) typically 30°-50° latitude
- Continental (D) typically 40°-60° latitude
- Polar (E) above 60° latitude
2. Altitude affects classification海拔影响分类
- Higher elevation can create cooler microclimates
- Mountain regions may have vertical climate zones
3. Rain shadows exist雨影效应存在
- Mountain ranges block moisture
- Leeward sides are typically drier
## Related Concepts
- [[Geographic Coherence]]: Framework for validating world geography
- [[Biome]]: Vegetation type consistent with climate
- [[Hydrology]]: Water flow patterns in geographic systems
## Source
- Primary source: [[raw/Agent/agency-agents/academic/academic-geographer.md]]