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wiki/concepts/Social-Identity-Theory.md
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---
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title: "Social Identity Theory"
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type: concept
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tags: [social-psychology, group-psychology, tajfel]
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sources: []
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last_updated: 2026-04-20
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---
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# Social Identity Theory
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## Aliases
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- 社会认同理论
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- Social Identity Approach
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- SIT
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## Summary
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Henri Tajfel 和 John Turner 提出的社会心理学理论,解释个体如何通过群体成员身份形成自我概念,以及群体间偏见和歧视的心理根源。
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## Core Concepts
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### 社会认同(Social Identity)
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个体自我概念的一部分,来源于群体成员身份:
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- **内群体(In-group)**:个体所属并产生认同感的群体
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- **外群体(Out-group)**:被感知为与内群体不同或对立的群体
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### 心理机制
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- **社会分类(Social Categorization)**:将世界分为群体类别
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- **社会认同(Social Identification)**:接受群体规范并内化为自我概念
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- **社会比较(Social Comparison)**:通过与外群体比较提升自尊
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### 内群体偏差(In-Group Bias)
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- 给予内群体成员更多资源或正面评价
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- 倾向于以负面方式描述外群体
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### 现实冲突理论(Realistic Conflict Theory)**
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群体间偏见的另一机制:当群体间存在真实资源竞争时,偏见加剧。
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## Applications
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- [[Academic Psychologist Agent]] 理解群体动力学
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- 分析群体情境中的角色行为
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- 评估群体对个体决策的影响
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## Connections
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- [[Academic Psychologist Agent]] ← 分析框架 ← [[Social Identity Theory]]
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- [[Henri Tajfel]] ← 创始人 ← [[Social Identity Theory]]
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- [[Groupthink]] ← 相关概念 ← [[Social Identity Theory]]
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