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# SAST (Static Application Security Testing)
## Definition
SAST tools analyze an application's source code to identify security vulnerabilities without executing the code. They excel at spotting common issues such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and buffer overflows.
## Aliases
- Static Application Security Testing
- White-box testing
- Static analysis
## Characteristics
- **无需运行代码**:在静态状态下分析源代码
- **白盒测试**:能看到代码内部结构
- **开发阶段适用**:在编码和代码审查时使用
- **速度快**:可以快速扫描大量代码
## Common Vulnerabilities Detected
- SQL 注入SQL Injection
- 跨站脚本XSS, Cross-Site Scripting
- 缓冲区溢出Buffer Overflow
- 硬编码凭证Hardcoded Credentials
- 不安全的加密使用
- 路径遍历Path Traversal
## Tools
- [[SonarQube]] — 代码质量和安全分析
- Checkmarx
- Veracode
- Fortify
- Semgrep
## Integration
SAST 工具通常集成到:
- IDE 开发环境
- CI/CD 构建管道
- 代码审查流程
## Limitations
- 可能产生误报False Positives
- 无法检测运行时问题
- 需要源代码访问权限
- 不检测配置问题
## Related Concepts
- [[DevSecOps]] — SAST 是其重要组件
- [[DAST]] — 动态应用安全测试(黑盒测试)
- [[IAST]] — 交互式应用安全测试
- [[SCA]] — 软件组成分析
- [[Shift-Left-Security]] — SAST 是左移策略的重要工具
## Sources
- [[what-is-devsecops-best-practices-benefits-and-tools]]