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# Vulnerability Scanning
## Definition
Vulnerability scanning is the automated process of identifying and cataloging security weaknesses in systems, networks, or applications.
## Concept
漏洞扫描是自动识别和分类系统、网络或应用程序安全弱点的过程。
## Types
### Network Vulnerability Scanning
- 扫描网络设备和配置
- 识别开放端口和服务
- 检测配置弱点
### Web Application Scanning
- 检测 Web 应用漏洞
- 爬取和测试所有页面
- 测试 API 端点
### Container Image Scanning
- 检查镜像中的漏洞
- 分析操作系统包
- 检测应用依赖
### Database Scanning
- 配置审计
- 弱密码检测
- 权限检查
## Tools
- Nessus — 综合漏洞扫描器
- OpenVAS — 开源漏洞扫描
- Qualys — 云端漏洞管理
- Trivy — 容器镜像扫描
- Clair — 容器漏洞分析
## Integration with DevSecOps
### CI/CD Pipeline
```yaml
# 示例Trivy 容器扫描
security_scan:
stage: security
script:
- trivy image myapp:latest
allow_failure: true
```
### Shift-Left Application
- 早期发现漏洞
- 集成到 IDE
- 开发时实时检查
### Shift-Right Application
- 持续监控生产环境
- 定期扫描
- 自动化补丁管理
## Related Concepts
- [[DevSecOps]] — 漏洞扫描是持续安全的重要组成
- [[SAST]] — 代码级漏洞检测
- [[DAST]] — 动态漏洞检测
- [[SCA]] — 依赖漏洞检测
- [[Shift-Left-Security]] — 早期发现
- [[Shift-Right-Security]] — 持续监控
## Sources
- [[what-is-devsecops-best-practices-benefits-and-tools]]