---
title: "物件描述框架"
type: concept
tags: [prompt, image-generation, nano-banana, structure]
---

# 物件描述框架（Object Description Framework）

Nano Banana 提示词框架中用于描述物品的结构化字段体系，与人物描述框架共用同一结构，区别在 subject 字段内容。

## 字段定义

```json
{
  "shot": "",           // 镜头类型和构图
  "subject": {
    "item": "",          // 物品名称
    "materials": "",     // 材质
    "details": "",       // 细节描述
    "condition": ""      // 状态（全新/破损等）
  },
  "environment": "",     // 环境背景
  "lighting": "",       // 光照设置
  "camera": {
    "focal_length": "",  // 焦距
    "aperture": "",      // 光圈
    "angle": ""          // 角度
  },
  "color_grade": "",     // 色彩风格
  "style": "",           // 整体风格
  "quality": "",         // 质量要求
  "negatives": ""        // 负向提示词
}
```

## 与人物描述框架的对比

| 字段 | 物件框架 | 人物框架 |
|------|----------|----------|
| subject.item | 物品名称 | - |
| subject.age | - | 年龄 |
| subject.materials | 材质 | - |
| subject.appearance | - | 外貌 |
| subject.details | 细节 | - |
| subject.pose | - | 姿态 |
| subject.condition | 状态 | - |

核心结构一致，subject 字段内容因描述对象而异。

## 关键能力

### 负向提示词（Negatives）
控制生成质量，明确排除不需要的特征：
```json
"negatives": "no scratches, no dust, no logos or brand names, no human hands, blurry watch face, unrealistic lighting."
```

### 运镜控制（Camera）
实现电影级构图：
- focal_length：焦距（100mm macro look = 微距效果）
- aperture：光圈（f/8 = 整体清晰）
- angle：角度（45 度俯拍 = 产品摄影标准角度）

## 实践示例

手表产品摄影：
```json
{
  "shot": "Macro close-up shot, square aspect ratio (1:1), centered composition.",
  "subject": {
    "item": "A luxury men's chronograph watch.",
    "materials": "Polished stainless steel case, sapphire crystal glass, black ceramic bezel with a tachymeter scale, leather strap with fine stitching.",
    "details": "White dial with three sub-dials, glowing lume on hands and hour markers, intricate gears of the movement visible through a transparent caseback.",
    "condition": "Pristine, brand new, no dust or fingerprints."
  },
  "environment": "The watch is resting on a dark, textured slab of slate rock. The background is a simple, dark, out-of-focus gradient.",
  "lighting": "Studio softbox lighting. A key light from the top-left creates clean, sharp reflections on the steel. A soft fill light from the right reveals details in the shadows. A subtle rim light separates the watch from the dark background.",
  "camera": {
    "focal_length": "100mm macro lens look",
    "aperture": "f/8 (to keep the entire watch face in focus)",
    "angle": "Shot from a 45-degree angle above the watch."
  },
  "color_grade": "High contrast, clean and commercial look. Slightly desaturated to emphasize the metallic and monochrome textures. High clarity and sharpness.",
  "style": "Hyper-realistic CGI render, commercial product photography, luxury and precision.",
  "quality": "8K resolution, perfect material shaders, flawless reflections, extreme detail on the dial and gears.",
  "negatives": "no scratches, no dust, no logos or brand names, no human hands, blurry watch face, unrealistic lighting."
}
```

## 相关概念

- [[Nano Banana]]：物件描述框架的上一层框架
- [[人物描述框架]]：物件描述框架的姐妹框架
- [[AI生图]]：物件描述框架的应用领域
- [[负向提示词]]：质量控制的关键字段