--- title: "Prometheus" type: concept tags: [monitoring, prometheus, time-series, devops] sources: [家庭监控方案-prometheus-grafana-node-exporter-cadvisor-blackbox] last_updated: 2026-04-16 --- ## Definition Prometheus 是开源的时序数据库和监控系统,采用拉取(Pull)模式采集指标,支持 PromQL 查询语言和告警规则引擎。 ## Key Features - **拉取模式**:主动从 exporters 拉取指标数据 - **PromQL**:强大的时序数据查询语言 - **告警规则**:支持定义告警条件和阈值 - **多数据源**:可对接多种 exporters(node_exporter、cAdvisor、blackbox_exporter) - **服务发现**:支持动态服务发现(Kubernetes、Consul 等) ## Architecture - **Prometheus Server**:采集、存储时序数据 - **Exporters**:指标采集器(node_exporter、cAdvisor、blackbox_exporter) - **Alertmanager**:告警分发和处理 - **Pushgateway**:支持推送模式的网关(用于短期任务) ## Common Metrics Types - Counter:递增计数器 - Gauge:当前值(可增可减) - Histogram:直方图分布 - Summary:分位数统计 ## Connections - [[Prometheus]] → scrapes → [[node_exporter]] - [[Prometheus]] → scrapes → [[cAdvisor]] - [[Prometheus]] → scrapes → [[Blackbox_exporter]] - [[Prometheus]] → sends_alerts → [[Alertmanager]] - [[Prometheus]] ← visualized_by → [[Grafana]] - [[Prometheus]] ← core_component → [[监控可观测性]]