---
title: "RESTful API设计"
type: concept
tags: [api, rest, django-rest-framework]
sources: [tiktok-pm-python-django-project.md]
last_updated: 2026-04-14
---

## Definition
RESTful API是一种基于HTTP协议的API设计风格，使用URL表示资源，使用HTTP方法表示操作。

## Implementation in TikTok PM

### ViewSet
使用Django REST Framework的ModelViewSet自动生成CRUD路由：
```python
class ProductViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Product.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ProductSerializer
```

### Router
使用DefaultRouter自动生成路由：
```python
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'products', views.ProductViewSet)
```

### Serializers
序列化器将Django模型转换为JSON：
```python
class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    images = ProductImageSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
    class Meta:
        model = Product
        exclude = ['raw_json', 'input']
```

### Filtering
启用django-filter进行多条件过滤：
```python
filter_backends = [DjangoFilterBackend, filters.SearchFilter]
filterset_fields = ['available', 'category', 'seller_id', 'final_price']
```

### API Routes
- GET /api/products/：查询所有产品
- GET /api/products/?search=关键词：关键词搜索
- GET /api/products/?category=服饰&In_stock=true：多条件过滤
- POST /api/products/：创建产品

## Connections
- [[RESTful API设计]] ← uses ← [[Django]]
- [[RESTful API设计]] ← integrated_with ← [[Django Admin定制]]
- [[RESTful API设计]] ← consumed_by ← [[n8n]]