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.w-richtext > :not(div):first-child, .w-richtext > div:first-child > :first-child {
margin-top: 0 !important;
}
/* Get rid of bottom margin on last element in any rich text element */
.w-richtext>:last-child, .w-richtext ol li:last-child, .w-richtext ul li:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}
/* Create a class of .div-square which maintains a 1:1 dimension of a div */
.div-square::after {
content: "";
display: block;
padding-bottom: 100%;
}
/* Make sure containers never lose their center alignment */
.container-medium,.container-small, .container-large, .container-huge {
margin-right: auto !important;
margin-left: auto !important;
}
/*
Make the following elements inherit typography styles from the parent and not have hardcoded values.
Important: You will not be able to style for example "All Links" in Designer with this CSS applied.
Uncomment this CSS to use it in the project. Leave this message for future hand-off.
*/
/*
a,
.w-input,
.w-select,
.w-tab-link,
.w-nav-link,
.w-dropdown-btn,
.w-dropdown-toggle,
.w-dropdown-link {
color: inherit;
text-decoration: inherit;
font-size: inherit;
}
*/
/* Apply "..." after 3 lines of text */
.ts-3lines {
display: -webkit-box;
overflow: hidden;
-webkit-line-clamp: 3;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
}
/* Apply "..." after 2 lines of text */
.ts-2lines {
display: -webkit-box;
overflow: hidden;
-webkit-line-clamp: 2;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
}
/* Apply "..." after 1 lines of text */
.ts-1line {
display: -webkit-box;
overflow: hidden;
-webkit-line-clamp: 1;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
}
/* Adds inline flex display */
.display-inlineflex {
display: inline-flex;
}
/* These classes are never overwritten */
.hide {
display: none !important;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 991px),
@media screen and (max-width: 767px),
@media screen and (max-width: 479px){
.hide, .hide-tablet{
display: none !important;
}
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px)
.hide-mobile-landscape{
display: none !important;
}
}
@media screen and (max-width: 479px)
.hide-mobile{
display: none !important;
}
}
/* Removes native scrollbar */
.no-scrollbar,
[data-scrollbar="none"] {
-ms-overflow-style: none; /* For Internet Explorer and Edge */
overflow: -moz-scrollbars-none; /* For Firefox */
}
.no-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar,
[data-scrollbar="none"]::-webkit-scrollbar {
display: none; /* For Chrome, Safari, and Opera */
}
[x-clip] {
overflow-x: clip;
}
body.popup-open {
overflow: hidden;
padding-right: var(--scrollbar-width);
}
.sr-only {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
padding: 0;
margin: -1px;
overflow: hidden;
clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
white-space: nowrap;
border: 0;
}
.mktoCaptchaDisclaimer {
color: #666;
}
</style></div><div class="project-styles w-embed"><style>
.button:hover .button-arrow {
transform: translateX(2px);
}
.btn-contrast .btn-icon {
filter: invert(6%) sepia(12%) saturate(420%) hue-rotate(200deg) brightness(20%) contrast(110%);
}
.btn-sm .btn-icon {
width: 1.25rem;
height: 1.25rem;
}
.swiper-arrow.swiper-button-disabled {
pointer-events: none;
color: var(--_tokens---button--secondary-disabled);
border-color: var(--_tokens---button--secondary-disabled);
}
.contact_rte ul > li:before,
.tabs_rte ul > li:before,
.main_rte ul > li:before,
.main_rte-p2 ul > li:before {
content: '';
height: 1.25rem;
width: 1.25rem;
min-width: 1.25rem;
margin-top: 0.125rem;
display: block;
position: absolute;
left: -2rem;
background: url('https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/6965dcada9cbb61894fcd729_check-circle-secondary.svg') center no-repeat;
background-size: contain;
}
.contact_rte p:has(+ ul),
.contact_rte p:has(+ ol) {
margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
}
.white_rte ul > li:before,
.article_white_rte ul > li:before {
content: '';
height: 1.5rem;
width: 1.5rem;
min-width: 1.5rem;
margin-top: 0.125rem;
display: block;
background: url('https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/69611147c4643f011be05298_check-circle.svg') center no-repeat;
background-size: contain;
}
.global_section:has(.global_frame) {
padding: 0 var(--_spacing---padding--side-20);
}
.global_section:has(.global_frame-no-border) {
padding-left: var(--_spacing---padding--side-20);
padding-right: var(--_spacing---padding--side-20);
}
.story_bg-wr {
overflow-x: clip;
}
.side_layout:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.product_swiper-tab-bullet .product_tab_logo {
opacity: 0.4;
}
.product_swiper-tab-bullet.is-active .product_tab_logo {
opacity: 0.7;
}
@media (min-width: 480px) {
.product_tab-link_logo {
display: none;
}
}
.logo-ribbon-wr {
-webkit-mask: linear-gradient(90deg, #00000000 0%, #000000 10% 90%, #00000000 100%);
mask: linear-gradient(90deg, #00000000 0%, #000000 10% 90%, #00000000 100%);
}
#popup-content .wistia_embed {
width: 100% !important;
aspect-ratio: 16/9 !important;
}
.story_img-wr .ts-cap {
margin: 0 auto;
max-width: 90%;
text-align: center;
}
.cms_share-link.is-copied .is-url {
opacity: 0;
}
.cms_share-link.is-copied .is-url-check {
opacity: 1;
}
</style></div><div class="w-embed"><style>
.logo-ribbon-wr.is-investor .logo-ribbon_row-wr {
opacity: 1;
}
/* Logo Ribbon Animation */
@keyframes scroll {
from {
transform: translateX(0);
}
to {
transform: translateX(calc(-100% - 6.25rem));
}
}
.logo-ribbon_row-wr {
animation: scroll 35s linear infinite;
}
/* Mobile Styles */
@media (max-width: 767px) { /* Adjust the max-width as needed */
@keyframes scroll {
from {
transform: translateX(0);
}
to {
transform: translateX(calc(-100% - 3.5rem));
}
}
.logo-ribbon_row-wr {
animation: scroll 30s linear infinite;
}
}
</style></div></div><div data-banner="show" class="nav__banner"><div class="top-banner_code w-embed w-script"><script>
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
const banner = document.querySelector('.nav__banner');
const closeButton = document.getElementById('banner-close');
// 👀 Check if banner should be shown based on attribute
const bannerState = banner?.getAttribute('data-banner');
if (bannerState === 'hide') {
banner?.classList.remove('show');
return; // skip all logic
}
const lastShown = localStorage.getItem('bannerLastShown');
const now = new Date();
let shouldShow = true;
if (lastShown) {
const lastShownDate = new Date(lastShown);
const diffDays = Math.floor((now - lastShownDate) / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24));
if (diffDays <= 7) {
shouldShow = false;
}
}
const bannerClosed = localStorage.getItem('bannerClosed');
if (bannerClosed === 'true') {
shouldShow = false;
}
if (shouldShow) {
banner?.classList.add('show');
}
closeButton?.addEventListener('click', function () {
banner?.classList.remove('show');
localStorage.setItem('bannerClosed', 'true');
localStorage.setItem('bannerLastShown', now.toISOString());
});
});
</script></div><div id="banner-close" class="nav-banner__close-button"><div class="nav-banner__close-button__image w-embed"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M6.4 19L5 17.6L10.6 12L5 6.4L6.4 5L12 10.6L17.6 5L19 6.4L13.4 12L19 17.6L17.6 19L12 13.4L6.4 19Z" fill="currentcolor"/>
</svg></div></div><div href="#" class="nav-banner__content__wrapper"><div class="nav-banner__content"><div class="banner_label">New</div><p id="nav-banner-text" class="nav-banner-text">A note from our new CEO Moritz Plassnig</p><a data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a856:065b8505-25cf-4b0e-3cb3-92c9f08f6f13" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="065b8505-25cf-4b0e-3cb3-92c9f08f6f13" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%22065b8505-25cf-4b0e-3cb3-92c9f08f6f09%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a856%22%7D%5D" href="https://www.cloudbees.com/blog/introducing-moritz-plassnig-cloudbees-ceo/" class="btn is-text-sm is-nav-banner w-inline-block"><div>Read the announcement</div><div class="icon-regular w-embed"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M13.5137 6.46826C13.8078 6.17663 14.2825 6.17816 14.5742 6.47217L19.5322 11.4722C19.8219 11.7646 19.8221 12.2365 19.5322 12.5288L14.5742 17.5288C14.2826 17.8225 13.8077 17.824 13.5137 17.5327C13.2198 17.2411 13.2175 16.7663 13.5088 16.4722L17.2002 12.7505H5C4.58595 12.7505 4.25026 12.4145 4.25 12.0005C4.25 11.5863 4.58579 11.2505 5 11.2505H17.2002L13.5088 7.52881C13.2173 7.2348 13.2199 6.75994 13.5137 6.46826Z" fill="currentcolor"/>
</svg></div></a></div></div></div><div class="header-wr"><div class="nav-styles w-embed"><style>
.header.scroll .header__bg {
opacity: 1;
}
.nav__dd-trigger.w--open .nav__dd_arrow {
transform: rotateZ(180deg);
}
.nav__dd_menu-wr .nav__dd_group:last-child {
border-right: none;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 1280px) {
.nav__menu-list:has(.nav__dd-trigger[dd="small"].w--open) {
position: relative;
}
.nav__menu-list:not(:has(.nav__dd-trigger[dd="small"].w--open)) {
position: static;
}
.nav__dd-trigger[dd="small"] + .nav__dd-content {
top: 28px;
}
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
.btn-nav .btn-text {
font-size: var(--_typography---size--p3);
line-height: var(--_typography---height--p3);
}
</style></div><header id="header" class="header"><div class="header__container"><a aria-label="Go to Home page" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3e" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3e" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%5D" href="/" class="header__brand w-inline-block"><img loading="eager" src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696254cf9924a1df0698d83e_Brand%20Logo.svg" alt="CloudBees Logo" class="company-logo_img"/></a><div class="nav__layout"><nav class="nav__menu-list"><div class="mobile_header"><a aria-label="Go to Home page" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b43" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b43" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%5D" href="/" class="header__brand w-inline-block"><img loading="eager" src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696254cf9924a1df0698d83e_Brand%20Logo.svg" alt="CloudBees Logo" class="company-logo_img"/></a><div class="mobile_header-btn-wr"><div class="header__buttons-wr"><a data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b47" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b47" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%5D" href="https://www.cloudbees.com/contact-us" class="btn-nav btn-primary w-inline-block"><div class="btn-text">Book a demo</div></a></div><a data-w-id="82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b4c" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b4c" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b4c" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%5D" href="#" class="nav__menu-button w-inline-block"><div class="nav__menu-icon is-cross w-embed"><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M14.4697 4.46985C14.7626 4.17696 15.2374 4.17696 15.5303 4.46985C15.8231 4.76275 15.8231 5.23754 15.5303 5.5304L11.0605 10.0001L15.5303 14.4698C15.8231 14.7628 15.8231 15.2375 15.5303 15.5304C15.2374 15.8233 14.7626 15.8232 14.4697 15.5304L10 11.0607L5.53027 15.5304C5.23742 15.8233 4.76263 15.8232 4.46973 15.5304C4.17683 15.2375 4.17683 14.7627 4.46973 14.4698L8.93945 10.0001L4.46973 5.5304C4.17683 5.2375 4.17683 4.76274 4.46973 4.46985C4.76262 4.17696 5.23738 4.17696 5.53027 4.46985L10 8.93958L14.4697 4.46985Z" fill="white"/>
</svg></div></a></div></div><ul data-scrollbar="none" role="list" class="nav__menu"><li class="nav__list-item"><div data-delay="0" data-hover="false" class="nav__dd w-dropdown"><div dd="small" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b51" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b51" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd-trigger w-dropdown-toggle"><div>Product</div><div class="nav__dd_arrow w-embed"><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
<path d="M14.4697 6.96985C14.7626 6.67696 15.2374 6.67696 15.5303 6.96985C15.8231 7.26275 15.8231 7.73754 15.5303 8.0304L10.5303 13.0304C10.2374 13.3233 9.76263 13.3232 9.46973 13.0304L4.46973 8.0304C4.17683 7.7375 4.17683 7.26274 4.46973 6.96985C4.76262 6.67696 5.23738 6.67696 5.53027 6.96985L10 11.4396L14.4697 6.96985Z" fill="white" fill-opacity="0.5"/>
</svg></div></div><nav class="nav__dd-content w-dropdown-list"><div class="nav__dd_menu-wr is-small"><div id="w-node-f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1be-35f2a1bd" class="nav__dd_group is-link"><a data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56:f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bf" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bf" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%22f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bd%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56%22%7D%5D" href="/unify" class="nav__dd_featured-link w-inline-block"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/6984deccc2defde3d4f42ad0_f2942b06ac3aa33a70161ed027fdea6b_Unify-Overview-nav-feature.avif" loading="eager" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/6984deccc2defde3d4f42ad0_f2942b06ac3aa33a70161ed027fdea6b_Unify-Overview-nav-feature-p-500.avif 500w, https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/6984deccc2defde3d4f42ad0_f2942b06ac3aa33a70161ed027fdea6b_Unify-Overview-nav-feature.avif 744w" alt="CloudBees Unify Analytics screen." class="nav__dd_featured-img"/><div class="nav__dd_featured_text-group"><div class="nav__dd_featured_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">CloudBees Unify Overview</div></div><p class="nav__dd_link-desc">CloudBees Unify gives enterprises one shared language across the SDLC.</p><div class="btn is-text-sm"><div>Explore</div><div class="icon-regular w-embed"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M13.5137 6.46826C13.8078 6.17663 14.2825 6.17816 14.5742 6.47217L19.5322 11.4722C19.8219 11.7646 19.8221 12.2365 19.5322 12.5288L14.5742 17.5288C14.2826 17.8225 13.8077 17.824 13.5137 17.5327C13.2198 17.2411 13.2175 16.7663 13.5088 16.4722L17.2002 12.7505H5C4.58595 12.7505 4.25026 12.4145 4.25 12.0005C4.25 11.5863 4.58579 11.2505 5 11.2505H17.2002L13.5088 7.52881C13.2173 7.2348 13.2199 6.75994 13.5137 6.46826Z" fill="currentcolor"/>
</svg></div></div></div></a></div><div class="nav__dd_group is-small"><ul role="list" class="nav__dd_links_list is-1col is-first"><li><a href="/capabilities/ci-cd-workflows" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56:f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1cd" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1cd" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%22f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bd%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0976938a76b54533480c_cd57991f6dbd9328eda91ca192bfeea3_workflow.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">CI/CD</div><p class="nav__dd_link-desc">Streamline CI/CD workflows for faster innovation and reliable deployments</p></div></a></li><li><a href="/capabilities/compliance" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56:f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1d6" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1d6" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%22f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bd%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0c88dd3eb1f35371ef1f_28cb23b26a1cbf8530073bffa6ab8f59_shield-check.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Security and Compliance</div><p class="nav__dd_link-desc">Continuous security and compliance assessment with control insights</p></div></a></li><li><a href="/capabilities/feature-management" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56:f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1df" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1df" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%22f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bd%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a09758beb7f5fc8c2d179_6cd04eba7a6b0b34a9e98db62bd08f7e_flag.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Feature Management</div><p class="nav__dd_link-desc">Control feature rollouts with flags for safer, faster releases and testing</p></div></a></li></ul></div><div class="nav__dd_group is-small"><ul role="list" class="nav__dd_links_list is-1col"><li><a href="/capabilities/cloudbees-smart-tests" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56:f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1ea" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1ea" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%22f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bd%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0975c1d9a5fab249c9b2_563273da20b713605c4625ca0ba0cc09_flask-conical.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Smart Tests</div><p class="nav__dd_link-desc">AI-driven test intelligence that delivers developer feedback 80% faster</p></div></a></li><li><a href="/capabilities/release-orchestration" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56:f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1f3" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1f3" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%22f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bd%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0976e9236cb5e93c4c16_17a9899912c5755e26e2d7362c206518_waypoints.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Release Orchestration</div><p class="nav__dd_link-desc">Orchestrate complex releases with DevOps ecosystem visibility</p></div></a></li><li><a href="/capabilities/analytics" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56:f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1fc" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1fc" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%22f74b5068-adc7-1a9c-53c4-9f2f35f2a1bd%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b56%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0975b85d7acb849512d2_f7d862b2e5c030eb99eac717ed65ff00_chart-column.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Analytics</div><p class="nav__dd_link-desc">Single source of truth for software delivery insights and metrics</p></div></a></li></ul></div></div></nav></div></li><li class="nav__list-item"><div data-delay="0" data-hover="false" class="nav__dd w-dropdown"><div dd="small" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b59" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b59" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd-trigger w-dropdown-toggle"><div>Solutions</div><div class="nav__dd_arrow w-embed"><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
<path d="M14.4697 6.96985C14.7626 6.67696 15.2374 6.67696 15.5303 6.96985C15.8231 7.26275 15.8231 7.73754 15.5303 8.0304L10.5303 13.0304C10.2374 13.3233 9.76263 13.3232 9.46973 13.0304L4.46973 8.0304C4.17683 7.7375 4.17683 7.26274 4.46973 6.96985C4.76262 6.67696 5.23738 6.67696 5.53027 6.96985L10 11.4396L14.4697 6.96985Z" fill="white" fill-opacity="0.5"/>
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src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a097657c04ac5445ae13b_1e2655369bf05b4c399a533ce3eb3a04_server-cog.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">AI-Powered CI</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/use-case/agentic-devops" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e:44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd96" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd96" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2244a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd86%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a097521987fff4d2849a2_3470f8c00f2f5ea8f1e1e7d1d8e380c5_bot.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Governed AI software delivery</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/use-case/orchestration-and-governance" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e:44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd9f" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd9f" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2244a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd86%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0976c8ea52b40d7228ae_d14f4e4bd20ee92db2d44d35057f898e_network.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Multi-tool release orchestration</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/use-case/security-and-compliance" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e:44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bda8" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bda8" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2244a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd86%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a097552e78c474078eae9_2e34c7f0d98b1272a44c7002b60ff4e4_brick-wall-shield.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Continuous Security and Compliance</div></div></a></li></ul></div><div id="w-node-_44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdb0-77d1bd86" class="nav__dd_group is-wide"><div class="nav__dd_group_title-wr"><p class="nav__dd_group-title">Industries</p></div><ul role="list" class="nav__dd_links_list is-2col"><li><a href="/industries/automotive" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e:44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdb6" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdb6" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2244a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd86%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0975d02ebe816d59a6a2_f2a2a13a1181cd590a39ba6b764ec8be_car.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Automotive</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/industries/government" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e:44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdbf" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdbf" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2244a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd86%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a09758c5181fd620d8cc0_e1e65c44301b4f93edb9c5043193d1a9_landmark.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Government</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/industries/financial-services" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e:44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdc8" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdc8" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2244a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd86%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a097527b3e2ada1f3b27d_9b267388f792400b2c9cf3fe8e57dc75_banknote.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Financial Services</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/industries/insurance" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e:44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdd1" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdd1" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b3a%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857%22%7D%2C%7B%22componentId%22%3A%2244a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bd86%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%2282ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e%22%7D%5D" class="nav__dd_link w-inline-block"><div class="nav__dd_link-icon"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0976b084ff39f338a53a_07417b9c5387fb085880b29a50c1441d_umbrella.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="nav__dd_link-ic"/></div><div class="nav__dd_link_text-wr"><div class="nav__dd_link-title">Insurance</div></div></a></li><li><a href="/industries/retail" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a857:82ab6d2f-ec31-6cad-cafc-b3b1e8663b5e:44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdda" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="44a36620-13c5-fbfe-5a1a-6f9877d1bdda" 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</style></div></div><main x-clip="" class="main-wrapper"><section class="global_section btm-20"><div class="global_frame bg-alfa"><div class="global_container"><div class="blog_heading-wr"><p class="ts-overline">How-tos and Support</p><h1 data-w-id="e08e7190-573b-1ed5-0f56-04bb938f6aff" class="ts-h3 ts-wrap-balance">Why Having a Feature Flag Microservice Is a Bad Idea</h1><div data-w-id="0199c7fc-edc8-ee9f-99d2-5aa4a810855d" class="blog_hero_info-row"><p class="ts-p2"><span id="result" class="read-time">15</span> minutes to read</p></div></div></div></div><div class="section_bg"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696bc00bb646a7a2194a1211_541c0df5f2322e6e94744318be17d15b_bg%20gradient.avif" loading="lazy" alt="" class="section_bg_blur"/></div></section><section x-clip="" class="global_section is-detail-white z-index-1"><div class="global_container"><div class="article_layout"><aside data-toc="" aria-labelledby="toc-heading" class="article_right-wr"><div class="blog_aside-wr"><div class="article_details"><div class="ts-overline in-details">Written by</div><div class="blog_author-wr in-details"><p class="ts-p2 in-details">Erik Francis</p></div><div class="spacer is-8"></div><div class="ts-overline in-details">Published on</div><p class="ts-p2 in-details">July 17, 2018</p></div><div class="toc_wrapper"><h2 id="toc-heading" class="ts-overline tc-inverted-secondary">Table of contents</h2><nav data-toc-scroll="" aria-label="Page sections" class="toc_nav"><ul data-offset="6rem" data-toc-list="" role="list" class="toc_list"><li data-toc-template="" class="toc_li"><a data-wf-native-id-path="7b3ff569-4297-ec03-dc41-01c5b57e6fba" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="7b3ff569-4297-ec03-dc41-01c5b57e6fba" href="#" class="toc_link w-inline-block"><span data-toc-label="">Introduction</span></a></li></ul></nav></div><div class="blog_share-wr"><h2 id="toc-heading" class="ts-overline tc-inverted-secondary">Share</h2><div class="share-row"><a title="Copy URL" aria-label="Copy URL" data-wf-native-id-path="7b3ff569-4297-ec03-dc41-01c5b57e6fbe" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="7b3ff569-4297-ec03-dc41-01c5b57e6fbe" href="#" class="cms_share-link is-inverted w-inline-block"><div class="icon-medium is-url w-embed"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
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</div></a></div></div></div></aside><article class="article_content-wr"><div id="content" data-content="" class="article_rte w-richtext"><p>Perhaps you have built a tight <a href="https://rollout.io/resource/using-feature-flags/" data-wf-native-id-path="8648ca92-344c-2880-5e90-680feca2a545" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="8648ca92-344c-2880-5e90-680feca2a545">feature flag package</a> that you can deploy. It has a Slick REST API in a microservice where you can query a flag saying, &quot;Are you on?&quot; It seems easy for other services to talk to this service. Perhaps it seems way better than that ad hoc approach you were taking a few months ago. It might be that you haven&#x27;t built anything yet, but you know that an ad hoc approach won&#x27;t work. Your properties file is sprawling with <a href="/topics/feature-flags" data-wf-native-id-path="f879e272-edc5-b772-2fb2-83a16227b32e" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f879e272-edc5-b772-2fb2-83a16227b32e">feature flags</a>, many of which need to be removed. Perhaps someone said (or wrote), &quot;We should probably make this into a microservice to keep the logic isolated.&quot; This sounded intriguing, so you did some research. And you landed here. I am here to warn you: don&#x27;t turn your feature flags into a microservice. It will be unhealthy for your team. (If you have already gone ahead and done this, don&#x27;t panic! I&#x27;ll cover what to do later on in this post.)</p><h2>What Microservices Were Meant to Be</h2><p>Why shouldn&#x27;t feature flags be in their own microservice? Aren&#x27;t microservices meant to modularize the code? As is often the curse of good ideas that get spread throughout an industry, we may have lost some of the original intent behind microservices. So before we go any further, let&#x27;s take some time to review that intent. One of the lead proponents of microservices, Sam Newman, has talked about some <a href="https://samnewman.io/talks/principles-of-microservices/" data-wf-native-id-path="ac2adfa4-962f-5bbb-6fbc-239a8430d80c" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="ac2adfa4-962f-5bbb-6fbc-239a8430d80c">principles of microservices.</a> Martin Fowler and James Lewis, leaders in microservice implementation, <a href="https://www.martinfowler.com/microservices/" data-wf-native-id-path="9057a87b-7b29-3ec0-01e3-47a77d7e01f4" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="9057a87b-7b29-3ec0-01e3-47a77d7e01f4">have a guide to microservices.</a> I encourage you to read these articles for more information, but to save time, I&#x27;ve used them to compile a list of traits that make up a healthy microservice.</p><h3>Microservices Are Built Around Business Capabilities</h3><p>A good microservice is domain-centric. This means it is centered around something the business needs to get done. For example, if you are building a warehouse system, then it may make sense to separate shipping, fulfillment, and product functionality into microservices.</p><h3>Microservices Are Autonomous</h3><p>A healthy microservice should be able to operate for the most part without relying on any out-of-band communication. Microservices should have a small set of problems to solve and be responsible for handling all aspects of those problems, including the data, business logic, and sometimes even UI logic. The more out-of-band communication a microservice has to do, the more it has to deal with latency and network failures.</p><h3>Microservices Hide Implementation Details</h3><p>One of the main purposes of modularizing a system is to hide the stuff that is unimportant to the business processes. This has been a common idea since the early days of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulation_(computer_programming)" data-wf-native-id-path="3ac317ab-de0b-83d3-36c9-b892dfe71f58" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="3ac317ab-de0b-83d3-36c9-b892dfe71f58">object orientation</a>. Microservices are no different. We want them focused on what business problems they solve, not how they solve them.</p><h3>Microservices Isolate Failures</h3><p>When something fails in a microservice, the rest of the system should not fail along with it. For example, if I am on Amazon&#x27;s website and I am looking at a product, it doesn&#x27;t make sense to throw an error if the product recommendations service is down. I still want to see information about the product. Instead, a simple &quot;recommendations not available&quot; should suffice so that I can refresh the page or look up the recommendations at a later date.</p><h2>Why Feature Flag Microservices Don&#x27;t Work</h2><p>Now that we have an idea of what makes a healthy microservice, let&#x27;s examine how they work with feature flags. Specifically: why are feature flags an unhealthy focus for microservices?</p><h3>Feature Flags Are Cross-Cutting Concerns</h3><p>Feature flags don&#x27;t constitute a business capability unless they&#x27;re your main business, like with <a href="https://rollout.io/" data-wf-native-id-path="db0483d4-bbc5-8c3d-2f7f-8f832e781453" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="db0483d4-bbc5-8c3d-2f7f-8f832e781453">rollout.io</a>. They are a cross-cutting concern, like security, logging, etc. Feature flags don&#x27;t care what business problems you are trying to solve; they are concerned with functions that can be used across multiple business capabilities. This goes against the above principle that we should center microservices around business capabilities.</p><h3>There Is High Coupling Between Feature Flags and Their Consumers</h3><p>A feature flag microservice may be autonomous in that it does not need much more than a database to run and give &quot;enabled/disabled&quot; responses. However, every time a consuming microservice needs to know if a feature should run, it has to talk to the feature flag service. This creates a really tight coupling between these two. These consuming services would not be autonomous, which goes against the ideal conditions for a microservice. Additionally, what happens when you check your feature flags service for a toggle and the service is down? Or it gives you an unauthorized exception due to the wrong credentials being configured? What do you do? Do you have some policy that defaults it to &quot;disabled?&quot; Do you retry? Without quite a bit of extra effort, the fact that you have a runtime dependency on this microservice means your consuming service is at risk of failure. This breaks the principle of isolated failures.</p><h3>Feature Flags Are an Implementation Detail</h3><p>Microservices that use feature flags use them at a low level in the code, beneath their APIs. Therefore, feature flags are an implementation detail. We should be hiding this detail in the bowels of the application. Instead, by having a feature flag microservice, we are calling out very openly to our feature flag service.</p><h2>A History Lesson in SOA</h2><p>If we structure our cross-cutting concerns (like feature flags) as microservices, we may doom ourselves to repeat the mistakes of the past. We will wind up with a highly coupled web of services that will be hard to maintain. We tried this once before, with service-oriented architecture. A concept emerged in the early 2000s called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-oriented_architecture" data-wf-native-id-path="e60e66b3-4ea7-1a03-53c1-66b086c8b65b" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="e60e66b3-4ea7-1a03-53c1-66b086c8b65b">service-oriented architecture</a>, or SOA, which devs touted as being the <a href="https://www.networkworld.com/article/2308447/software/the-future-is-service-oriented-architecture.html" data-wf-native-id-path="f0ccf9c6-58f5-6109-0186-8cd6502a938c" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="f0ccf9c6-58f5-6109-0186-8cd6502a938c">end to the problems associated with complex systems</a>. At its core, SOA is the idea that distributing complex systems among different teams and creating strong boundaries will reduce costs across the organization. In such a scenario, applications would be easier to enhance and maintain. But for the most part, <a href="https://www.infoq.com/news/2008/07/Only1" data-wf-native-id-path="4bced128-c527-0cdb-5717-edb64ffca155" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="4bced128-c527-0cdb-5717-edb64ffca155">this ended in failure</a>. There were many reasons for this failure, but a big one was how SOA systems communicated. When you look at the average SOA diagram, you saw a layered set of independently run services. They try to communicate with each other all the way down to the database. This layering created numerous problems. Latency was massive, causing users to abandon websites. The applications were wrought with failures from all the network calls between these layers. If one service went down, all the downstream services would not work. Different teams would mismatch contracts with each other because they were not communicating effectively.</p><h3>What Can We Learn From the Past?</h3><p>Imagine if your microservices needed to communicate via the network to many of your cross-cutting concerns. You would have a synchronous logging microservice that you would need to call for every log message. There would be a security microservice you would call for every request. You would have a metrics service for every latency value you wanted to record. Your latency would be outrageous, and the goal of high uptime would be out of reach.</p><h2>A Better Alternative to Feature Flag Microservices</h2><p>Instead, most of these cross-cutting concerns are handled by using logic inside libraries and plugging them into your system, even if they eventually report out to an external persistence store. You do the same with feature flags: put the logic into a library. That way, you get the bulk of your logic running locally and without risk of failure. You still get modularization by making only a few classes or interfaces in your library public. Or you could use a <a href="https://support.rollout.io/docs/microservices-automated-testing-and-local-development" data-wf-native-id-path="0def2e03-2ad9-4f19-6678-8174b912db42" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="0def2e03-2ad9-4f19-6678-8174b912db42">third-party solution</a> that has already done this work for you.</p><h2>Replacing Your Feature Flag Microservice</h2><p>If you&#x27;ve already built a feature flag microservice, don&#x27;t worry: you can fix this. You can refactor, incrementally and safely, away from a microservice and into a library. I will quickly cover a strategy to do that. Following good <a href="https://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html" data-wf-native-id-path="c3c66d27-93f7-7cdd-b1fa-90e2a5abbe51" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="c3c66d27-93f7-7cdd-b1fa-90e2a5abbe51">refactoring guidelines</a>, you can replace your microservice without spending weeks of risky changes to your system. Check out the steps listed below.</p><h3>Take These Steps</h3><ol role="list"><li>Choose a consuming microservice to be an early adopter. If you have many microservices that use your feature flags service, choose one of them to be the guinea pig. Depending on how much your team is worried about risk, you may want to choose an out-of-the-way service that will not change much.</li><li>Wrap calls to the feature flag service with an SDK. Your team may have already done this. If so, then we can move to the next step.</li><li>Extract this SDK to a separate library. We need to eventually share this SDK across all consuming services; it is the foundation of your new feature flag library.</li><li>Extract a core module out of your feature flag microservice. Ensure your API controllers have little logic in them by extracting out the use cases into a core module that is web independent. You may have already done this, as it is often a healthy practice.</li><li>In your SDK, extract the network calls once more into a set of methods matching your core methods. This will prepare you to shim in your core code underneath your SDK.</li><li>Normalize your core methods and your network calls into two implementations of one interface. Now you can safely swap out the network calls in your consuming service with in-process library calls.</li><li>Swap out the network call implementation with the core implementation. Now your service has no dependency on the old microservice!</li><li>Repeat step 2 for all microservices, using the core implementation. Now all microservices can be changed at your convenience.</li></ol><p>Yes, there are a lot of steps, but don&#x27;t get overwhelmed. The point I&#x27;m trying to make is that you can move incrementally and safely to a library, at the right pace for your team, instead of needing one &quot;big bang&quot; approach.</p><h2>Libraries: Ibuprofen for Your Feature Flags</h2><p>Eliminate your feature flag infrastructure as a maintenance headache. Spend that time thinking more deeply about business problems. That is where the money lies. When you see a feature flag microservice, an email microservice, or something similar, refactor it away. If you hear a team member suggest it as an idea, respectfully inform them of the pitfalls. Modularize your cross-cutting concerns with libraries instead of services.</p></div><template id="code-template" class="code-template"><div class="code-block"><div class="code-header"><div class="code-lang-wr"><div class="code_icon w-embed"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</style></div><div class="global_frame"><div class="global_container"><div class="side_layout full-height"><div class="newsletter_text-wr"><div class="newsletter_icon-wr"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696a0976869064c0e6744f8c_3c5a6dc0f9fc9395357b740b417f062d_newspaper.svg" alt="" class="icon-large"/></div><div class="contact_rte w-richtext"><h2>Newsletter</h2><p>Get updates about our latest releases, events, <br/>and more</p></div></div><div class="contact_form-wr is-newsletter"><div class="mkto-form-wrapper w-embed w-script"><script>
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<form id="mktoForm_1037"></form>
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MktoForms2.loadForm("//build.cloudbees.com", "333-QPV-725", 1037, function(form) {
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requestAnimationFrame(() => {
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</script></div><div class="mkto-loader"></div><div class="mkto-success-state"><img src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/69611147c4643f011be05298_a5735dcd1c3684f9c2dbd36324db6f68_check-circle.svg" loading="lazy" alt="" class="icon-large"/><div class="mkto-success_text-wr"><p class="ts-h6">Subscription confirmed</p><p class="ts-p2">You&#x27;ll now receive our latest news, releases, and event updates by email.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="frame_bg"><div class="frame_bg_gradient is-contact"></div></div></div></section></main><footer class="footer"><div class="padding-global"><div class="container-large"><div class="f_top-group"><div class="f_top-left-group"><a href="/" title="CloudBees Homepage" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a859:6712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe38f6" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="6712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe38f6" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%226712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe38f1%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a859%22%7D%5D" class="f_brand w-inline-block"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/695e1939655d6c0175b126da/696254cf9924a1df0698d83e_Brand%20Logo.svg" alt=""/></a><div class="f_social-links"><a aria-label="Visit CloudBees on Facebook" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a859:6712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe38fc" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="6712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe38fc" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%226712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe38f1%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a859%22%7D%5D" href="https://www.facebook.com/CloudBees/" target="_blank" class="f_social_link w-inline-block"><div class="icon-medium w-embed"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
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data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%226712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe38f1%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a859%22%7D%5D" class="f_link">Feature Management</a></li><li class="f_link-item"><a href="/capabilities/cloudbees-smart-tests" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a859:6712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe391b" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="6712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe391b" data-wf-component-context="%5B%7B%22componentId%22%3A%226712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe38f1%22%2C%22instanceId%22%3A%22fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a859%22%7D%5D" class="f_link">Smart Tests</a></li><li class="f_link-item"><a href="/capabilities/release-orchestration" data-wf-native-id-path="fac149d5-edf9-39d0-68f9-084a33c3a859:6712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe391e" data-wf-ao-click-engagement-tracking="true" data-wf-element-id="6712cc61-808c-ccab-0d36-2ccadbfe391e" 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const pre = document.createElement('pre');
pre.setAttribute('data-lang', lang);
const code = document.createElement('code');
code.textContent = lines.join('\n').replace(/^\n+|\n+$/g, '');
pre.appendChild(code);
const paragraph = codeEl.closest('p');
if (paragraph) {
paragraph.replaceWith(pre);
}
});
/* ---------- Render code blocks ---------- */
document.querySelectorAll('pre[data-lang]').forEach((pre) => {
const lang = normalizeLang(pre.dataset.lang || 'code');
const clone = template.content.cloneNode(true);
const wrapper = clone.querySelector('.code-block');
const body = clone.querySelector('.code-body');
const langText = clone.querySelector('.code-lang-wr p');
const copyBtn = clone.querySelector('.code-copy');
let code = pre.querySelector('code');
if (!code) {
code = document.createElement('code');
code.textContent = pre.textContent.trim();
pre.innerHTML = '';
pre.appendChild(code);
}
code.className = `language-${lang}`;
pre.setAttribute('data-lang', lang);
if (langText) {
langText.textContent = LANG_LABELS[lang] || lang.toUpperCase();
}
const parent = pre.parentNode;
parent.insertBefore(wrapper, pre);
body.appendChild(pre);
if (copyBtn) {
copyBtn.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
navigator.clipboard.writeText(code.textContent).then(() => {
copyBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Copied');
setTimeout(() => {
copyBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Copy Code');
}, 1500);
});
});
}
if (window.Prism) {
Prism.highlightElement(code);
}
});
});
</script>
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