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<title data-rh="true">Shipping Software Should Not Be Scary - by Charity Majors</title>
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twitter this week, @srhtcn noted that \u201CMany incidents happen during or right after release\u201D and asked for advice on ways to fix this.","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg"}],"datePublished":"2018-08-19T22:06:13+00:00","dateModified":"2018-08-19T22:06:13+00:00","isAccessibleForFree":true,"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Charity Majors","url":"https://substack.com/@charitydotwtf","description":"cofounder and CTO of honeycomb.io; pioneered modern observability. co-author of O'Reilly books \"Database Reliability Engineering\" and \"Observability Engineering\", now wrapping up the 2nd ed. loves free software, free speech, and peaty single 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class="visibility-check"></div><div><div class="dt-post-body"><div class="available-content"><div dir="auto" class="body markup"><p><span>On twitter this week, @</span><a href="http://twitter.com/srhtcn">srhtcn</a><span> noted that “Many incidents happen during or right after release” and asked for advice on ways to fix this.</span></p><p>And he’s right!  Rolling out new software is the proximate cause for the overwhelming majority of incidents, at companies of all sizes.  Upgrading software is both a necessity and a minor insanity, considering how often it breaks things.</p><p><span>I’m not going to recap the </span><a href="https://circleci.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-devops-part-iv-continuous-delivery-and-continuous-deployment/">history of continuous integration and delivery,</a><span> suffice it to say that we now know that smaller and more frequent changes are much safer than larger and less frequent changes.</span></p><p>But it’s still risky.  And most issues are still caused by humans and our pesky need for “improvements”.  So what can be done?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM" class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img can-restack"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 848w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:548,&quot;width&quot;:600,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:400,&quot;bytes&quot;:49308,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://charitydotwtf.substack.com/i/181561589?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" alt srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high" class="sizing-normal"/></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2 class="header-anchor-post">It’s not ok for software releases to be scary and hazardous<div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-position-absolute pc-reset header-anchor-parent"><div class="pencraft pc-display-contents pc-reset pubTheme-yiXxQA"><div id="§its-not-ok-for-software-releases-to-be-scary-and-hazardous" class="pencraft pc-reset header-anchor offset-top"></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Link" data-href="https://charity.wtf/i/181561589/its-not-ok-for-software-releases-to-be-scary-and-hazardous" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft iconButton-mq_Et5 iconButtonBase-dJGHgN buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonStyle-r7yGCK size_sm-G3LciD priority_secondary-S63h9o"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-link"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></button></div></div></h2><p><span>First of all: </span><strong>If releasing is risky for you, you need to fix that</strong><span>.  Make this a priority.  Track your failures, practice post mortems, evaluate your on call practices and</span></p><p> culture.  Know if you’re getting better or worse.  This is a project that will take weeks if not months until you can be confident in the results.</p><p><span>You </span><em>have</em><span> to fix it though, because these things are self-reinforcing.  If shipping changes is scary and fraught, people will do it less and it will get even MORE scary and treacherous.</span></p><p>Likewise, if you turn it into a non-cortisol inducing event and set expectations, engineers will ship their code more often in smaller diffs and therefore break the world less.</p><p><span>Fixing deploys isn’t about eliminating errors, it’s about </span><strong>making your pipeline resilient</strong><span> to errors.  It’s fundamentally about detecting common failures and recovering from them, without requiring human intervention.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM" class="image-link image2 can-restack"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"/><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png" width="385" height="216" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:216,&quot;width&quot;:385,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Image result for deploy production meme&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Image result for deploy production meme&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" alt="Image result for deploy production meme" title="Image result for deploy production meme" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" class="sizing-normal"/></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2 class="header-anchor-post">Value your tools more<div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-position-absolute pc-reset header-anchor-parent"><div class="pencraft pc-display-contents pc-reset pubTheme-yiXxQA"><div id="§value-your-tools-more" class="pencraft pc-reset header-anchor offset-top"></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Link" data-href="https://charity.wtf/i/181561589/value-your-tools-more" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft iconButton-mq_Et5 iconButtonBase-dJGHgN buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonStyle-r7yGCK size_sm-G3LciD priority_secondary-S63h9o"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-link"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></button></div></div></h2><p>As an short term patch, you should run deploys in the mornings or whenever everyone is around and fresh.  Then take a hard look at your deploy pipeline.</p><p>In too many organizations, deploy code is a technical backwater, an accumulation of crufty scripts and glue code, forked gems and interns’ earnest attempts to hack up Capistrano.  It usually gives off a strong whiff of “sloppily evolved from many 2 am patches with no code review”.</p><p><span>This is insane.  </span><strong>Deploy software is the most important software</strong><span> you have.  Treat it that way: recruit an owner, allocate real time for development and testing, bake in metrics and track them over time.</span></p><p>If it doesn’t have an owner, it will never improve.  And you will need to invest in frequent improvements even after you’re over this first hump.</p><ul><li><p><strong>Signal high organizational value</strong><span> by putting one of your best engineers on it.</span></p></li><li><p>Recruit help from the design side of the house as well.  The “right” thing to do must be the fastest, easiest thing to do, with friendly prompts and good docs.  No “shortcuts” for people to reach for at the worst possible time.  You need user research and design here.</p></li><li><p><span>Track how often deploys fail and why.  Managers should pay close attention to this metric, just like the one for people getting interrupted or woken up, and allocate time to fixing this early whenever it sags.  </span><em><strong>Before</strong></em><strong> it gets bad</strong><span>.</span></p></li><li><p>Allocate real time for development, testing, and training — don’t expect the work to get shoved into people’s “spare time” or post mortem cleanup time.  Make sure other managers understand the impact of this work and are on board.  Make this one of your KPIs.</p></li></ul><p><span>In other words, </span><strong>make deploy tools a first class citizen</strong><span> of your technical toolset.  Make the work prestigious and valued — even aspirational.  If you do performance reviews, recognize the impact there.</span></p><p>(Btw, “how we hardened our deploys” is total Velocity-bait (&amp;&amp; other practitioner conferences) as well as being great for recruiting and general visibility in blog post form.  People love these stories; there definitely aren’t enough of them.)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM" class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img can-restack"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"/><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png" width="223" height="299" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:299,&quot;width&quot;:223,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" alt title srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" class="sizing-normal"/></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2 class="header-anchor-post">Turn software engineers into software owners<div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-position-absolute pc-reset header-anchor-parent"><div class="pencraft pc-display-contents pc-reset pubTheme-yiXxQA"><div id="§turn-software-engineers-into-software-owners" class="pencraft pc-reset header-anchor offset-top"></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Link" data-href="https://charity.wtf/i/181561589/turn-software-engineers-into-software-owners" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft iconButton-mq_Et5 iconButtonBase-dJGHgN buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonStyle-r7yGCK size_sm-G3LciD priority_secondary-S63h9o"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-link"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></button></div></div></h2><p>The canonical CI/CD advice starts with “ship early, ship often, ship smaller change sets”.  That’s great advice: you should definitely do those things.  But they are covered plenty elsewhere.  What’s software ownership?</p><p><strong>Software ownership is the natural end state of DevOps</strong><span>.  Software engineers, operations engineers, platform engineers, mobile engineers — everyone who writes code should be own the full lifecycle of their software.</span></p><p>Software owners are people who:</p><ol><li><p>Write code</p></li><li><p>Can deploy and roll back their own code</p></li><li><p>Are able to debug their own issues in prod (via instrumentation, not ssh)</p></li></ol><p><span>If you’re lacking any one of those three ingredients, </span><strong>you don’t have ownership</strong><span>.</span></p><p><span>Why ownership?  Because </span><strong>software ownership makes for better engineers, better software, and a better experience for customers. </strong><span> It shortens feedback loops and means the person debugging is usually the person with the most context on what has recently changed.</span></p><p><span>Some engineers might balk at this, but you’ll be doing them a favor.  </span><a href="https://opensource.com/article/17/7/state-systems-administration">We are all distributed systems engineers</a><span> now, and distributed systems require a much higher level of operational literacy.  May as well start today.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM" class="image-link image2 can-restack"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"/><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg" width="230" height="153" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:153,&quot;width&quot;:230,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Image result for deploy production meme&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Image result for deploy production meme&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" alt="Image result for deploy production meme" title="Image result for deploy production meme" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" class="sizing-normal"/></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2 class="header-anchor-post">Fail fast, fix fast<div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-position-absolute pc-reset header-anchor-parent"><div class="pencraft pc-display-contents pc-reset pubTheme-yiXxQA"><div id="§fail-fast-fix-fast" class="pencraft pc-reset header-anchor offset-top"></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Link" data-href="https://charity.wtf/i/181561589/fail-fast-fix-fast" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft iconButton-mq_Et5 iconButtonBase-dJGHgN buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonStyle-r7yGCK size_sm-G3LciD priority_secondary-S63h9o"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-link"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></button></div></div></h2><p><span>This is about shifting your mindset from one of brittleness and a tight grip, to one of flexibility where </span><strong>failures are no big deal</strong><span> because they happen all the time, don’t impact users, and give everyone lots of practice at detecting and recovering from them.</span></p><p>Here are a few of the best practices you should adopt with this practice.</p><ul><li><p><span>The engineer who writes the code and merges the PR should also </span><strong>run the deploy</strong></p></li><li><p>Everyone who writes code must be trained in how to deploy, roll back &amp; revert to last known good state (before escalating if necessary).  They should also know the basics of instrumentation, feature flagging and debugging in prod..</p></li><li><p><span>After deploying you MUST go verify: </span><strong>are your changes behaving as expected</strong><span>?  Does anything else look .. </span><em>unexpected</em><span>?  </span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/11/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-8-a-bees-life/">You have the most context on what to expect</a><span>; just two minutes spent verifying that things look reasonable will catch the overwhelming majority of errors before users even notice.</span></p></li><li><p><strong><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2018/02/development-at-honeycomb-crossing-the-observability-bridge-to-production/">Practice observability-driven development</a></strong><span>.  </span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/10/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-7-measure-twice-cut-once-how-we-made-our-queries-50-faster-with-data/">Instrument each change so you can verify it is working</a><span>.  (</span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2018/06/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-9-tracing-the-query-path/">Hell, instrument in advance</a><span> in order to </span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/10/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-6-instrumenting-a-production-service/">determine the impact</a><span> of </span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/08/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-5-the-correlations-are-not-what-they-seem/">your proposed change</a><span> and see if it’s even worth doing.)</span></p></li><li><p><span>(You need solid observability for your instrumentation in order to expect your engineers to do </span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2016/08/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-2-migrating-api-versions/">this kind of side-by-side comparison</a><span>, something with high cardinality support (like </span><a href="http://honeycomb.io">honeycomb</a><span>) that lets you drill down to the individual event level.  It limits the amount of ownership you can reasonably expect if your </span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2016/08/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-1-the-long-tail/">software engineers are flying blind</a><span>.)</span></p></li></ul><p><strong>Make operability a high-value skill set.</strong><span>  Never promote someone to “senior engineer” if they can’t deploy and debug their </span></p><p>own code.</p><p><span>Software engineers don’t have to </span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/01/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-3-end-to-end-failures/">become operational experts</a><span>.  They do need to know the bare basics of </span><a href="https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/05/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-4-check-before-you-change/">instrumentation, deploy/revert, and debugging</a><span>.</span></p><p>Everyone who puts software in production needs to understand and feel responsible for the full lifecycle of their code, not just how it works in their IDE.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM" class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img can-restack"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"/><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg" width="382" height="381.2129120879121" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1453,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:382,&quot;bytes&quot;:531904,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://charitydotwtf.substack.com/i/181561589?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" alt srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" class="sizing-normal"/></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h2 class="header-anchor-post">Baking: it’s not just for cookies<div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-position-absolute pc-reset header-anchor-parent"><div class="pencraft pc-display-contents pc-reset pubTheme-yiXxQA"><div id="§baking-its-not-just-for-cookies" class="pencraft pc-reset header-anchor offset-top"></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Link" data-href="https://charity.wtf/i/181561589/baking-its-not-just-for-cookies" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft iconButton-mq_Et5 iconButtonBase-dJGHgN buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonStyle-r7yGCK size_sm-G3LciD priority_secondary-S63h9o"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-link"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></button></div></div></h2><p>Shipping something to production is a process of incrementally gaining confidence, not a switch you can flip.</p><p>You can’t trust code until it’s been in prod a while, </p><p>until you’ve seen it perform under a wide range of load and concurrency scenarios, in lots of partial failure modes.  Only over time can you develop confidence in it not being terrible.</p><p><strong>Nothing is production except production</strong><span>.  Don’t rely on never failing; expect failure, embrace failure.  Practice failure!  Build guard rails around your production systems to help you find and fix problems quickly.</span></p><p><span>The changes you need to make your pipeline more resilient are roughly the same changes you need to safely </span><a href="https://opensource.com/article/17/8/testing-production">test in production</a><span>.  These are a few of your guard rails.</span></p><ul><li><p><span>Use </span><strong><a href="http://launchdarkly.com">feature flags</a></strong><span> to switch new code paths on and off</span></p></li><li><p><span>Build </span><strong>canaries</strong><span> for your deploy process, so you can promote releases gracefully and automatically to larger subsets of your traffic as you gain confidence in them</span></p></li><li><p>Create cohorts.  Deploy to internal users first, then any free tier, etc in order of ascending importance.  Don’t jump from 10% to 25% to 50% and then 100% — some changes are related to saturating backend resources, and the 50%-100% jump will kill you.</p></li><li><p>Have robots check the health of your software as it rolls out to decide whether to promote the canary.  Over time the robot checks will mature and eventually catch a ton of problems and regressions for you.</p></li></ul><p><span>The quality of code is not knowable before it hits production.  You may able to spot some problems, but you can never guarantee a lack of then.  </span><strong>It takes </strong><em><strong>time</strong></em><strong> to bake a new release</strong><span> and gain incremental confidence in new code.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM" class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img can-restack"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"/><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg" width="156" height="273.59090909090907" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:926,&quot;width&quot;:528,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:156,&quot;bytes&quot;:217156,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://charitydotwtf.substack.com/i/181561589?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" alt srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" class="sizing-normal"/></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h2 class="header-anchor-post">In summary.<div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-position-absolute pc-reset header-anchor-parent"><div class="pencraft pc-display-contents pc-reset pubTheme-yiXxQA"><div id="§in-summary" class="pencraft pc-reset header-anchor offset-top"></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Link" data-href="https://charity.wtf/i/181561589/in-summary" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft iconButton-mq_Et5 iconButtonBase-dJGHgN buttonBase-GK1x3M buttonStyle-r7yGCK size_sm-G3LciD priority_secondary-S63h9o"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-link"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></button></div></div></h2><ol><li><p>Get someone to own the deploy software</p></li><li><p>Value the work</p></li><li><p>Create a culture of software ownership</p></li><li><p>LOOK at what you’ve done after you do it</p></li><li><p>Be suspicious of new versions until they prove themselves</p></li></ol><p><a href="https://charity.wtf/2018/08/17/on-engineers-and-influence/">Two blog posts in one weekend</a><span>!  That’s definitely never happened before.  Thanks to </span><a href="http://twitter.com/xaprb">Baron</a><span> for asking me to draft this up following the weekend’s twitter thread: </span><a href="https://twitter.com/mipsytipsy/status/1030340072741064704">https://twitter.com/mipsytipsy/status/1030340072741064704</a><span>.</span></p></div></div><div class="visibility-check"></div></div><div class="post-footer"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-16 pc-paddingTop-16 pc-paddingBottom-16 pc-justifyContent-space-between pc-alignItems-center pc-reset flex-grow-rzmknG border-top-detail-themed-k9TZAY border-bottom-detail-themed-Ua9186 post-ufi"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="like-button-container post-ufi-button style-button"><button tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Like" aria-pressed="false" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft post-ufi-button style-button no-label with-border"><svg aria-hidden="true" style="height:20px;width:20px;" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="#000000" stroke-width="2" stroke="#000" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon"><g><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" 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Software Should Not Be Scary\",\"subtitle\":\"\",\"teaser_post_eligible\":true,\"title\":\"Shipping Software Should Not Be Scary\",\"type\":\"newsletter\",\"video_upload_id\":null,\"write_comment_permissions\":\"everyone\",\"meter_type\":\"none\",\"live_stream_id\":null,\"is_published\":true,\"restacks\":0,\"reactions\":{\"\u2764\":0},\"top_exclusions\":[],\"pins\":[],\"section_pins\":[],\"has_shareable_clips\":false,\"previous_post_slug\":\"on-engineers-and-influence\",\"next_post_slug\":\"how-to-run-a-tech-leadership-skill-share\",\"cover_image\":\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg\",\"cover_image_is_square\":false,\"cover_image_is_explicit\":false,\"videoUpload\":null,\"podcastFields\":{\"post_id\":181561589,\"podcast_episode_number\":null,\"podcast_season_number\":null,\"podcast_episode_type\":null,\"should_syndicate_to_other_feed\":null,\"syndicate_to_section_id\":null,\"hide_from_feed\":false,\"free_podcast_url\":null,\"free_podcast_duration\":null,\"preview_contains_ad\":false,\"was_imported_self_serve_sync\":false,\"draft_free_podcast_url\":null,\"draft_free_podcast_duration\":null},\"podcastUpload\":null,\"podcastPreviewUpload\":null,\"voiceover_upload_id\":null,\"voiceoverUpload\":null,\"has_voiceover\":false,\"description\":\"On twitter this week, @srhtcn noted that \u201CMany incidents happen during or right after release\u201D and asked for advice on ways to fix this.\",\"body_html\":\"<p>On twitter this week, @<a href=\\\"http://twitter.com/srhtcn\\\">srhtcn</a> noted that \u201CMany incidents happen during or right after release\u201D and asked for advice on ways to fix this.</p><p>And he\u2019s right!&nbsp; Rolling out new software is the proximate cause for the overwhelming majority of incidents, at companies of all sizes.&nbsp; Upgrading software is both a necessity and a minor insanity, considering how often it breaks things.</p><p>I\u2019m not going to recap the <a href=\\\"https://circleci.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-devops-part-iv-continuous-delivery-and-continuous-deployment/\\\">history of continuous integration and delivery,</a>&nbsp;suffice it to say that we now know that smaller and more frequent changes are much safer than larger and less frequent changes.</p><p>But it\u2019s still risky.&nbsp; And most issues are still caused by humans and our pesky need for \u201Cimprovements\u201D.&nbsp; So what can be done?</p><div class=\\\"captioned-image-container\\\"><figure><a class=\\\"image-link image2 is-viewable-img\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" href=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg\\\" data-component-name=\\\"Image2ToDOM\\\"><div class=\\\"image2-inset\\\"><picture><source type=\\\"image/webp\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 424w, 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data-attrs=\\\"{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:548,&quot;width&quot;:600,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:400,&quot;bytes&quot;:49308,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://charitydotwtf.substack.com/i/181561589?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}\\\" class=\\\"sizing-normal\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R9sS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe49a63a9-5693-42a0-bc41-025133622394_600x548.jpeg 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\" fetchpriority=\\\"high\\\"></picture><div class=\\\"image-link-expand\\\"><div class=\\\"pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset\\\"><button tabindex=\\\"0\\\" type=\\\"button\\\" class=\\\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image\\\"><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" width=\\\"20\\\" height=\\\"20\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 20 20\\\" fill=\\\"none\\\" stroke-width=\\\"1.5\\\" stroke=\\\"var(--color-fg-primary)\\\" stroke-linecap=\\\"round\\\" stroke-linejoin=\\\"round\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\"><g><path d=\\\"M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882\\\"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex=\\\"0\\\" type=\\\"button\\\" class=\\\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image\\\"><svg xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" width=\\\"20\\\" height=\\\"20\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 24 24\\\" fill=\\\"none\\\" stroke=\\\"currentColor\\\" stroke-width=\\\"2\\\" stroke-linecap=\\\"round\\\" stroke-linejoin=\\\"round\\\" class=\\\"lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2\\\"><polyline points=\\\"15 3 21 3 21 9\\\"></polyline><polyline points=\\\"9 21 3 21 3 15\\\"></polyline><line x1=\\\"21\\\" x2=\\\"14\\\" y1=\\\"3\\\" y2=\\\"10\\\"></line><line x1=\\\"3\\\" x2=\\\"10\\\" y1=\\\"21\\\" y2=\\\"14\\\"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>It\u2019s not ok for software releases to be scary and hazardous</h2><p>First of all: <strong>If releasing is risky for you, you need to fix that</strong>.&nbsp; Make this a priority.&nbsp; Track your failures, practice post mortems, evaluate your on call practices and</p><p>&nbsp;culture.&nbsp; Know if you\u2019re getting better or worse.&nbsp; This is a project that will take weeks if not months until you can be confident in the results.</p><p>You <em>have</em> to fix it though, because these things are self-reinforcing.&nbsp; If shipping changes is scary and fraught, people will do it less and it will get even MORE scary and treacherous.</p><p>Likewise, if you turn it into a non-cortisol inducing event and set expectations, engineers will ship their code more often in smaller diffs and therefore break the world less.</p><p>Fixing deploys isn\u2019t about eliminating errors, it\u2019s about <strong>making your pipeline resilient</strong> to errors.&nbsp; It\u2019s fundamentally about detecting common failures and recovering from them, without requiring human intervention.</p><div class=\\\"captioned-image-container\\\"><figure><a class=\\\"image-link image2\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" href=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png\\\" data-component-name=\\\"Image2ToDOM\\\"><div class=\\\"image2-inset\\\"><picture><source type=\\\"image/webp\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\"><img src=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png\\\" width=\\\"385\\\" height=\\\"216\\\" data-attrs=\\\"{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:216,&quot;width&quot;:385,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Image result for deploy production meme&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Image result for deploy production meme&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}\\\" class=\\\"sizing-normal\\\" alt=\\\"Image result for deploy production meme\\\" title=\\\"Image result for deploy production meme\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EIyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89e84a3b-3608-4ff8-a932-7de1557e88b4_385x216.png 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\" loading=\\\"lazy\\\"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>Value your tools more</h2><p>As an short term patch, you should run deploys in the mornings or whenever everyone is around and fresh.&nbsp; Then take a hard look at your deploy pipeline.</p><p>In too many organizations, deploy code is a technical backwater, an accumulation of crufty scripts and glue code, forked gems and interns\u2019 earnest attempts to hack up Capistrano.&nbsp; It usually gives off a strong whiff of \u201Csloppily evolved from many 2 am patches with no code review\u201D.</p><p>This is insane.&nbsp; <strong>Deploy software is the most important software</strong> you have.&nbsp; Treat it that way: recruit an owner, allocate real time for development and testing, bake in metrics and track them over time.</p><p>If it doesn\u2019t have an owner, it will never improve.&nbsp; And you will need to invest in frequent improvements even after you\u2019re over this first hump.</p><ul><li><p><strong>Signal high organizational value</strong> by putting one of your best engineers on it.</p></li><li><p>Recruit help from the design side of the house as well.&nbsp; The \u201Cright\u201D thing to do must be the fastest, easiest thing to do, with friendly prompts and good docs.&nbsp; No \u201Cshortcuts\u201D for people to reach for at the worst possible time.&nbsp; You need user research and design here.</p></li><li><p>Track how often deploys fail and why.&nbsp; Managers should pay close attention to this metric, just like the one for people getting interrupted or woken up, and allocate time to fixing this early whenever it sags.&nbsp; <em><strong>Before</strong></em><strong> it gets bad</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Allocate real time for development, testing, and training \u2014 don\u2019t expect the work to get shoved into people\u2019s \u201Cspare time\u201D or post mortem cleanup time.&nbsp; Make sure other managers understand the impact of this work and are on board.&nbsp; Make this one of your KPIs.</p></li></ul><p>In other words, <strong>make deploy tools a first class citizen</strong> of your technical toolset.&nbsp; Make the work prestigious and valued \u2014 even aspirational.&nbsp; If you do performance reviews, recognize the impact there.</p><p>(Btw, \u201Chow we hardened our deploys\u201D is total Velocity-bait (&amp;&amp; other practitioner conferences) as well as being great for recruiting and general visibility in blog post form.&nbsp; People love these stories; there definitely aren\u2019t enough of them.)</p><div class=\\\"captioned-image-container\\\"><figure><a class=\\\"image-link image2 is-viewable-img\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" href=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png\\\" data-component-name=\\\"Image2ToDOM\\\"><div class=\\\"image2-inset\\\"><picture><source type=\\\"image/webp\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\"><img src=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png\\\" width=\\\"223\\\" height=\\\"299\\\" data-attrs=\\\"{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:299,&quot;width&quot;:223,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}\\\" class=\\\"sizing-normal\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" title=\\\"\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c8eec9f-880e-4fad-b0a2-863d9150925a_223x299.png 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\" loading=\\\"lazy\\\"></picture><div class=\\\"image-link-expand\\\"><div class=\\\"pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset\\\"><button tabindex=\\\"0\\\" type=\\\"button\\\" class=\\\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image\\\"><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" width=\\\"20\\\" height=\\\"20\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 20 20\\\" fill=\\\"none\\\" stroke-width=\\\"1.5\\\" stroke=\\\"var(--color-fg-primary)\\\" stroke-linecap=\\\"round\\\" stroke-linejoin=\\\"round\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\"><g><path d=\\\"M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882\\\"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex=\\\"0\\\" type=\\\"button\\\" class=\\\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image\\\"><svg xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" width=\\\"20\\\" height=\\\"20\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 24 24\\\" fill=\\\"none\\\" stroke=\\\"currentColor\\\" stroke-width=\\\"2\\\" stroke-linecap=\\\"round\\\" stroke-linejoin=\\\"round\\\" class=\\\"lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2\\\"><polyline points=\\\"15 3 21 3 21 9\\\"></polyline><polyline points=\\\"9 21 3 21 3 15\\\"></polyline><line x1=\\\"21\\\" x2=\\\"14\\\" y1=\\\"3\\\" y2=\\\"10\\\"></line><line x1=\\\"3\\\" x2=\\\"10\\\" y1=\\\"21\\\" y2=\\\"14\\\"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>Turn software engineers into software owners</h2><p>The canonical CI/CD advice starts with \u201Cship early, ship often, ship smaller change sets\u201D.&nbsp; That\u2019s great advice: you should definitely do those things.&nbsp; But they are covered plenty elsewhere.&nbsp; What\u2019s software ownership?</p><p><strong>Software ownership is the natural end state of DevOps</strong>.&nbsp; Software engineers, operations engineers, platform engineers, mobile engineers \u2014 everyone who writes code should be own the full lifecycle of their software.</p><p>Software owners are people who:</p><ol><li><p>Write code</p></li><li><p>Can deploy and roll back their own code</p></li><li><p>Are able to debug their own issues in prod (via instrumentation, not ssh)</p></li></ol><p>If you\u2019re lacking any one of those three ingredients, <strong>you don\u2019t have ownership</strong>.</p><p>Why ownership?&nbsp; Because <strong>software&nbsp;ownership makes for better engineers, better software, and a better experience for customers.&nbsp;</strong> It shortens feedback loops and means the person debugging is usually the person with the most context on what has recently changed.</p><p>Some engineers might balk at this, but you\u2019ll be doing them a favor.&nbsp; <a href=\\\"https://opensource.com/article/17/7/state-systems-administration\\\">We are all distributed systems engineers</a> now, and distributed systems require a much higher level of operational literacy.&nbsp; May as well start today.</p><div class=\\\"captioned-image-container\\\"><figure><a class=\\\"image-link image2\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" href=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg\\\" data-component-name=\\\"Image2ToDOM\\\"><div class=\\\"image2-inset\\\"><picture><source type=\\\"image/webp\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\"><img src=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg\\\" width=\\\"230\\\" height=\\\"153\\\" data-attrs=\\\"{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:153,&quot;width&quot;:230,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Image result for deploy production meme&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Image result for deploy production meme&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}\\\" class=\\\"sizing-normal\\\" alt=\\\"Image result for deploy production meme\\\" title=\\\"Image result for deploy production meme\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJ_V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F606fdb77-37d1-41cc-9fd9-7cd645dda982_230x153.jpeg 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\" loading=\\\"lazy\\\"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>Fail fast, fix fast</h2><p>This is about shifting your mindset from one of brittleness and a tight grip, to one of flexibility where <strong>failures are no big deal</strong> because they happen all the time, don\u2019t impact users, and give everyone lots of practice at detecting and recovering from them.</p><p>Here are a few of the best practices you should adopt with this practice.</p><ul><li><p>The engineer who writes the code and merges the PR should also <strong>run the deploy</strong></p></li><li><p>Everyone who writes code must be trained in how to deploy, roll back &amp; revert to last known good state (before escalating if necessary).&nbsp; They should also know the basics of instrumentation, feature flagging and debugging in prod..</p></li><li><p>After deploying you MUST go verify: <strong>are your changes behaving as expected</strong>?&nbsp; Does anything else look .. <em>unexpected</em>?&nbsp; <a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/11/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-8-a-bees-life/\\\">You have the most context on what to expect</a>; just two minutes spent verifying that things look reasonable will catch the overwhelming majority of errors before users even notice.</p></li><li><p><strong><a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2018/02/development-at-honeycomb-crossing-the-observability-bridge-to-production/\\\">Practice observability-driven development</a></strong>.&nbsp; <a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/10/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-7-measure-twice-cut-once-how-we-made-our-queries-50-faster-with-data/\\\">Instrument each change so you can verify it is working</a>.&nbsp; (<a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2018/06/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-9-tracing-the-query-path/\\\">Hell, instrument in advance</a> in order to <a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/10/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-6-instrumenting-a-production-service/\\\">determine the impact</a> of <a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/08/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-5-the-correlations-are-not-what-they-seem/\\\">your proposed change</a> and see if it\u2019s even worth doing.)</p></li><li><p>(You need solid observability for your instrumentation in order to expect your engineers to do <a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2016/08/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-2-migrating-api-versions/\\\">this kind of side-by-side comparison</a>, something with high cardinality support (like <a href=\\\"http://honeycomb.io\\\">honeycomb</a>) that lets you drill down to the individual event level.&nbsp; It limits the amount of ownership you can reasonably expect if your <a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2016/08/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-1-the-long-tail/\\\">software engineers are flying blind</a>.)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Make operability a high-value skill set.</strong>&nbsp; Never promote someone to \u201Csenior engineer\u201D if they can\u2019t deploy and debug their&nbsp;</p><p>own code.</p><p>Software engineers don\u2019t have to <a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/01/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-3-end-to-end-failures/\\\">become operational experts</a>.&nbsp; They do need to know the bare basics of <a href=\\\"https://www.honeycomb.io/blog/2017/05/how-honeycomb-uses-honeycomb-part-4-check-before-you-change/\\\">instrumentation, deploy/revert, and debugging</a>.</p><p>Everyone who puts software in production needs to understand and feel responsible for the full lifecycle of their code, not just how it works in their IDE.</p><div class=\\\"captioned-image-container\\\"><figure><a class=\\\"image-link image2 is-viewable-img\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" href=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg\\\" data-component-name=\\\"Image2ToDOM\\\"><div class=\\\"image2-inset\\\"><picture><source type=\\\"image/webp\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\"><img src=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg\\\" width=\\\"382\\\" height=\\\"381.2129120879121\\\" data-attrs=\\\"{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1453,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:382,&quot;bytes&quot;:531904,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://charitydotwtf.substack.com/i/181561589?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}\\\" class=\\\"sizing-normal\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjeO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbaecc88-b4bf-465e-a6f2-b1be004e5c85_1823x1819.jpeg 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\" loading=\\\"lazy\\\"></picture><div class=\\\"image-link-expand\\\"><div class=\\\"pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset\\\"><button tabindex=\\\"0\\\" type=\\\"button\\\" class=\\\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image\\\"><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" width=\\\"20\\\" height=\\\"20\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 20 20\\\" fill=\\\"none\\\" stroke-width=\\\"1.5\\\" stroke=\\\"var(--color-fg-primary)\\\" stroke-linecap=\\\"round\\\" stroke-linejoin=\\\"round\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\"><g><path d=\\\"M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882\\\"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex=\\\"0\\\" type=\\\"button\\\" class=\\\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image\\\"><svg xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" width=\\\"20\\\" height=\\\"20\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 24 24\\\" fill=\\\"none\\\" stroke=\\\"currentColor\\\" stroke-width=\\\"2\\\" stroke-linecap=\\\"round\\\" stroke-linejoin=\\\"round\\\" class=\\\"lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2\\\"><polyline points=\\\"15 3 21 3 21 9\\\"></polyline><polyline points=\\\"9 21 3 21 3 15\\\"></polyline><line x1=\\\"21\\\" x2=\\\"14\\\" y1=\\\"3\\\" y2=\\\"10\\\"></line><line x1=\\\"3\\\" x2=\\\"10\\\" y1=\\\"21\\\" y2=\\\"14\\\"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h2>Baking: it\u2019s not just for cookies</h2><p>Shipping something to production is a process of incrementally gaining confidence, not a switch you can flip.</p><p>You can\u2019t trust code until it\u2019s been in prod a while,&nbsp;</p><p>until you\u2019ve seen it perform under a wide range of load and concurrency scenarios, in lots of partial failure modes.&nbsp; Only over time can you develop confidence in it not being terrible.</p><p><strong>Nothing is production except production</strong>.&nbsp; Don\u2019t rely on never failing; expect failure, embrace failure.&nbsp; Practice failure!&nbsp; Build guard rails around your production systems to help you find and fix problems quickly.</p><p>The changes you need to make your pipeline more resilient are roughly the same changes you need to safely&nbsp;<a href=\\\"https://opensource.com/article/17/8/testing-production\\\">test in production</a>.&nbsp; These are a few of your guard rails.</p><ul><li><p>Use <strong><a href=\\\"http://launchdarkly.com\\\">feature flags</a></strong> to switch new code paths on and off</p></li><li><p>Build <strong>canaries</strong> for your deploy process, so you can promote releases gracefully and automatically to larger subsets of your traffic as you gain confidence in them</p></li><li><p>Create cohorts.&nbsp; Deploy to internal users first, then any free tier, etc in order of ascending importance.&nbsp; Don\u2019t jump from 10% to 25% to 50% and then 100% \u2014 some changes are related to saturating backend resources, and the 50%-100% jump will kill you.</p></li><li><p>Have robots check the health of your software as it rolls out to decide whether to promote the canary.&nbsp; Over time the robot checks will mature and eventually catch a ton of problems and regressions for you.</p></li></ul><p>The quality of code is not knowable before it hits production.&nbsp; You may able to spot some problems, but you can never guarantee a lack of then.&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>It takes&nbsp;</strong><em><strong>time</strong></em><strong> to bake a new release</strong> and gain incremental confidence in new code.</p><div class=\\\"captioned-image-container\\\"><figure><a class=\\\"image-link image2 is-viewable-img\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" href=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg\\\" data-component-name=\\\"Image2ToDOM\\\"><div class=\\\"image2-inset\\\"><picture><source type=\\\"image/webp\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\"><img src=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg\\\" width=\\\"156\\\" height=\\\"273.59090909090907\\\" data-attrs=\\\"{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:926,&quot;width&quot;:528,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:156,&quot;bytes&quot;:217156,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://charitydotwtf.substack.com/i/181561589?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}\\\" class=\\\"sizing-normal\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" srcset=\\\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L2df!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28b9c70d-da5c-4b35-bab9-582618de0ec9_528x926.jpeg 1456w\\\" sizes=\\\"100vw\\\" loading=\\\"lazy\\\"></picture><div class=\\\"image-link-expand\\\"><div class=\\\"pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset\\\"><button tabindex=\\\"0\\\" type=\\\"button\\\" class=\\\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image\\\"><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" width=\\\"20\\\" height=\\\"20\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 20 20\\\" fill=\\\"none\\\" stroke-width=\\\"1.5\\\" stroke=\\\"var(--color-fg-primary)\\\" stroke-linecap=\\\"round\\\" stroke-linejoin=\\\"round\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\"><g><path d=\\\"M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882\\\"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex=\\\"0\\\" type=\\\"button\\\" class=\\\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image\\\"><svg xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" width=\\\"20\\\" height=\\\"20\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 24 24\\\" fill=\\\"none\\\" stroke=\\\"currentColor\\\" stroke-width=\\\"2\\\" stroke-linecap=\\\"round\\\" stroke-linejoin=\\\"round\\\" class=\\\"lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2\\\"><polyline points=\\\"15 3 21 3 21 9\\\"></polyline><polyline points=\\\"9 21 3 21 3 15\\\"></polyline><line x1=\\\"21\\\" x2=\\\"14\\\" y1=\\\"3\\\" y2=\\\"10\\\"></line><line x1=\\\"3\\\" x2=\\\"10\\\" y1=\\\"21\\\" y2=\\\"14\\\"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h2>In summary.</h2><ol><li><p>Get someone to own the deploy software</p></li><li><p>Value the work</p></li><li><p>Create a culture of software ownership</p></li><li><p>LOOK at what you\u2019ve done after you do it</p></li><li><p>Be suspicious of new versions until they prove themselves</p></li></ol><p><a href=\\\"https://charity.wtf/2018/08/17/on-engineers-and-influence/\\\">Two blog posts in one weekend</a>!&nbsp; That\u2019s definitely never happened before.&nbsp; Thanks to <a href=\\\"http://twitter.com/xaprb\\\">Baron</a> for asking me to draft this up following the weekend\u2019s twitter thread: <a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/mipsytipsy/status/1030340072741064704\\\">https://twitter.com/mipsytipsy/status/1030340072741064704</a>.</p>\",\"has_dynamic_content\":false,\"truncated_body_text\":\"On twitter this week, @srhtcn noted that \u201CMany incidents happen during or right after release\u201D and asked for advice on ways to fix 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