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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><meta name="bingbot" content="nocache"/><head><meta charSet="utf-8" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@verge" data-next-head=""/><meta property="fb:app_id" content="549923288395304" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:site_name" content="The Verge" data-next-head=""/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" data-next-head=""/><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Verge" data-next-head=""/><meta name="google-site-verification" content="IucFf_TKtbFFH8_YeFyEteQIwYPdANM1R46_U9DpAr4" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The Verge" href="/rss/index.xml" data-next-head=""/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static-assets/icons/favicon.ico" data-next-head=""/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/static-assets/icons/apple-touch-icon.png" data-next-head=""/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/static-assets/icons/favicon-32x32.png" data-next-head=""/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="/static-assets/icons/favicon-96x96.png" data-next-head=""/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/static-assets/icons/favicon-16x16.png" data-next-head=""/><link rel="mask-icon" href="/static-assets/icons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" data-next-head=""/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/static-assets/icons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" data-next-head=""/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/static-assets/icons/android-chrome-512x512.png" sizes="512x512" data-next-head=""/><title data-next-head="">Why Facebook keeps going down | The Verge</title><meta name="robots" content="index,follow,max-image-preview:large" data-next-head=""/><meta name="description" content="Facebook is so large that even basic testing can take down the entire network, The Verge has learned. More highlights from leaked audio inside Facebook" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:title" content="Why Facebook keeps going down" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:description" content="More highlights from leaked audio inside Facebook" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.theverge.com/interface/2019/10/8/20902592/why-facebook-is-down-2019" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:type" content="article" data-next-head=""/><meta property="article:published_time" content="2019-10-08T10:00:00+00:00" data-next-head=""/><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2019-10-08T10:00:00+00:00" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:image" content="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C10.732984293194%2C100%2C78.534031413613&w=1200" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:image:height" content="628" data-next-head=""/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.theverge.com/interface/2019/10/8/20902592/why-facebook-is-down-2019" data-next-head=""/><meta name="author" content="Casey Newton" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.theverge.com/interface/2019/10/8/20902592/why-facebook-is-down-2019" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Why Facebook keeps going down" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:description" content="More highlights from leaked audio inside Facebook" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C10.732984293194%2C100%2C78.534031413613&w=1200" data-next-head=""/><meta name="amazonbot" content="noarchive" data-next-head=""/><meta name="parsely-type" content="post" data-next-head=""/><meta name="parsely-title" content="Why Facebook keeps going down" data-next-head=""/><meta name="parsely-link" content="https://www.theverge.com/interface/2019/10/8/20902592/why-facebook-is-down-2019" data-next-head=""/><meta name="parsely-image-url" content="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0,10.732984293194,100,78.534031413613" data-next-head=""/><meta name="parsely-pub-date" content="2019-10-08T10:00:00+00:00" data-next-head=""/><meta name="parsely-section" content="interface" data-next-head=""/><meta name="parsely-tags" content="theverge,pagetype:story,facebook,meta,policy,tech,interface" data-next-head=""/><meta name="parsely-author" content="Casey Newton" data-next-head=""/><meta name="cse-category" content="The Interface" data-next-head=""/><meta name="cse-coral-id" content="1dd67283-93a0-40a8-8e22-42b02171f4e3" data-next-head=""/><meta name="cse-authors" content="Casey Newton" data-next-head=""/><script type="application/ld+json" data-next-head="">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Why Facebook keeps going down","description":"Facebook is so large that even basic testing can take down the entire network, The Verge has learned. More highlights from leaked audio inside Facebook","datePublished":"2019-10-08T10:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2019-10-08T10:00:00+00:00","url":"https://www.theverge.com/interface/2019/10/8/20902592/why-facebook-is-down-2019","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.theverge.com/interface/2019/10/8/20902592/why-facebook-is-down-2019","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Verge","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/01/verge-placeholder_f212b3.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0,0.13712291199202,100,99.725754176016","width":"1200","height":"628"}},"articleSection":"The Interface","keywords":["Facebook","Meta","Policy","Tech","The Interface"],"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Casey Newton","url":"https://www.theverge.com/authors/casey-newton"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false,"image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0,10.732984293194,100,78.534031413613","height":"1068","width":"2040"},{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0,0,100,100","height":"1360","width":"2040"},{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=16.666666666667,0,66.666666666667,100","height":"1360","width":"1359"}],"speakable":{"@type":"SpeakableSpecification","xpath":["/html/head/title","/html/head/meta[@name='description']/@content"]},"articleBody":"The 2010 film The Social Network was almost entirely made up out of whole cloth, but one point made early in the film continues to ring true. Facebook has long had an obsessive focus with keeping the site up no matter what strain its servers were under, out of sheer competitive fear that users who couldn’t access the site would turn elsewhere and never return. \nThat focus on keeping the site up helped Facebook to be competitive in its early years, when rivals like Twitter were routinely sidelined by melting servers. But this year, well into Facebook’s decade of dominance, things have taken a turn for the worse. In July, the company experienced a day-long outage across Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. That followed the company’s worst-ever outage in March, which lasted more than 24 hours.\nAs I wrote here in July, outages like these are becoming more serious. As Facebook increasingly positions itself as a core part of the world’s communications infrastructure, a day-long outage can have serious consequences — especially if one were to take place during a catastrophe.\nSo what’s going on?\nIn July, Facebook’s official explanation for that outage was that routine maintenance had “triggered an issue.” The full story is more interesting — and Mark Zuckerberg shared it with employees during some of the leaked audio that we began sharing here last week. So today, here’s the full explanation why Facebook keeps going down. Of note here: the basic answer is that Facebook’s massive size means that even small changes have hugely unpredictable effects, and can bring down the entire network.\nSo here’s Zuckerberg’s answer in full. He’s joined on stage part way through by Santosh Janardhan, vice president of engineering. The answer is highly technical — and involves terms like “storm testing,” “traffic drains,” and “slope testing” for which Google offers little explanation. But the basic answer is clear: Facebook ran some tests, and the tests knocked the system over. (The transcript has been lightly edited for clarity.)\nQuestion: We had several major outages this half. Is our reliability becoming a problem? What is the overarching root cause and how can we fix that?\nMark Zuckerberg: I’m glad that this is the top question, because it’s something I’ve been thinking about a bunch. We’ve had more downtime this year than the last few years combined. And it is an issue, and especially as we move towards more services in the private social platform area around messaging, that’s such a core utility to people that it’s really important that these services are reliable. Even from just a competition standpoint, what we see is that when we have downtimes in WhatsApp or Instagram Direct, there are people who just don’t come back. They may move their messaging behavior over to iMessage or Telegram or whatever the service is and that’s kind of it. \nAnd then it takes months to fight and earn back people’s trust and usage of our services. So yes, it’s a big deal. We’re doing worse on this now than we were before. We need to focus more on this ... There have been a few different outages recently ... But at a high level they come from different areas. So it’s not that there’s one technical being, except that just the complexity of the systems is growing. So things that previously would have just been a blip are now things that are causing systems to fall over, and we’re going to need to change the way that we react to that and change, focus a little bit more on reliability in the systems that we’re engineering. So this is going to be more of a focus. We have to get this right. It’s not that it’s currently in a very bad place, but it’s certainly trending worse than it should be. And we need to make sure we do better on this.\nSantosh Janardhan: I’ll add some color to what Mark was saying. First off, I do want to make sure everybody relaxes. We take this very, very seriously. Now if you think about how we run the site, one of the things we end up doing frequently is that we do a lot of testing. ... Things like this help us understand the limits of the system and help us make the service a lot more resilient.\n... One of the risks that we run when we run these tests is that we risk pushing our system just a little over the edge so that it fails in ways that we didn’t anticipate or plan for. Now this is exactly what happened last week. We were running a load test on … one of our biggest data centers. And we just pushed it over the edge, in our store which is where we store our photos, our videos, our Messenger attachments, your stickers, things of that nature. And it went into a series of cascading failures.\nNow when this happens the recovery becomes long, complex, and the mitigation takes time, which is what ended up happening. I want to touch a little bit on the reliability theme that Mark was alluding to. We will do the short-term things here, do the logs, errors, graphs, put together an error or two and fix the technical issues in the short term. What we are grappling at this point is, are you coming to an inflection point in complexity that ... We’re still thinking through how to approach things.\nFor example, in the outage that happened last week, some of our tools and monitors that are designed to help us exactly deal with this actually failed us. They prolonged the outage. ... So we are dealing with a little different beast at this point. So what are we going to do about this? Two different work streams.\nOne is that we’re going to do something to literally tackle complexity. We’re going to create and augment new tools. We’re going to do failure testing so that we identify the dependency graphs and run a bunch of bugs. Second is, actually, we want our teams to focus more on what I call fast and graceful recovery. This is something that we have not focused on before. And the last thing here is that this is going to take a little bit of time. We arguably, if you look at across our family of apps, are probably running the busiest online destination on the planet right now. So busy. And many have to tackle complexity that at the same time keep the site humming along. This is going to take some orchestration. We’ll get there. Just bear with us.\nThe Ratio\nToday in news that could affect public perception of the big tech platforms.\n⬆️Trending up: Microsoft successfully thwarted an effort by the government of Iran to hack into the email accounts of the Trump campaign.\n⬇️Trending down: Facebook’s Libra initiative appears to be on the rocks after PayPal pulled out. The announcement hit especially hard given that David Marcus, who is running Libra for Facebook, was the top executive at PayPal before coming to Facebook.\nGoverning\n⭐Facebook shut down 200 accounts associated with coordinated inauthentic behavior targeting Iran and Qatar. The accounts appeared to be professionally run by PR firms based in the Middle East and Africa. The company released a statement about the operations, noting they were focused on spreading propaganda and political news. Jane Lytvynenko and Logan McDonald report at BuzzFeed:\n> The UAE–Nigeria network spent close to $150,000 promoting its content on Facebook, and attracted close to 1.4 million followers for the associated pages, according to the Facebook announcement. The Instagram profiles were followed by nearly 70,000 people.\n> The action by Facebook today reinforces how malicious actors work across different platforms, run by different companies, to create coordinated disinformation operations, and can remain active even after major platforms take action against them. The UAE–Egypt–Nigeria network also demonstrates how outsourcing of digital trolling to marketing and PR firms is an increasingly popular way to conceal who’s behind information operations.\nMicrosoft said hackers backed by the Iranian government tried to gain access to the email accounts of people involved in the Trump campaign, to influence the 2020 election. The company released a statement about the hacks, noting only four accounts were successfully compromised. (Nicole Perlroth and David E. Sanger / The New York Times)\nThe debate over net neutrality (whether internet providers should have to treat traffic from all sites equally) was shaped by a groundswell of online comments — many of which turned out to be fake. A BuzzFeed investigation revealed the decision to scrap the Obama-era rule was shaped in part by a massive manipulation campaign involving political impersonation. (Jeremy Singer-Vine and Kevin Collier / BuzzFeed)\nRudy Giuliani was briefly kicked off Twitter for tweeting a Ukrainian official’s phone number, essentially doxing him. Twitter said the tweet violated its policy on sharing private information. (Makena Kelly / The Verge)\nSomeone tried to hack into Voatz, an app that lets soldiers from West Virginia vote overseas. An FBI investigation is ongoing, but it looks like the culprit might’ve been a student researching security vulnerabilities in the app rather than trying to change votes. (Kevin Collier / CNN)\nA fascinating look at the 2020 election campaign through the lens of how much candidates are spending on Facebook ads, and how often people are searching the word “impeachment.” (DemCast USA)\nElizabeth Warren is fundraising off our leaked audio from Facebook’s internal meetings this summer. In a series of Facebook ads showing Zuckerberg’s face, Warren’s campaign wrote “Mark Zuckerberg considers me an ‘existential’ threat to Facebook.” (Taylor Hatmaker / The Daily Beast)\nA new study shows 62% of Americans think social media companies have too much control over the news, and 55% think their efforts result in worse news offerings for users. Unsurprisingly, Republicans are the most skeptical, according to Pew Research Center. (Eliza Shearer and Elizabeth Grieco / Pew Research Center)\nThe Chinese government is successfully using pop culture and social media channels to spread propaganda. (Li Yuan / The New York Times)\nContrary to popular belief, the vast majority of deepfakes are pornographic, not political, in nature according to a study from cybersecurity firm Deeptrace. Almost all of them explicitly target women. (Joseph Cox / Vice)\nCalifornia Gov. Gavin Newsom is trying to fix both those problems with two new laws aimed at deepfakes. The first, AB 730, makes it illegal to distribute political deepfakes within 60 days of an election. The second, AB 602, gives Californians the right to sue someone who creates deepfakes that place them in pornographic material without consent. (Carrie Mihalcik / CNET)\nWe should stop using free speech as an excuse not to do something about people who promote bigotry and violence, argues Andrew Marantz. He has a new book out about online extremism in which he argues for for more public media and content moderation. (Andrew Marantz / The New York Times)\nIndustry\n⭐ PayPal pulled out of the Libra Association — the nonprofit association that governs Facebook’s planned cryptocurrency. The news comes amid reports that Mastercard, Visa, and Stripe are also considering withdrawing their support. Nick Statt has a spicy quote from Libra’s policy and communications head at The Verge:\n> Later on in the evening, Facebook’s communications team sent along another statement from Disparte, in which the blockchain project’s policy chief appears to criticize PayPal for not having the “fortitude” to stick with something as difficult and demanding as Libra.\n> “It requires a certain boldness and fortitude to take on an endeavor as ambitious as Libra — a generational opportunity to get things right and improve financial inclusion,” Disparte writes. “The journey will be long and challenging. The type of change that will reconfigure the financial system to be tilted towards people, not the institutions serving them, will be hard. Commitment to that mission is more important to us than anything else. We’re better off knowing about this lack of commitment now, rather than later.”\nMeanwhile, Apple CEO Tim Cook said Facebook should never have developed Libra at all. “A private company shouldn’t be looking to gain power this way,” Cook told a French newspaper. (Nick Statt / The Verge)\nElsewhere, Cook has been cozying up to Trump to score policy victories. Recently, the Apple CEO was able to get iPhones exempted from steep tariffs. He’s also as an adviser to the administration’s workforce policy board, but hasn’t faced the backlash for this that other executives have. (Tripp Mickle / The Wall Street Journal)\nSnap CEO Evan Spiegel says that widespread adoption of augmented-reality smart glasses is still 10 years out. In August, Snap announced the $380 Spectacles 3, the latest version of the company’s camera-equipped glasses. (Salvador Rodriguez / CNBC)\nGoogle is considering buying Firework, an app for users to create and share 30-second videos with strangers. The move could help Google compete with TikTok, though Firework is aimed at a slightly older audience. (Georgia Wells and Rob Copeland / The Wall Street Journal)\nTikTok has been paying some influencers to create posts and share them on other social networks. The Indian government is investigating whether the company’s approach violated Indian laws around editorial influence on works for hire. (Venkat Ananth and Patanjali Pahwa / Electronic Times)\nEx-HQ Trivia host Scott Rogowsky has a new job co-hosting ChangeUp, a live show from MLB’s New Jersey studios, for the streaming platform DAZN. I think it’s fair to say that Quiz Daddy’s new show doesn’t have quite the same buzz about it. But then, neither does HQ. (Jacob Feldman / Sports Illustrated)\nLele Pons is credited with coining the phrase “do it for the Vine” on that now-defunct product. Now, she’s a successful influencer on Instagram and YouTube, exemplifying a specific type of social media personality that’s bubbly but also generic. (Sarah Ellison / The Washington Post)\nTyler “Ninja” Blevins says he left Twitch because the Amazon-owned streaming service placed too many restrictions on the brand deals he could cut elsewhere. Blevins moved to Microsoft-owned Mixer in August. He’s since scored deals with companies like Adidas and has a small role in Ryan Reynolds’ new movie, Free Guy. (Julia Alexander / The Verge)\nAnd finally...\nThe FBI is running Facebook ads targeting Russians in Washington\nHere are just two perfect sentences from Donie O’Sullivan and David Shortell at CNN:\n> The FBI is running ads on Facebook in the Washington DC area seemingly designed to target and recruit Russian spies as well as those who know about their work, CNN has learned.\n> One ad seen by CNN features a stock photo of a young woman at her graduation with her family. Russian text overlaid on the image reads, “For your future, for the future of your family.”\nTalk about turnabout being fair play! Hats off to the FBI here. The ads are targeted at people in Washington, DC, and some can be seen through a Facebook ad tracking tool. Enjoy!\nTalk to us\nSend us tips, comments, questions, and your Facebook outage stories: casey@theverge.com and zoe@theverge.com.","about":[{"@type":"Thing","name":"The Interface","url":"https://www.theverge.com/interface"},{"@type":"Thing","name":"Policy","url":"https://www.theverge.com/policy"},{"@type":"Thing","name":"Tech","url":"https://www.theverge.com/tech"}]}</script><script type="application/ld+json" data-next-head="">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"The Interface","item":"https://www.theverge.com/interface"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Policy","item":"https://www.theverge.com/policy"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Tech","item":"https://www.theverge.com/tech"}]}</script><link rel="preload" as="image" 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-label="Follow"><path d="M5 0H4V4H0V5H4V9H5V5H9V4H5V0Z"></path></svg></span></span><span>Casey Newton</span></span></span><aside id="popover-dmcyOmF1dGhvclByb2ZpbGU6MTI5MjE=-standard_article_details" style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0;visibility:hidden" class="_1wu3rm0 _1se63890" aria-hidden="true"><div class="_1wu3rm1"><button class="_1wu3rm3"><svg class="_1wu3rm4" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 20 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>Close</title><line x1="1.70711" y1="0.831956" x2="18.6483" y2="17.7731" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"></line><line x1="1.35149" y1="17.7734" x2="18.2927" y2="0.832185" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"></line></svg></button><div class="_1bw37384"><img alt="Casey Newton" data-chromatic="ignore" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="_1bw37385 i7ks070" 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https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/01/Casey-Newton-headshot.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2048 2048w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/01/Casey-Newton-headshot.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2400 2400w" src="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/01/Casey-Newton-headshot.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2400"/></div><div class="_1wu3rm5 _1bw37380">Casey Newton</div><div class="_1bw37381"></div><p class="fv263x1">Posts from this author will be added to your daily email digest and your homepage feed.</p><button class="duet--cta--button _11kb06m1 _11kb06m0 fv263x2 _11kb06mg"><span><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 21 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="" aria-label="Follow"><title>Follow</title><path d="M11.5 3H9.5V8.99999H3.5V11L9.5 11V17H11.5V11L17.5 11V9H11.5V3Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span><span>Follow</span></button><p class="fv263x4"><a class="fv263x5" href="/authors/casey-newton">See All by <!-- -->Casey Newton</a></p></div></aside> <span class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup _4aoxp37">is the editor of the Platformer newsletter and cohost of the Hard Fork podcast.</span></div></div></div></div></div><div id="zephr-anchor" class="_1044qiz13"><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">The 2010 film <em>The Social Network</em> was almost entirely made up out of whole cloth, but one point made early in the film continues to ring true. Facebook has long had an obsessive focus with keeping the site up no matter what strain its servers were under, out of sheer competitive fear that users who couldn’t access the site would turn elsewhere and never return.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">That focus on keeping the site up helped Facebook to be competitive in its early years, when rivals like Twitter were routinely sidelined by melting servers. But this year, well into Facebook’s decade of dominance, things have taken a turn for the worse. In July, the company <a href="/2019/7/3/20681050/facebook-picture-stories-outage-instagram-whatsapp-messenger">experienced a day-long outage across Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp</a>. That followed the company’s worst-ever outage in March, <a href="/2019/3/14/18265185/facebook-instagram-whatsapp-outage-2019-return-back">which lasted more than 24 hours</a>.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">As <a href="/interface/2019/7/4/20681733/facebook-outage-internet-myanmar-consequences">I wrote here in July</a>, outages like these are becoming more serious. As Facebook increasingly positions itself as a core part of the world’s communications infrastructure, a day-long outage can have serious consequences — especially if one were to take place during a catastrophe.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">So what’s going on?</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">In July, Facebook’s official explanation for that outage was that routine maintenance had “triggered an issue.” The full story is more interesting — and Mark Zuckerberg shared it with employees during some of the leaked audio that <a href="/2019/10/1/20892354/mark-zuckerberg-full-transcript-leaked-facebook-meetings">we began sharing here last week</a>. So today, here’s the full explanation why Facebook keeps going down. Of note here: the basic answer is that Facebook’s massive size means that even small changes have hugely unpredictable effects, and can bring down the entire network.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">So here’s Zuckerberg’s answer in full. He’s joined on stage part way through by Santosh Janardhan, vice president of engineering. The answer is highly technical — and involves terms like “storm testing,” “traffic drains,” and “slope testing” for which Google offers little explanation. But the basic answer is clear: Facebook ran some tests, and the tests knocked the system over. (The transcript has been lightly edited for clarity.)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><strong>Question: We had several major outages this half. Is our reliability becoming a problem? What is the overarching root cause and how can we fix that?</strong></p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><strong>Mark Zuckerberg:</strong> I’m glad that this is the top question, because it’s something I’ve been thinking about a bunch. We’ve had more downtime this year than the last few years combined. And it is an issue, and especially as we move towards more services in the private social platform area around messaging, that’s such a core utility to people that it’s really important that these services are reliable. Even from just a competition standpoint, what we see is that when we have downtimes in WhatsApp or Instagram Direct, there are people who just don’t come back. They may move their messaging behavior over to iMessage or Telegram or whatever the service is and that’s kind of it.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">And then it takes months to fight and earn back people’s trust and usage of our services. So yes, it’s a big deal. We’re doing worse on this now than we were before. We need to focus more on this ... There have been a few different outages recently ... But at a high level they come from different areas. So it’s not that there’s one technical being, except that just the complexity of the systems is growing. So things that previously would have just been a blip are now things that are causing systems to fall over, and we’re going to need to change the way that we react to that and change, focus a little bit more on reliability in the systems that we’re engineering. So this is going to be more of a focus. We have to get this right. It’s not that it’s currently in a <em>very</em> bad place, but it’s certainly trending worse than it should be. And we need to make sure we do better on this.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><strong>Santosh Janardhan</strong>: I’ll add some color to what Mark was saying. First off, I do want to make sure everybody relaxes. We take this very, very seriously. Now if you think about how we run the site, one of the things we end up doing frequently is that we do a lot of testing. ... Things like this help us understand the limits of the system and help us make the service a lot more resilient.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">... One of the risks that we run when we run these tests is that we risk pushing our system just a little over the edge so that it fails in ways that we didn’t anticipate or plan for. Now this is exactly what happened last week. We were running a load test on … one of our biggest data centers. And we just pushed it over the edge, in our store which is where we store our photos, our videos, our Messenger attachments, your stickers, things of that nature. And it went into a series of cascading failures.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">Now when this happens the recovery becomes long, complex, and the mitigation takes time, which is what ended up happening. I want to touch a little bit on the reliability theme that Mark was alluding to. We will do the short-term things here, do the logs, errors, graphs, put together an error or two and fix the technical issues in the short term. What we are grappling at this point is, are you coming to an inflection point in complexity that ... We’re still thinking through how to approach things.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">For example, in the outage that happened last week, some of our tools and monitors that are designed to help us exactly deal with this actually failed us. They prolonged the outage. ... So we are dealing with a little different beast at this point. So what are we going to do about this? Two different work streams.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">One is that we’re going to do something to literally tackle complexity. We’re going to create and augment new tools. We’re going to do failure testing so that we identify the dependency graphs and run a bunch of bugs. Second is, actually, we want our teams to focus more on what I call fast and graceful recovery. This is something that we have not focused on before. And the last thing here is that this is going to take a little bit of time. We arguably, if you look at across our family of apps, are probably running the busiest online destination on the planet right now. So busy. And many have to tackle complexity that at the same time keep the site humming along. This is going to take some orchestration. We’ll get there. Just bear with us.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><div id="Mkeb1a" class="_1gfm6td1 _1gfm6td0 duet--article--standard-heading _19wv7tc1"><h2 class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup"><strong>The Ratio</strong></h2></div></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><em>Today in news that could affect public perception of the big tech platforms.</em></p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">⬆️<strong>Trending up</strong>: <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/technology/iranian-campaign-hackers-microsoft.html"><strong>Microsoft</strong> successfully thwarted an effort by the government of Iran to hack into the email accounts of the Trump campaign</a>.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">⬇️<strong>Trending down</strong>: <a href="/2019/10/4/20899310/facebook-libra-paypal-online-currency-payment-system-cryptocurrency"><strong>Facebook</strong>’s <strong>Libra</strong> initiative appears to be on the rocks after <strong>PayPal</strong> pulled out</a>. The announcement hit especially hard given that David Marcus, who is running Libra for Facebook, was the top executive at PayPal before coming to Facebook.</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><div id="j4HENd" class="_1gfm6td1 _1gfm6td0 duet--article--standard-heading _19wv7tc1"><h2 class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup"><strong>Governing</strong></h2></div></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">⭐<a href="https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/janelytvynenko/uae-propaganda"><strong>Facebook</strong> shut down 200 accounts associated with coordinated inauthentic behavior targeting Iran and Qatar</a>. The accounts appeared to be professionally run by PR firms based in the Middle East and Africa. The company <a href="https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2019/10/removing-coordinated-inauthentic-behavior-in-uae-nigeria-indonesia-and-egypt/">released a statement about the operations</a>, noting they were focused on spreading propaganda and political news. Jane Lytvynenko and Logan McDonald report at <em>BuzzFeed:</em></p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><blockquote class="duet--article--blockquote _1lkuyz82 _1lkuyz80 _19wv7tc9"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup _1lkuyz89 _1lkuyz88 _19wv7tc1">The UAE–Nigeria network spent close to $150,000 promoting its content on Facebook, and attracted close to 1.4 million followers for the associated pages, according to the Facebook announcement. The Instagram profiles were followed by nearly 70,000 people.</p><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup _1lkuyz89 _1lkuyz88 _19wv7tc1">The action by Facebook today reinforces how malicious actors work across different platforms, run by different companies, to create coordinated disinformation operations, and can remain active even after major platforms take action against them. The UAE–Egypt–Nigeria network also demonstrates how outsourcing of digital trolling to marketing and PR firms is an increasingly popular way to conceal who’s behind information operations.</p></blockquote></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/technology/iranian-campaign-hackers-microsoft.html"><strong>Microsoft</strong> said hackers backed by the Iranian government tried to gain access to the email accounts of people involved in the <strong>Trump</strong> campaign</a>, to influence the 2020 election. The company <a href="https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2019/10/04/recent-cyberattacks-require-us-all-to-be-vigilant/">released a statement about the hacks</a>, noting only four accounts were successfully compromised. (Nicole Perlroth and David E. Sanger / <em>The New York Times</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/jsvine/net-neutrality-fcc-fake-comments-impersonation">The debate over net neutrality (whether internet providers should have to treat traffic from all sites equally) was shaped by a groundswell of online comments — many of which turned out to be fake</a>. A <em>BuzzFeed</em> investigation revealed the decision to scrap the Obama-era rule was shaped in part by a massive manipulation campaign involving political impersonation. (Jeremy Singer-Vine and Kevin Collier / <em>BuzzFeed</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="/2019/10/3/20897665/rudy-giuliani-yermak-twitter-suspension-trump-ukraine"><strong>Rudy Giuliani</strong> was briefly kicked off <strong>Twitter</strong> for tweeting a Ukrainian official’s phone number</a>, essentially doxing him. Twitter said the tweet violated its policy on sharing private information. (Makena Kelly / <em>The Verge</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2019/10/04/politics/fbi-voting-app-hack-investigation/">Someone tried to hack into <strong>Voatz</strong></a>, an app that lets soldiers from West Virginia vote overseas. An FBI investigation is ongoing, but it looks like the culprit might’ve been a student researching security vulnerabilities in the app rather than trying to change votes. (Kevin Collier / CNN)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://demcastusa.com/2019/10/04/fwiw-the-online-impeachment-roundup-%F0%9F%A4%A0/">A fascinating look at the 2020 election campaign through the lens of how much candidates are spending on <strong>Facebook</strong> ads</a>, and how often people are searching the word “impeachment.” (DemCast USA)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/warren-launches-wave-of-facebook-ads-leveraging-mark-zuckerbergs-leaked-audio"><strong>Elizabeth Warren</strong> is fundraising off our leaked audio from <strong>Facebook’s</strong> internal meetings this summer</a>. In a series of Facebook ads showing Zuckerberg’s face, Warren’s campaign wrote “Mark Zuckerberg considers me an ‘existential’ threat to Facebook.” (Taylor Hatmaker /<em> The Daily Beast</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.journalism.org/2019/10/02/americans-are-wary-of-the-role-social-media-sites-play-in-delivering-the-news/?ctr=0&ite=4660&lea=1075739&lvl=100&org=982&par=1&trk=&utm_campaign=19-9-25:+general+distribution+social+media+update+2019&utm_medium=email&utm_source=adaptivemailer">A new study shows 62% of Americans think social media companies have too much control over the news</a>, and 55% think their efforts result in worse news offerings for users. Unsurprisingly, Republicans are the most skeptical, according to Pew Research Center. (Eliza Shearer and Elizabeth Grieco / Pew Research Center)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/05/technology/china-propaganda-patriotism.html">The Chinese government is successfully using pop culture and social media channels to spread propaganda</a>. (Li Yuan / <em>The New York Times</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/7x57v9/most-deepfakes-are-porn-harassment-not-fake-news">Contrary to popular belief, the vast majority of deepfakes are pornographic, not political, in nature</a> according to a study from cybersecurity firm Deeptrace. Almost all of them explicitly target women. (Joseph Cox / <em>Vice</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.cnet.com/news/california-laws-seek-to-crack-down-on-deepfakes-in-politics-and-porn/">California Gov. <strong>Gavin Newsom</strong> is trying to fix both those problems with two new laws aimed at deepfakes</a>. The first, <a href="https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB730">AB 730</a>, makes it illegal to distribute political deepfakes within 60 days of an election. The second, <a href="https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB602">AB 602</a>, gives Californians the right to sue someone who creates deepfakes that place them in pornographic material without consent. (Carrie Mihalcik / CNET)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/opinion/sunday/free-speech-social-media-violence.html">We should stop using free speech as an excuse not to do something about people who promote bigotry and violence</a>, argues Andrew Marantz. He has a new book out about online extremism in which he argues for for more public media and content moderation. (Andrew Marantz / <em>The New York Times</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><div id="RnU8Nv" class="_1gfm6td1 _1gfm6td0 duet--article--standard-heading _19wv7tc1"><h2 class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup"><strong>Industry</strong></h2></div></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">⭐ <a href="/2019/10/4/20899310/facebook-libra-paypal-online-currency-payment-system-cryptocurrency"><strong>PayPal</strong> pulled out of the <strong>Libra Association</strong> — the nonprofit association that governs <strong>Facebook’s</strong> planned cryptocurrency</a>. The news comes amid reports that Mastercard, Visa, and Stripe are also considering withdrawing their support. Nick Statt has a spicy quote from Libra’s policy and communications head at <em>The Verge</em>:</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><blockquote class="duet--article--blockquote _1lkuyz82 _1lkuyz80 _19wv7tc9"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup _1lkuyz89 _1lkuyz88 _19wv7tc1">Later on in the evening, Facebook’s communications team sent along another statement from Disparte, in which the blockchain project’s policy chief appears to criticize PayPal for not having the “fortitude” to stick with something as difficult and demanding as Libra.</p><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup _1lkuyz89 _1lkuyz88 _19wv7tc1">“It requires a certain boldness and fortitude to take on an endeavor as ambitious as Libra — a generational opportunity to get things right and improve financial inclusion,” Disparte writes. “The journey will be long and challenging. The type of change that will reconfigure the financial system to be tilted towards people, not the institutions serving them, will be hard. Commitment to that mission is more important to us than anything else. We’re better off knowing about this lack of commitment now, rather than later.”</p></blockquote></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="/2019/10/4/20899271/apple-ceo-tim-cook-facebook-libra-cryptocurrency-criticism-power-grab">Meanwhile, <strong>Apple CEO Tim Cook</strong> said <strong>Facebook</strong> should never have developed <strong>Libra</strong> at all</a>. “A private company shouldn’t be looking to gain power this way,” Cook told a French newspaper. (Nick Statt / <em>The Verge</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-tim-cook-won-donald-trumps-ear-11570248040">Elsewhere, <strong>Cook</strong> has been cozying up to Trump to score policy victories. </a>Recently, the Apple CEO was able to get iPhones exempted from steep tariffs. He’s also as an adviser to the administration’s workforce policy board, but hasn’t faced the backlash for this that other executives have. (Tripp Mickle / <em>The Wall Street Journal</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/04/snap-ceo-evan-spiegel-smart-glasses-10-years-from-mass-adoption.html?__source=sharebar%7Ctwitter&par=sharebar"><strong>Snap</strong> CEO Evan Spiegel says that widespread adoption of augmented-reality smart glasses is still 10 years out</a>. In August, Snap announced the $380 Spectacles 3, the latest version of the company’s camera-equipped glasses. (Salvador Rodriguez / CNBC)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-weighs-acquisition-of-rival-to-video-app-tiktok-11570213344"><strong>Google</strong> is considering buying <strong>Firework</strong>, an app for users to create and share 30-second videos with strangers</a>. The move could help Google compete with TikTok, though Firework is aimed at a slightly older audience. (Georgia Wells and Rob Copeland / <em>The Wall Street Journal</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/tiktok-tiktokthe-clock-is-ticking-on-the-question-whether-bytedance-pays-creators/articleshow/71438223.cms"><strong>TikTok</strong> has been paying some influencers to create posts and share them on other social networks</a>. The Indian government is investigating whether the company’s approach violated Indian laws around editorial influence on works for hire. (Venkat Ananth and Patanjali Pahwa / <em>Electronic Times</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.si.com/media/2019/10/03/scott-rogowsky-ex-hq-trivia-host-dazn-mlb-show">Ex-<strong>HQ Trivia</strong> host Scott Rogowsky has a new job co-hosting <em>ChangeUp</em></a>, a live show from MLB’s New Jersey studios, for the streaming platform DAZN. I think it’s fair to say that Quiz Daddy’s new show doesn’t have quite the same buzz about it. But then, neither does HQ. (Jacob Feldman / <em>Sports Illustrated</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/entertainment/lele-pons/"><strong>Lele Pons</strong> is credited with coining the phrase “do it for the Vine” on that now-defunct product</a>. Now, she’s a successful influencer on Instagram and YouTube, exemplifying a specific type of social media personality that’s bubbly but also generic. (Sarah Ellison / <em>The Washington Post</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="/2019/10/4/20898907/ninja-twitch-contract-mixer-streaming-microsoft-amazon">Tyler “<strong>Ninja</strong>” Blevins says he left <strong>Twitch </strong>because the <strong>Amazon</strong>-owned streaming service placed too many restrictions on the brand deals he could cut elsewhere</a>. Blevins moved to Microsoft-owned Mixer in August. He’s since scored deals with companies like Adidas and has a small role in Ryan Reynolds’ new movie, <em>Free Guy. </em>(Julia Alexander<em> / The Verge</em>)</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><div id="rowEug" class="_1gfm6td1 _1gfm6td0 duet--article--standard-heading _19wv7tc1"><h2 class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup"><strong>And finally...</strong></h2></div></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1"><a href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/02/politics/fbi-facebook-russia-ads/index.html">The FBI is running Facebook ads targeting Russians in Washington</a></p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">Here are just two perfect sentences from Donie O’Sullivan and David Shortell at CNN:</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><blockquote class="duet--article--blockquote _1lkuyz82 _1lkuyz80 _19wv7tc9"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup _1lkuyz89 _1lkuyz88 _19wv7tc1">The FBI is running ads on Facebook in the Washington DC area seemingly designed to target and recruit Russian spies as well as those who know about their work, CNN has learned.</p><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup _1lkuyz89 _1lkuyz88 _19wv7tc1">One ad seen by CNN features a stock photo of a young woman at her graduation with her family. Russian text overlaid on the image reads, “For your future, for the future of your family.”</p></blockquote></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">Talk about turnabout being fair play! Hats off to the FBI here. The ads are targeted at people in Washington, DC, and some can be <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ads/library/?active_status=all&ad_type=all&country=US&q=FBI%20%E2%80%93%20Federal%20Bureau%20of%20Investigation&view_all_page_id=72092591211">seen through a Facebook ad tracking tool</a>. Enjoy!</p></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><div id="e0QRke" class="_1gfm6td1 _1gfm6td0 duet--article--standard-heading _19wv7tc1"><h2 class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup"><strong>Talk to us</strong></h2></div></div><div class="duet--article--article-body-component"><p class="duet--article--dangerously-set-cms-markup duet--article--standard-paragraph _1044qizi _18mzr4b1 _18mzr4b0 _19wv7tc1">Send us tips, comments, questions, and your Facebook outage stories: <a href="mailto:casey@theverge.com">casey@theverge.com</a> and <a href="mailto:zoe@theverge.com">zoe@theverge.com</a>.</p></div><div class="tly2fw0"><span class="tly2fw2"><strong>Follow topics and authors</strong> from this story to see more like this in your personalized homepage feed and to receive email updates.</span><ul class="tly2fw3"><li id="follow-author-article_footer-dmcyOmF1dGhvclByb2ZpbGU6MTI5MjE="><span aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" tabindex="0"><span 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https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22408832/VRG_ILLO_4499_Decoder_Nick_Clegg.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2048 2048w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22408832/VRG_ILLO_4499_Decoder_Nick_Clegg.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2400 2400w" src="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22408832/VRG_ILLO_4499_Decoder_Nick_Clegg.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2400"/></div><div class="_1ismqji"><div><div><div class=""></div><div><div class="_19wv7tc9 _1d4s5vd3 _1d4s5vd0"><a class="_7uluu50 _7uluu54" href="/2021/3/31/22359026/facebook-nick-clegg-newsfeed-medium-decoder">Nick Clegg doesn’t think Facebook is polarizing</a></div></div><div class="jelpeph jelpepd jelpep0"><span><span class="_1g89o322 _1g89o321 _19wv7tc5"><span><span>Nilay Patel</span></span></span></span><span class="duet--article--timestamp g4xafw2 g4xafw0 _19wv7tc5 _1044qizs"><time dateTime="2021-03-31T10:00:00+00:00">Mar 31, 2021</time></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="duet--content-cards--content-card _1ismqj1 _1ismqj0 _7uluu53 _1ismqj5"><div class="_1ismqj7 _1ismqj6 _1ismqjc _1ismqjh _1cnxcye3"><img alt="Facebook’s latest integrations with Instagram could make it harder for regulators to break up the company" data-chromatic="ignore" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="_1ismqjf i7ks070" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent;background-size:cover;background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' %3E%3Cfilter id='b' color-interpolation-filters='sRGB'%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 100 -1' result='s'/%3E%3CfeFlood x='0' y='0' 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class="_19wv7tc9 _1d4s5vd3 _1d4s5vd0"><a class="_7uluu50 _7uluu54" href="/interface/2020/10/1/21495514/facebook-account-center-instagram-messenger-direct-integration-adam-mosseri-interview">Facebook’s latest integrations with Instagram could make it harder for regulators to break up the company</a></div></div><div class="jelpeph jelpepd jelpep0"><span><span class="_1g89o322 _1g89o321 _19wv7tc5"><span><span>Casey Newton</span></span></span></span><span class="duet--article--timestamp g4xafw2 g4xafw0 _19wv7tc5 _1044qizs"><time dateTime="2020-10-01T10:00:00+00:00">Oct 1, 2020</time></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="duet--content-cards--content-card _1ismqj1 _1ismqj0 _7uluu53 _1ismqj5"><div class="_1ismqj7 _1ismqj6 _1ismqjc _1ismqjh _1cnxcye3"><img alt="Why Coinbase will struggle to ban politics from the workplace" data-chromatic="ignore" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="_1ismqjf i7ks070" 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https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/9575839/cryptocurrency_0004.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2400 2400w" src="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/9575839/cryptocurrency_0004.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2400"/></div><div class="_1ismqji"><div><div><div class=""></div><div><div class="_19wv7tc9 _1d4s5vd3 _1d4s5vd0"><a class="_7uluu50 _7uluu54" href="/interface/2020/9/30/21493906/brian-armstrong-coinbase-blog-post-politics-workplace-activism">Why Coinbase will struggle to ban politics from the workplace</a></div></div><div class="jelpeph jelpepd jelpep0"><span><span class="_1g89o322 _1g89o321 _19wv7tc5"><span><span>Casey Newton</span></span></span></span><span class="duet--article--timestamp g4xafw2 g4xafw0 _19wv7tc5 _1044qizs"><time dateTime="2020-09-30T10:00:00+00:00">Sep 30, 2020</time></span></div></div></div></div></div><div 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https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/10595581/jbareham_180405_1777_facebook_0003.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=1920 1920w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/10595581/jbareham_180405_1777_facebook_0003.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2048 2048w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/10595581/jbareham_180405_1777_facebook_0003.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2400 2400w" src="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/10595581/jbareham_180405_1777_facebook_0003.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C0%2C100%2C100&w=2400"/></div><div class="_1ismqji"><div><div><div class=""></div><div><div class="_19wv7tc9 _1d4s5vd3 _1d4s5vd0"><a class="_7uluu50 _7uluu54" href="/interface/2020/9/29/21472092/real-facebook-oversight-board-stunt-activism-limitations">How a fake “Real Oversight Board” is putting pressure on Facebook</a></div></div><div class="jelpeph jelpepd jelpep0"><span><span class="_1g89o322 _1g89o321 _19wv7tc5"><span><span>Casey Newton</span></span></span></span><span class="duet--article--timestamp g4xafw2 g4xafw0 _19wv7tc5 _1044qizs"><time dateTime="2020-09-29T10:00:00+00:00">Sep 29, 2020</time></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="duet--content-cards--content-card _1ismqj1 _1ismqj0 _7uluu53 _1ismqj5"><div class="_1ismqj7 _1ismqj6 _1ismqjc _1ismqjh _1cnxcye3"><img alt="Telepath is a buzzy new social network trying to fix what’s broken on Twitter" data-chromatic="ignore" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="_1ismqjf i7ks070" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent;background-size:cover;background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' %3E%3Cfilter id='b' color-interpolation-filters='sRGB'%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 100 -1' result='s'/%3E%3CfeFlood x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25'/%3E%3CfeComposite operator='out' in='s'/%3E%3CfeComposite in2='SourceGraphic'/%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Cimage width='100%25' height='100%25' x='0' y='0' preserveAspectRatio='none' style='filter: url(%23b);' href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mN8+R8AAtcB6oaHtZcAAAAASUVORK5CYII='/%3E%3C/svg%3E")" sizes="100px" srcSet="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=14.444444444444%2C0%2C71.111111111111%2C100&w=32 32w, 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https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=14.444444444444%2C0%2C71.111111111111%2C100&w=1440 1440w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=14.444444444444%2C0%2C71.111111111111%2C100&w=1920 1920w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=14.444444444444%2C0%2C71.111111111111%2C100&w=2048 2048w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=14.444444444444%2C0%2C71.111111111111%2C100&w=2400 2400w" src="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=14.444444444444%2C0%2C71.111111111111%2C100&w=2400"/><img alt="Telepath is a buzzy new social network trying to fix what’s broken on Twitter" data-chromatic="ignore" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="_1ismqjg i7ks070" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent;background-size:cover;background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' %3E%3Cfilter id='b' color-interpolation-filters='sRGB'%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 100 -1' result='s'/%3E%3CfeFlood x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25'/%3E%3CfeComposite operator='out' in='s'/%3E%3CfeComposite in2='SourceGraphic'/%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Cimage width='100%25' height='100%25' x='0' y='0' preserveAspectRatio='none' style='filter: url(%23b);' href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mN8+R8AAtcB6oaHtZcAAAAASUVORK5CYII='/%3E%3C/svg%3E")" sizes="195px" srcSet="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=32 32w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=48 48w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=64 64w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=96 96w, 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https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=1080 1080w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=1200 1200w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=1440 1440w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=1920 1920w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=2048 2048w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=2400 2400w" src="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/21908070/Telepath.png?quality=90&strip=all&crop=0%2C3.125%2C100%2C93.75&w=2400"/></div><div class="_1ismqji"><div><div><div class=""></div><div><div class="_19wv7tc9 _1d4s5vd3 _1d4s5vd0"><a class="_7uluu50 _7uluu54" href="/interface/2020/9/25/21454441/telepath-app-beta-richard-henry-marc-bodnick-quora-content-moderation-kindness">Telepath is a buzzy new social network trying to fix what’s broken on Twitter</a></div></div><div class="jelpeph jelpepd jelpep0"><span><span class="_1g89o322 _1g89o321 _19wv7tc5"><span><span>Casey Newton</span></span></span></span><span class="duet--article--timestamp g4xafw2 g4xafw0 _19wv7tc5 _1044qizs"><time dateTime="2020-09-25T15:49:47+00:00">Sep 25, 2020</time></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="duet--content-cards--content-card _1ismqj1 _1ismqj0 _7uluu53 _1ismqjk _1ismqjl _1ismqj5"><div class="_1ismqj7 _1ismqj6 _1ismqjc _1ismqjh _1cnxcye3"><img alt="A new lawsuit may force YouTube to own up to the mental health consequences of content moderation" data-chromatic="ignore" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="_1ismqjf i7ks070" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent;background-size:cover;background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' %3E%3Cfilter id='b' color-interpolation-filters='sRGB'%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 100 -1' result='s'/%3E%3CfeFlood x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25'/%3E%3CfeComposite operator='out' in='s'/%3E%3CfeComposite in2='SourceGraphic'/%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Cimage width='100%25' height='100%25' x='0' y='0' preserveAspectRatio='none' style='filter: url(%23b);' href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mN8+R8AAtcB6oaHtZcAAAAASUVORK5CYII='/%3E%3C/svg%3E")" sizes="100px" srcSet="https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/10581347/acastro_180321_1777_youtube_0002.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=16.666666666667%2C0%2C66.666666666667%2C100&w=32 32w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/10581347/acastro_180321_1777_youtube_0002.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=16.666666666667%2C0%2C66.666666666667%2C100&w=48 48w, https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/10581347/acastro_180321_1777_youtube_0002.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&crop=16.666666666667%2C0%2C66.666666666667%2C100&w=64 64w, 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Interface","path":"/interface","slug":"interface","newsletter":null,"id":"dmcyOmNhdGVnb3J5OjEzMjIw","parent":{"title":"Policy","path":"/policy","parent":null,"id":"dmcyOmNhdGVnb3J5OjEwNg==","permalink":"https://www.theverge.com/policy"},"isHub":true,"permalink":"https://www.theverge.com/interface"}],"internalCategories":[],"internalSuperCats":[],"blocks":[{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"The 2010 film \u003cem\u003eThe Social Network\u003c/em\u003e was almost entirely made up out of whole cloth, but one point made early in the film continues to ring true. Facebook has long had an obsessive focus with keeping the site up no matter what strain its servers were under, out of sheer competitive fear that users who couldn\u0026rsquo;t access the site would turn elsewhere and never return."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"That focus on keeping the site up helped Facebook to be competitive in its early years, when rivals like Twitter were routinely sidelined by melting servers. But this year, well into Facebook\u0026rsquo;s decade of dominance, things have taken a turn for the worse. In July, the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/7/3/20681050/facebook-picture-stories-outage-instagram-whatsapp-messenger\"\u003eexperienced a day-long outage across Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp\u003c/a\u003e. That followed the company\u0026rsquo;s worst-ever outage in March, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/14/18265185/facebook-instagram-whatsapp-outage-2019-return-back\"\u003ewhich lasted more than 24 hours\u003c/a\u003e."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"As \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/interface/2019/7/4/20681733/facebook-outage-internet-myanmar-consequences\"\u003eI wrote here in July\u003c/a\u003e, outages like these are becoming more serious. As Facebook increasingly positions itself as a core part of the world\u0026rsquo;s communications infrastructure, a day-long outage can have serious consequences \u0026mdash; especially if one were to take place during a catastrophe."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"So what\u0026rsquo;s going on?"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"In July, Facebook\u0026rsquo;s official explanation for that outage was that routine maintenance had \u0026ldquo;triggered an issue.\u0026rdquo; The full story is more interesting \u0026mdash; and Mark Zuckerberg shared it with employees during some of the leaked audio that \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/1/20892354/mark-zuckerberg-full-transcript-leaked-facebook-meetings\"\u003ewe began sharing here last week\u003c/a\u003e. So today, here\u0026rsquo;s the full explanation why Facebook keeps going down. Of note here: the basic answer is that Facebook\u0026rsquo;s massive size means that even small changes have hugely unpredictable effects, and can bring down the entire network."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"So here\u0026rsquo;s Zuckerberg\u0026rsquo;s answer in full. He\u0026rsquo;s joined on stage part way through by Santosh Janardhan, vice president of engineering. The answer is highly technical \u0026mdash; and involves terms like \u0026ldquo;storm testing,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;traffic drains,\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;slope testing\u0026rdquo; for which Google offers little explanation. But the basic answer is clear: Facebook ran some tests, and the tests knocked the system over. (The transcript has been lightly edited for clarity.)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003cstrong\u003eQuestion: We had several major outages this half. Is our reliability becoming a problem? What is the overarching root cause and how can we fix that?\u003c/strong\u003e"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003cstrong\u003eMark Zuckerberg:\u003c/strong\u003e I\u0026rsquo;m glad that this is the top question, because it\u0026rsquo;s something I\u0026rsquo;ve been thinking about a bunch. We\u0026rsquo;ve had more downtime this year than the last few years combined. And it is an issue, and especially as we move towards more services in the private social platform area around messaging, that\u0026rsquo;s such a core utility to people that it\u0026rsquo;s really important that these services are reliable. Even from just a competition standpoint, what we see is that when we have downtimes in WhatsApp or Instagram Direct, there are people who just don\u0026rsquo;t come back. They may move their messaging behavior over to iMessage or Telegram or whatever the service is and that\u0026rsquo;s kind of it."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"And then it takes months to fight and earn back people\u0026rsquo;s trust and usage of our services. So yes, it\u0026rsquo;s a big deal. We\u0026rsquo;re doing worse on this now than we were before. We need to focus more on this ... There have been a few different outages recently ... But at a high level they come from different areas. So it\u0026rsquo;s not that there\u0026rsquo;s one technical being, except that just the complexity of the systems is growing. So things that previously would have just been a blip are now things that are causing systems to fall over, and we\u0026rsquo;re going to need to change the way that we react to that and change, focus a little bit more on reliability in the systems that we\u0026rsquo;re engineering. So this is going to be more of a focus. We have to get this right. It\u0026rsquo;s not that it\u0026rsquo;s currently in a \u003cem\u003every\u003c/em\u003e bad place, but it\u0026rsquo;s certainly trending worse than it should be. And we need to make sure we do better on this."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003cstrong\u003eSantosh Janardhan\u003c/strong\u003e: I\u0026rsquo;ll add some color to what Mark was saying. First off, I do want to make sure everybody relaxes. We take this very, very seriously. Now if you think about how we run the site, one of the things we end up doing frequently is that we do a lot of testing. ... Things like this help us understand the limits of the system and help us make the service a lot more resilient."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"... One of the risks that we run when we run these tests is that we risk pushing our system just a little over the edge so that it fails in ways that we didn\u0026rsquo;t anticipate or plan for. Now this is exactly what happened last week. We were running a load test on \u0026hellip; one of our biggest data centers. And we just pushed it over the edge, in our store which is where we store our photos, our videos, our Messenger attachments, your stickers, things of that nature. And it went into a series of cascading failures."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"Now when this happens the recovery becomes long, complex, and the mitigation takes time, which is what ended up happening. I want to touch a little bit on the reliability theme that Mark was alluding to. We will do the short-term things here, do the logs, errors, graphs, put together an error or two and fix the technical issues in the short term. What we are grappling at this point is, are you coming to an inflection point in complexity that ... We\u0026rsquo;re still thinking through how to approach things."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"For example, in the outage that happened last week, some of our tools and monitors that are designed to help us exactly deal with this actually failed us. They prolonged the outage. ... So we are dealing with a little different beast at this point. So what are we going to do about this? Two different work streams."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"One is that we\u0026rsquo;re going to do something to literally tackle complexity. We\u0026rsquo;re going to create and augment new tools. We\u0026rsquo;re going to do failure testing so that we identify the dependency graphs and run a bunch of bugs. Second is, actually, we want our teams to focus more on what I call fast and graceful recovery. This is something that we have not focused on before. And the last thing here is that this is going to take a little bit of time. We arguably, if you look at across our family of apps, are probably running the busiest online destination on the planet right now. So busy. And many have to tackle complexity that at the same time keep the site humming along. This is going to take some orchestration. We\u0026rsquo;ll get there. Just bear with us."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreHeadingBlockType","__typename":"CoreHeadingBlockType","contents":{"html":"\u003cstrong\u003eThe Ratio\u003c/strong\u003e"},"headingId":"Mkeb1a","level":2,"placement":"default"},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003cem\u003eToday in news that could affect public perception of the big tech platforms.\u003c/em\u003e"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"⬆️\u003cstrong\u003eTrending up\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/technology/iranian-campaign-hackers-microsoft.html\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMicrosoft\u003c/strong\u003e successfully thwarted an effort by the government of Iran to hack into the email accounts of the Trump campaign\u003c/a\u003e."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"⬇️\u003cstrong\u003eTrending down\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/4/20899310/facebook-libra-paypal-online-currency-payment-system-cryptocurrency\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFacebook\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026rsquo;s \u003cstrong\u003eLibra\u003c/strong\u003e initiative appears to be on the rocks after \u003cstrong\u003ePayPal\u003c/strong\u003e pulled out\u003c/a\u003e. The announcement hit especially hard given that David Marcus, who is running Libra for Facebook, was the top executive at PayPal before coming to Facebook."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreHeadingBlockType","__typename":"CoreHeadingBlockType","contents":{"html":"\u003cstrong\u003eGoverning\u003c/strong\u003e"},"headingId":"j4HENd","level":2,"placement":"default"},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"⭐\u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/janelytvynenko/uae-propaganda\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFacebook\u003c/strong\u003e shut down 200 accounts associated with coordinated inauthentic behavior targeting Iran and Qatar\u003c/a\u003e. The accounts appeared to be professionally run by PR firms based in the Middle East and Africa. The company \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2019/10/removing-coordinated-inauthentic-behavior-in-uae-nigeria-indonesia-and-egypt/\"\u003ereleased a statement about the operations\u003c/a\u003e, noting they were focused on spreading propaganda and political news. Jane Lytvynenko and Logan McDonald report at \u003cem\u003eBuzzFeed:\u003c/em\u003e"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreQuoteBlockType","__typename":"CoreQuoteBlockType","children":[{"__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"The UAE\u0026ndash;Nigeria network spent close to $150,000 promoting its content on Facebook, and attracted close to 1.4 million followers for the associated pages, according to the Facebook announcement. The Instagram profiles were followed by nearly 70,000 people."}]},{"__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"The action by Facebook today reinforces how malicious actors work across different platforms, run by different companies, to create coordinated disinformation operations, and can remain active even after major platforms take action against them. The UAE\u0026ndash;Egypt\u0026ndash;Nigeria network also demonstrates how outsourcing of digital trolling to marketing and PR firms is an increasingly popular way to conceal who\u0026rsquo;s behind information operations."}]}],"citation":{"html":""}},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/technology/iranian-campaign-hackers-microsoft.html\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMicrosoft\u003c/strong\u003e said hackers backed by the Iranian government tried to gain access to the email accounts of people involved in the \u003cstrong\u003eTrump\u003c/strong\u003e campaign\u003c/a\u003e, to influence the 2020 election. The company \u003ca href=\"https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2019/10/04/recent-cyberattacks-require-us-all-to-be-vigilant/\"\u003ereleased a statement about the hacks\u003c/a\u003e, noting only four accounts were successfully compromised. (Nicole Perlroth and David E. Sanger / \u003cem\u003eThe New York Times\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/jsvine/net-neutrality-fcc-fake-comments-impersonation\"\u003eThe debate over net neutrality (whether internet providers should have to treat traffic from all sites equally) was shaped by a groundswell of online comments \u0026mdash; many of which turned out to be fake\u003c/a\u003e. A \u003cem\u003eBuzzFeed\u003c/em\u003e investigation revealed the decision to scrap the Obama-era rule was shaped in part by a massive manipulation campaign involving political impersonation. (Jeremy Singer-Vine and Kevin Collier / \u003cem\u003eBuzzFeed\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/3/20897665/rudy-giuliani-yermak-twitter-suspension-trump-ukraine\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRudy Giuliani\u003c/strong\u003e was briefly kicked off \u003cstrong\u003eTwitter\u003c/strong\u003e for tweeting a Ukrainian official\u0026rsquo;s phone number\u003c/a\u003e, essentially doxing him. Twitter said the tweet violated its policy on sharing private information. (Makena Kelly / \u003cem\u003eThe Verge\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://edition.cnn.com/2019/10/04/politics/fbi-voting-app-hack-investigation/\"\u003eSomeone tried to hack into \u003cstrong\u003eVoatz\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e, an app that lets soldiers from West Virginia vote overseas. An FBI investigation is ongoing, but it looks like the culprit might\u0026rsquo;ve been a student researching security vulnerabilities in the app rather than trying to change votes. (Kevin Collier / CNN)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://demcastusa.com/2019/10/04/fwiw-the-online-impeachment-roundup-%F0%9F%A4%A0/\"\u003eA fascinating look at the 2020 election campaign through the lens of how much candidates are spending on \u003cstrong\u003eFacebook\u003c/strong\u003e ads\u003c/a\u003e, and how often people are searching the word \u0026ldquo;impeachment.\u0026rdquo; (DemCast USA)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/warren-launches-wave-of-facebook-ads-leveraging-mark-zuckerbergs-leaked-audio\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eElizabeth Warren\u003c/strong\u003e is fundraising off our leaked audio from \u003cstrong\u003eFacebook\u0026rsquo;s\u003c/strong\u003e internal meetings this summer\u003c/a\u003e. In a series of Facebook ads showing Zuckerberg\u0026rsquo;s face, Warren\u0026rsquo;s campaign wrote \u0026ldquo;Mark Zuckerberg considers me an \u0026lsquo;existential\u0026rsquo; threat to Facebook.\u0026rdquo; (Taylor Hatmaker /\u003cem\u003e The Daily Beast\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.journalism.org/2019/10/02/americans-are-wary-of-the-role-social-media-sites-play-in-delivering-the-news/?ctr=0\u0026ite=4660\u0026lea=1075739\u0026lvl=100\u0026org=982\u0026par=1\u0026trk=\u0026utm_campaign=19-9-25:+general+distribution+social+media+update+2019\u0026utm_medium=email\u0026utm_source=adaptivemailer\"\u003eA new study shows 62% of Americans think social media companies have too much control over the news\u003c/a\u003e, and 55% think their efforts result in worse news offerings for users. Unsurprisingly, Republicans are the most skeptical, according to Pew Research Center. (Eliza Shearer and Elizabeth Grieco / Pew Research Center)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/05/technology/china-propaganda-patriotism.html\"\u003eThe Chinese government is successfully using pop culture and social media channels to spread propaganda\u003c/a\u003e. (Li Yuan / \u003cem\u003eThe New York Times\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/7x57v9/most-deepfakes-are-porn-harassment-not-fake-news\"\u003eContrary to popular belief, the vast majority of deepfakes are pornographic, not political, in nature\u003c/a\u003e according to a study from cybersecurity firm Deeptrace. Almost all of them explicitly target women. (Joseph Cox / \u003cem\u003eVice\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/california-laws-seek-to-crack-down-on-deepfakes-in-politics-and-porn/\"\u003eCalifornia Gov. \u003cstrong\u003eGavin Newsom\u003c/strong\u003e is trying to fix both those problems with two new laws aimed at deepfakes\u003c/a\u003e. The first, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB730\"\u003eAB 730\u003c/a\u003e, makes it illegal to distribute political deepfakes within 60 days of an election. The second, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB602\"\u003eAB 602\u003c/a\u003e, gives Californians the right to sue someone who creates deepfakes that place them in pornographic material without consent. (Carrie Mihalcik / CNET)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/opinion/sunday/free-speech-social-media-violence.html\"\u003eWe should stop using free speech as an excuse not to do something about people who promote bigotry and violence\u003c/a\u003e, argues Andrew Marantz. He has a new book out about online extremism in which he argues for for more public media and content moderation. (Andrew Marantz / \u003cem\u003eThe New York Times\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreHeadingBlockType","__typename":"CoreHeadingBlockType","contents":{"html":"\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry\u003c/strong\u003e"},"headingId":"RnU8Nv","level":2,"placement":"default"},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"⭐ \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/4/20899310/facebook-libra-paypal-online-currency-payment-system-cryptocurrency\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePayPal\u003c/strong\u003e pulled out of the \u003cstrong\u003eLibra Association\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026mdash; the nonprofit association that governs \u003cstrong\u003eFacebook\u0026rsquo;s\u003c/strong\u003e planned cryptocurrency\u003c/a\u003e. The news comes amid reports that Mastercard, Visa, and Stripe are also considering withdrawing their support. Nick Statt has a spicy quote from Libra\u0026rsquo;s policy and communications head at \u003cem\u003eThe Verge\u003c/em\u003e:"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreQuoteBlockType","__typename":"CoreQuoteBlockType","children":[{"__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"Later on in the evening, Facebook\u0026rsquo;s communications team sent along another statement from Disparte, in which the blockchain project\u0026rsquo;s policy chief appears to criticize PayPal for not having the \u0026ldquo;fortitude\u0026rdquo; to stick with something as difficult and demanding as Libra."}]},{"__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u0026ldquo;It requires a certain boldness and fortitude to take on an endeavor as ambitious as Libra \u0026mdash; a generational opportunity to get things right and improve financial inclusion,\u0026rdquo; Disparte writes. \u0026ldquo;The journey will be long and challenging. The type of change that will reconfigure the financial system to be tilted towards people, not the institutions serving them, will be hard. Commitment to that mission is more important to us than anything else. We\u0026rsquo;re better off knowing about this lack of commitment now, rather than later.\u0026rdquo;"}]}],"citation":{"html":""}},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/4/20899271/apple-ceo-tim-cook-facebook-libra-cryptocurrency-criticism-power-grab\"\u003eMeanwhile, \u003cstrong\u003eApple CEO Tim Cook\u003c/strong\u003e said \u003cstrong\u003eFacebook\u003c/strong\u003e should never have developed \u003cstrong\u003eLibra\u003c/strong\u003e at all\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026ldquo;A private company shouldn\u0026rsquo;t be looking to gain power this way,\u0026rdquo; Cook told a French newspaper. (Nick Statt / \u003cem\u003eThe Verge\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-tim-cook-won-donald-trumps-ear-11570248040\"\u003eElsewhere, \u003cstrong\u003eCook\u003c/strong\u003e has been cozying up to Trump to score policy victories. \u003c/a\u003eRecently, the Apple CEO was able to get iPhones exempted from steep tariffs. He\u0026rsquo;s also as an adviser to the administration\u0026rsquo;s workforce policy board, but hasn\u0026rsquo;t faced the backlash for this that other executives have. (Tripp Mickle / \u003cem\u003eThe Wall Street Journal\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/04/snap-ceo-evan-spiegel-smart-glasses-10-years-from-mass-adoption.html?__source=sharebar%7Ctwitter\u0026par=sharebar\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSnap\u003c/strong\u003e CEO Evan Spiegel says that widespread adoption of augmented-reality smart glasses is still 10 years out\u003c/a\u003e. In August, Snap announced the $380 Spectacles 3, the latest version of the company\u0026rsquo;s camera-equipped glasses. (Salvador Rodriguez / CNBC)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-weighs-acquisition-of-rival-to-video-app-tiktok-11570213344\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGoogle\u003c/strong\u003e is considering buying \u003cstrong\u003eFirework\u003c/strong\u003e, an app for users to create and share 30-second videos with strangers\u003c/a\u003e. The move could help Google compete with TikTok, though Firework is aimed at a slightly older audience. (Georgia Wells and Rob Copeland / \u003cem\u003eThe Wall Street Journal\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/tiktok-tiktokthe-clock-is-ticking-on-the-question-whether-bytedance-pays-creators/articleshow/71438223.cms\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTikTok\u003c/strong\u003e has been paying some influencers to create posts and share them on other social networks\u003c/a\u003e. The Indian government is investigating whether the company\u0026rsquo;s approach violated Indian laws around editorial influence on works for hire. (Venkat Ananth and Patanjali Pahwa / \u003cem\u003eElectronic Times\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.si.com/media/2019/10/03/scott-rogowsky-ex-hq-trivia-host-dazn-mlb-show\"\u003eEx-\u003cstrong\u003eHQ Trivia\u003c/strong\u003e host Scott Rogowsky has a new job co-hosting \u003cem\u003eChangeUp\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e, a live show from MLB\u0026rsquo;s New Jersey studios, for the streaming platform DAZN. I think it\u0026rsquo;s fair to say that Quiz Daddy\u0026rsquo;s new show doesn\u0026rsquo;t have quite the same buzz about it. But then, neither does HQ. (Jacob Feldman / \u003cem\u003eSports Illustrated\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/entertainment/lele-pons/\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLele Pons\u003c/strong\u003e is credited with coining the phrase \u0026ldquo;do it for the Vine\u0026rdquo; on that now-defunct product\u003c/a\u003e. Now, she\u0026rsquo;s a successful influencer on Instagram and YouTube, exemplifying a specific type of social media personality that\u0026rsquo;s bubbly but also generic. (Sarah Ellison / \u003cem\u003eThe Washington Post\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/4/20898907/ninja-twitch-contract-mixer-streaming-microsoft-amazon\"\u003eTyler \u0026ldquo;\u003cstrong\u003eNinja\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026rdquo; Blevins says he left \u003cstrong\u003eTwitch \u003c/strong\u003ebecause the \u003cstrong\u003eAmazon\u003c/strong\u003e-owned streaming service placed too many restrictions on the brand deals he could cut elsewhere\u003c/a\u003e. Blevins moved to Microsoft-owned Mixer in August. He\u0026rsquo;s since scored deals with companies like Adidas and has a small role in Ryan Reynolds\u0026rsquo; new movie, \u003cem\u003eFree Guy. \u003c/em\u003e(Julia Alexander\u003cem\u003e / The Verge\u003c/em\u003e)"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreHeadingBlockType","__typename":"CoreHeadingBlockType","contents":{"html":"\u003cstrong\u003eAnd finally...\u003c/strong\u003e"},"headingId":"rowEug","level":2,"placement":"default"},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/02/politics/fbi-facebook-russia-ads/index.html\"\u003eThe FBI is running Facebook ads targeting Russians in Washington\u003c/a\u003e"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"Here are just two perfect sentences from Donie O\u0026rsquo;Sullivan and David Shortell at CNN:"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreQuoteBlockType","__typename":"CoreQuoteBlockType","children":[{"__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"The FBI is running ads on Facebook in the Washington DC area seemingly designed to target and recruit Russian spies as well as those who know about their work, CNN has learned."}]},{"__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"One ad seen by CNN features a stock photo of a young woman at her graduation with her family. Russian text overlaid on the image reads, \u0026ldquo;For your future, for the future of your family.\u0026rdquo;"}]}],"citation":{"html":""}},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"Talk about turnabout being fair play! Hats off to the FBI here. The ads are targeted at people in Washington, DC, and some can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/ads/library/?active_status=all\u0026ad_type=all\u0026country=US\u0026q=FBI%20%E2%80%93%20Federal%20Bureau%20of%20Investigation\u0026view_all_page_id=72092591211\"\u003eseen through a Facebook ad tracking tool\u003c/a\u003e. Enjoy!"}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false},{"__isBlockType":"CoreHeadingBlockType","__typename":"CoreHeadingBlockType","contents":{"html":"\u003cstrong\u003eTalk to us\u003c/strong\u003e"},"headingId":"e0QRke","level":2,"placement":"default"},{"__isBlockType":"CoreParagraphBlockType","__typename":"CoreParagraphBlockType","paragraphContents":[{"html":"Send us tips, comments, questions, and your Facebook outage stories: \u003ca href=\"mailto:casey@theverge.com\"\u003ecasey@theverge.com\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"mailto:zoe@theverge.com\"\u003ezoe@theverge.com\u003c/a\u003e."}],"dropcap":false,"endmark":false,"lead":false}],"__isResolvedResourceInterface":"PostResourceType","wpId":176769,"globalId":"dmcyOnBvc3Q6MTc2NzY5","__isContentResourceInterface":"PostResourceType","chorusId":20666633,"chorusUuid":"1dd67283-93a0-40a8-8e22-42b02171f4e3","featuredImage":{"image":{"originalUrl":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all","wpId":168796,"id":"dmcyOmltYWdlOjE2ODc5Ng==","thumbnails":{"horizontal":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=0,0,100,100"},"square":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=16.666666666667,0,66.666666666667,100"},"vertical":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=23.333333333333,0,53.333333333333,100"},"social":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=0,10.732984293194,100,78.534031413613","mimeType":"imageJpg","normalizedRatio":1.91,"cropCoordinates":{"height":78.53403141361257,"width":100}}},"title":"","alt":"","originalHeight":1360,"originalWidth":2040},"caption":{"html":"","plaintext":""},"credit":{"plaintext":"Photo by Amelia Holowaty Krales / The Verge","html":"Photo by Amelia Holowaty Krales / The Verge"}},"__isFeedContentResourceInterface":"PostResourceType","authors":[{"id":"dmcyOmF1dGhvclByb2ZpbGU6MTI5MjE=","name":"Casey Newton","permalink":"https://www.theverge.com/authors/casey-newton","shortBio":[{"html":"is the editor of the Platformer newsletter and cohost of the Hard Fork podcast."}],"profileImage":{"thumbnails":{"square":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/01/Casey-Newton-headshot.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=0,0,100,100"}},"id":"dmcyOmltYWdlOjcxNTI1Nw=="},"title":"","posts":{"edges":[{"node":{"__typename":"PostResourceType","publishedAt":"2025-08-18T15:40:21+00:00","id":"dmcyOnBvc3Q6NzYwNTIy"}}]}}],"articlePackage":null,"venues":{"nodes":[]},"streams":{"nodes":[]},"publishedAt":"2019-10-08T10:00:00+00:00","originalPublishedAt":"2019-10-08T10:00:00+00:00","updatedAt":null,"createdAt":"2019-10-08T10:00:00+00:00","dek":{"html":"More highlights from leaked audio inside Facebook","plaintext":"More highlights from leaked audio inside Facebook"},"additionalBylines":"","customBadgeEnabled":false,"customBadgeName":"","site":{"wpId":2,"domain":"www.theverge.com","chorusCommunityId":372,"chorusNetworkId":2,"isCrossCommunity":false},"superCats":[],"ledeMediaData":{"__typename":"LedeMediaImageType","caption":{"html":"","plaintext":""},"credit":{"plaintext":"Photo by Amelia Holowaty Krales / The Verge","html":"Photo by Amelia Holowaty Krales / The Verge"},"hideCredit":false,"image":{"thumbnails":{"horizontal":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=0,0,100,100"},"square":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=16.666666666667,0,66.666666666667,100"},"vertical":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=23.333333333333,0,53.333333333333,100"}},"title":"","credit":{"plaintext":"Photo by Amelia Holowaty Krales / The Verge","html":"Photo by Amelia Holowaty Krales / The Verge"},"id":"dmcyOmltYWdlOjE2ODc5Ng=="}},"robots":{"index":true,"follow":true},"canonicalUrlOverride":"","seo":{"headline":"Why Facebook keeps going down","description":"Facebook is so large that even basic testing can take down the entire network, The Verge has learned. More highlights from leaked audio inside Facebook"},"social":{"headline":"Why Facebook keeps going down","description":"More highlights from leaked audio inside Facebook","image":null},"promo":{"headline":"Why Facebook keeps going down"},"ledeMedia":{"__typename":"LedeMediaImageType","image":{"title":"","alt":"","originalHeight":1360,"originalWidth":2040,"thumbnails":{"social":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=0,10.732984293194,100,78.534031413613","mimeType":"imageJpg","normalizedRatio":1.91,"cropCoordinates":{"height":78.53403141361257,"width":100}},"horizontal":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=0,0,100,100","cropCoordinates":{"height":100,"width":100}},"square":{"url":"https://platform.theverge.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/chorus/uploads/chorus_asset/file/11560001/akrales_180614_1777_0087.jpg?quality=90\u0026strip=all\u0026crop=16.666666666667,0,66.666666666667,100","cropCoordinates":{"height":100,"width":66.66666666666666}}},"id":"dmcyOmltYWdlOjE2ODc5Ng=="}},"status":"publish","excludedFromHomepage":false,"packages":{"nodes":[]},"wordCount":2485,"package":null,"liveStatus":{"startAt":null,"status":false,"endAt":null},"games":{"nodes":[]},"isPaywallEligible":true,"seoArticleBody":"The 2010 film The Social Network was almost entirely made up out of\u0026nbsp;whole cloth, but one point made early in the film continues to ring true. Facebook has long had an obsessive focus with keeping the site up no matter what strain its servers were under, out of sheer competitive fear that users who couldn\u0026rsquo;t access the site would turn elsewhere and never return.\u0026nbsp;\nThat focus on keeping the site up helped Facebook to be competitive in its early years, when rivals like Twitter were routinely sidelined by melting servers. But this year, well into Facebook\u0026rsquo;s decade of dominance, things have taken a turn for the worse.\u0026nbsp;In July, the company experienced a day-long outage across Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. That followed the company\u0026rsquo;s worst-ever outage in March, which lasted more than 24 hours.\nAs I wrote here in July, outages like these are becoming more serious. As Facebook increasingly positions itself as a core part of the world\u0026rsquo;s communications infrastructure, a day-long outage can have serious consequences \u0026mdash;\u0026nbsp;especially if one were to take place during a catastrophe.\nSo what\u0026rsquo;s going on?\nIn July, Facebook\u0026rsquo;s official explanation for that outage was that routine maintenance had \u0026ldquo;triggered an issue.\u0026rdquo; The full story is more interesting \u0026mdash;\u0026nbsp;and Mark Zuckerberg shared it with employees during some of the leaked audio that we began sharing here last week. So today, here\u0026rsquo;s the full explanation why Facebook keeps going down. Of note here: the basic answer is that Facebook\u0026rsquo;s massive size means that even small changes have hugely unpredictable effects, and can bring down the entire network.\nSo here\u0026rsquo;s Zuckerberg\u0026rsquo;s answer in full. He\u0026rsquo;s joined on stage part way through by Santosh Janardhan, vice president of engineering. The answer is highly technical \u0026mdash;\u0026nbsp;and involves terms like \u0026ldquo;storm testing,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;traffic drains,\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;slope testing\u0026rdquo; for which Google offers little explanation. But the basic answer is clear: Facebook ran some tests, and the tests knocked the system over. (The transcript has been lightly edited for clarity.)\nQuestion: We had several major outages this half. Is our reliability becoming a problem? What is the overarching root cause and how can we fix that?\nMark Zuckerberg: I\u0026rsquo;m glad that this is the top question, because it\u0026rsquo;s something I\u0026rsquo;ve been thinking about a bunch. We\u0026rsquo;ve had more downtime this year than the last few years combined. And it is an issue, and especially as we move towards more services in the private social platform area around messaging, that\u0026rsquo;s such a core utility to people that it\u0026rsquo;s really important that these services are reliable. Even from just a competition standpoint, what we see is that when we have downtimes in WhatsApp or Instagram Direct, there are people who just don\u0026rsquo;t come back. They may move their messaging behavior over to iMessage or Telegram or whatever the service is and that\u0026rsquo;s kind of it.\u0026nbsp;\nAnd then it takes months to fight and earn back people\u0026rsquo;s trust and usage of our services. So yes, it\u0026rsquo;s a big deal. We\u0026rsquo;re doing worse on this now than we were before. We need to focus more on this ... There have been a few different outages recently ... But at a high level they come from different areas. So it\u0026rsquo;s not that there\u0026rsquo;s one technical being, except that just the complexity of the systems is growing. So things that previously would have just been a blip are now things that are causing systems to fall over, and we\u0026rsquo;re going to need to change the way that we react to that and change, focus a little bit more on reliability in the systems that we\u0026rsquo;re engineering. So this is going to be more of a focus. We have to get this right. It\u0026rsquo;s not that it\u0026rsquo;s currently in a very bad place, but it\u0026rsquo;s certainly trending worse than it should be. And we need to make sure we do better on this.\nSantosh Janardhan: I\u0026rsquo;ll add some color to what Mark was saying. First off, I do want to make sure everybody relaxes. We take this very, very seriously. Now if you think about how we run the site, one of the things we end up doing frequently is that we do a lot of testing. ... Things like this help us understand the limits of the system and help us make the service a lot more resilient.\n... One of the risks that we run when we run these tests is that we risk pushing our system just a little over the edge so that it fails in ways that we didn\u0026rsquo;t anticipate or plan for. Now this is exactly what happened last week. We were running a load test on \u0026hellip; one of our biggest data centers. And we just pushed it over the edge, in our store which is where we store our photos, our videos, our Messenger attachments, your stickers, things of that nature. And it went into a series of cascading failures.\nNow when this happens the recovery becomes long, complex, and the mitigation takes time, which is what ended up happening. I want to touch a little bit on the reliability theme that Mark was alluding to. We will do the short-term things here, do the logs, errors, graphs, put together an error or two and fix the technical issues in the short term. What we are grappling at this point is, are you coming to an inflection point in complexity that ... We\u0026rsquo;re still thinking through how to approach things.\nFor example, in the outage that happened last week, some of our tools and monitors that are designed to help us exactly deal with this actually failed us. They prolonged the outage. ... So we are dealing with a little different beast at this point. So what are we going to do about this? Two different work streams.\nOne is that we\u0026rsquo;re going to do something to literally tackle complexity. We\u0026rsquo;re going to create and augment new tools. We\u0026rsquo;re going to do failure testing so that we identify the dependency graphs and run a bunch of bugs. Second is, actually, we want our teams to focus more on what I call fast and graceful recovery. This is something that we have not focused on before. And the last thing here is that this is going to take a little bit of time. We arguably, if you look at across our family of apps, are probably running the busiest online destination on the planet right now. So busy. And many have to tackle complexity that at the same time keep the site humming along. This is going to take some orchestration. We\u0026rsquo;ll get there. Just bear with us.\nThe Ratio\nToday in news that could affect public perception of the big tech platforms.\n⬆️Trending up: Microsoft successfully thwarted an effort by the government of Iran to hack into the email accounts of the Trump campaign.\n⬇️Trending down: Facebook\u0026rsquo;s Libra initiative appears to be on the rocks after PayPal pulled out. The announcement hit especially hard given that David Marcus, who is running Libra for Facebook, was the top executive at PayPal before coming to Facebook.\nGoverning\n⭐Facebook shut down 200 accounts associated with coordinated inauthentic behavior targeting Iran and Qatar. The accounts appeared to be professionally run by PR firms based in the Middle East and Africa. The company released a statement about the operations, noting they were focused on spreading propaganda and political news. Jane Lytvynenko and Logan McDonald report at BuzzFeed:\n\u003e The UAE\u0026ndash;Nigeria network spent close to $150,000 promoting its content on Facebook, and attracted close to 1.4 million followers for the associated pages, according to the Facebook announcement. The Instagram profiles were followed by nearly 70,000 people.\n\u003e The action by Facebook today reinforces how malicious actors work across different platforms, run by different companies, to create coordinated disinformation operations, and can remain active even after major platforms take action against them. The UAE\u0026ndash;Egypt\u0026ndash;Nigeria network also demonstrates how outsourcing of digital trolling to marketing and PR firms is an increasingly popular way to conceal who\u0026rsquo;s behind information operations.\nMicrosoft said hackers backed by the Iranian government tried to gain access to the email accounts of people involved in the Trump campaign, to influence the 2020 election. The company released a statement about the hacks, noting only four accounts were successfully compromised. (Nicole Perlroth and David E. Sanger / The New York Times)\nThe debate over net neutrality (whether internet providers should have to treat traffic from all sites equally) was shaped by a groundswell of online comments \u0026mdash;\u0026nbsp;many of which turned out to be fake. A BuzzFeed investigation revealed the decision to scrap the Obama-era rule was shaped in part by a massive manipulation campaign involving political impersonation. (Jeremy Singer-Vine and\u0026nbsp;Kevin Collier / BuzzFeed)\nRudy Giuliani was briefly kicked off Twitter for tweeting a Ukrainian official\u0026rsquo;s phone number, essentially doxing him. Twitter said the tweet violated its policy on sharing private information. (Makena Kelly / The Verge)\nSomeone tried to hack into Voatz, an app that lets soldiers from West Virginia vote overseas. An FBI investigation is ongoing, but it looks like the culprit might\u0026rsquo;ve been a student researching security vulnerabilities in the app rather than trying to change votes. (Kevin Collier / CNN)\nA fascinating look at the 2020 election campaign through the lens of how much candidates are spending on Facebook ads, and how often people are searching the word \u0026ldquo;impeachment.\u0026rdquo; (DemCast USA)\nElizabeth Warren is fundraising off our leaked audio from Facebook\u0026rsquo;s internal meetings this summer. In a series of Facebook ads showing Zuckerberg\u0026rsquo;s face, Warren\u0026rsquo;s campaign wrote \u0026ldquo;Mark Zuckerberg considers me an \u0026lsquo;existential\u0026rsquo; threat to Facebook.\u0026rdquo; (Taylor Hatmaker / The Daily Beast)\nA new study shows 62% of Americans think social media companies have too much control over the news, and 55% think their efforts result in worse news offerings for users. Unsurprisingly, Republicans are the most skeptical, according to Pew Research Center. (Eliza Shearer and Elizabeth Grieco / Pew Research Center)\nThe Chinese government is successfully using pop culture and social media channels to spread propaganda. (Li Yuan / The New York Times)\nContrary to popular belief, the vast majority of deepfakes are pornographic, not political, in nature according to a study from cybersecurity firm Deeptrace. Almost all of them explicitly target women. (Joseph Cox / Vice)\nCalifornia Gov. Gavin Newsom is trying to fix both those problems with two new laws aimed at deepfakes. The first,\u0026nbsp;AB 730, makes it illegal to distribute political deepfakes within 60 days of an election. The second,\u0026nbsp;AB 602, gives Californians the right to sue someone who creates deepfakes that place them in pornographic material without consent.\u0026nbsp;(Carrie Mihalcik / CNET)\nWe should stop using free speech as an excuse not to do something about people who promote bigotry and violence, argues Andrew Marantz. He has a new book out about online extremism in which he argues for for more public media and content moderation. (Andrew Marantz / The New York Times)\nIndustry\n⭐ PayPal pulled out of the Libra Association \u0026mdash; the nonprofit association that governs Facebook\u0026rsquo;s planned cryptocurrency. The news comes amid reports that Mastercard, Visa, and Stripe are also considering withdrawing their support. Nick Statt has a spicy quote from Libra\u0026rsquo;s policy and communications head at The Verge:\n\u003e Later on in the evening, Facebook\u0026rsquo;s communications team sent along another statement from Disparte, in which the blockchain project\u0026rsquo;s policy chief appears to criticize PayPal for not having the \u0026ldquo;fortitude\u0026rdquo; to stick with something as difficult and demanding as Libra.\n\u003e \u0026ldquo;It requires a certain boldness and fortitude to take on an endeavor as ambitious as Libra \u0026mdash; a generational opportunity to get things right and improve financial inclusion,\u0026rdquo; Disparte writes. \u0026ldquo;The journey will be long and challenging. The type of change that will reconfigure the financial system to be tilted towards people, not the institutions serving them, will be hard. Commitment to that mission is more important to us than anything else. We\u0026rsquo;re better off knowing about this lack of commitment now, rather than later.\u0026rdquo;\nMeanwhile, Apple CEO Tim Cook said Facebook should never have developed Libra at all. \u0026ldquo;A private company shouldn\u0026rsquo;t be looking to gain power this way,\u0026rdquo; Cook told a French newspaper. (Nick Statt / The Verge)\nElsewhere, Cook has been cozying up to Trump to score policy victories. Recently, the Apple CEO was able to get iPhones exempted from steep tariffs. He\u0026rsquo;s also as an adviser to the administration\u0026rsquo;s workforce policy board, but hasn\u0026rsquo;t faced the backlash for this that other executives have. (Tripp Mickle / The Wall Street Journal)\nSnap CEO Evan Spiegel says that widespread adoption of augmented-reality smart glasses is still 10 years out. In August, Snap announced the $380 Spectacles 3, the latest version of the company\u0026rsquo;s camera-equipped glasses. (Salvador Rodriguez / CNBC)\nGoogle is considering buying Firework, an app for users to create and share 30-second videos with strangers. The move could help Google compete with TikTok, though Firework is aimed at a slightly older audience. (Georgia Wells and\u0026nbsp;Rob Copeland / The Wall Street Journal)\nTikTok has been paying some influencers to create posts and share them on other social networks. The Indian government is investigating whether the company\u0026rsquo;s approach violated Indian laws around editorial influence on works for hire. (Venkat Ananth and Patanjali Pahwa / Electronic Times)\nEx-HQ Trivia host Scott Rogowsky has a new job co-hosting\u0026nbsp;ChangeUp, a live show from MLB\u0026rsquo;s New Jersey studios, for the streaming platform DAZN. I think it\u0026rsquo;s fair to say that Quiz Daddy\u0026rsquo;s new show doesn\u0026rsquo;t have quite the same buzz about it. But then, neither does HQ. (Jacob Feldman / Sports Illustrated)\nLele Pons is credited with coining the phrase \u0026ldquo;do it for the Vine\u0026rdquo; on that now-defunct product. Now, she\u0026rsquo;s a successful influencer on Instagram and YouTube, exemplifying a specific type of social media personality that\u0026rsquo;s bubbly but also generic. (Sarah Ellison / The Washington Post)\nTyler \u0026ldquo;Ninja\u0026rdquo; Blevins says he left Twitch because the Amazon-owned streaming service placed too many restrictions on the brand deals he could cut elsewhere. Blevins moved to Microsoft-owned Mixer in August. He\u0026rsquo;s since scored deals with companies like Adidas and has a small role in Ryan Reynolds\u0026rsquo; new movie,\u0026nbsp;Free Guy. (Julia Alexander / The Verge)\nAnd finally...\nThe FBI is running Facebook ads targeting Russians in Washington\nHere are just two perfect sentences from Donie O\u0026rsquo;Sullivan and David Shortell at CNN:\n\u003e The FBI is running ads on Facebook in the Washington DC area seemingly designed to target and recruit Russian spies as well as those who know about their work, CNN has learned.\n\u003e One ad seen by CNN features a stock photo of a young woman at her graduation with her family. Russian text overlaid on the image reads, \u0026ldquo;For your future, for the future of your family.\u0026rdquo;\nTalk about turnabout being fair play! Hats off to the FBI here. The ads are targeted at people in Washington, DC, and some can be seen through a Facebook ad tracking tool. Enjoy!\nTalk to us\nSend us tips, comments, questions, and your Facebook outage stories: casey@theverge.com and zoe@theverge.com.","stickyPackage":null}},"errors":[]},{"operationName":"HeroSlotRecircContainerQuery","variables":{"limit":7},"data":{"resource":{"__typename":"HomepageResourceType","title":"The Verge","hero":{"posts":{"nodes":[{"__typename":"PostResourceType","id":"dmcyOnBvc3Q6OTkzMzA4","__isContentResourceInterface":"PostResourceType","__isFeedContentResourceInterface":"PostResourceType","wpId":993308,"globalId":"dmcyOnBvc3Q6OTkzMzA4","chorusId":null,"chorusUuid":null,"resourceType":"post","site":{"isCrossCommunity":false,"wpId":2},"dek":{"html":"Educators were quick to adopt tech-backed coding curricula, but AI appears to face more scrutiny."},"permalink":"https://www.theverge.com/policy/993308/computer-science-ai-education-coding-kids","title":"Schools are catching on to Big Tech’s playbook","publishedAt":"2026-09-10T19:44:20+00:00","authors":[{"name":"Lauren Feiner","path":"/authors/lauren-feiner","id":"dmcyOmF1dGhvclByb2ZpbGU6MjI4","permalink":"https://www.theverge.com/authors/lauren-feiner","shortBio":[{"html":"is a senior policy reporter at The Verge, covering the intersection of Silicon Valley and Capitol Hill. 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