nexus/sreweekly/markdown/393/01-github-teivah-sre-roadmap-an-opinionated-roadmap-to-become-an-sre-conc.md

GitHub – teivah/sre-roadmap: An Opinionated Roadmap to Become an SRE (Concepts > Tools)

• 期号: SRE Weekly Issue #393（2023-10-08）
• 作者: Teiva Harsanyi
• 链接: https://github.com/teivah/sre-roadmap

简介

This repo contains a path to learn SRE, in the form of a list of concepts to familiarize oneself with.

正文

An opinionated roadmap to become an SRE (Concepts > Tools)

• Concepts - Fallacies of distributed computing

  • Synchronous vs. asynchronous
  • Event log vs. message queue
  • Exactly-once delivery
  • Different types of message failure
  • Orchestration vs. choreography
  • Causality
  • CDN
  • Hashing - Consistent hashing
    • Geohashing
    • Perfect hashing
  • Read-heavy vs. write-heavy impacts
  • Federation
  • Latency - Latency, throughput, goodput
    • Latency numbers every programmer should know
    • How to prevent latency variability
    • Tail latency
  • How to reduce sharing
  • Idempotency
  • Load balancer - Concepts
    • Layer 4 vs. layer 7 load balancer
  • Liveness vs. safety properties
  • Microservices: pros and cons
  • REST
  • gRPC
  • Service mesh
  • Source of truth
  • Stateful vs. stateless
  • Total vs. partial order
  • Why can't we rely on the system clock in distributed systems
  • Vector clock

• Cache - When to use a cache

  • Cache-aside vs. read-through
  • Eviction policy
  • Refresh-ahead
  • Write-through vs. write-back
  • Distributed cache
  • Performance cache vs. capacity cache

• Databases - Different types of databases - NoSQL vs. SQL databases

  • Relational vs. document
  • Column-oriented databases
  • Graph databases
  • Vector database
  • Objects-based storage
  • ACID
  • Partitioning - Criteria
    • Methods
    • Replication vs. partition
  • Hotspot
  • CALM theorem
  • CAP theorem
  • PACELC theorem
  • Cardinality
  • Chain replication
  • Consensus
  • Concurrency control
  • Consistency models
  • Isolation levels
  • Serializability
  • Linearizability
  • CRDT
  • Indexes - Tradeoff
    • Primary vs. secondary indexes
  • Denormalization
  • View & materialized view
  • Transaction
  • Distributed transactions downsides
  • Strategies to handle rebalancing
  • Leader election
  • MVCC
  • N+1 select problem
  • Quorum
  • Raft
  • Read repair
  • Single-leader, multi-leader, leaderless replication
  • Split-brain
  • 2PC
  • 3PC
  • WAL
  • Write and read amplification

• Data structure - Probabilistic data structures - Bloom filter

  • Count-min sketch
  • HyperLogLog
  • Storage - LSM tree
    • B-tree
    • SSTable

• Concepts - Difference between availability, resiliency, robustness, fault-tolerance, and reliability

  • Why is it wrong to target 100% availability
  • Blast radius
  • Failure domain
  • Cascading failures
  • Hard vs. soft dependencies
  • Scalability - Concepts
    • Knee point
    • Ceiling
  • Number one source of outages
  • Tail tolerance
  • Toil

• Patterns/Anti-patterns - Bulkhead pattern

  • Circuit breaker
  • Exponential backoff
  • Jitter
  • Graceful degradation
  • Load shedding
  • Retry amplification
  • Backpressure
  • Rate limiting
  • Request hedging

• Practices - Chaos engineering

• Concepts - What's the difference between monitoring and observability

  • Trace vs. metric vs. log
  • Golden signals
  • Observer effect
  • Percentile
  • Streetlight anti-method
  • Time-series based monitoring lies
  • USE method
  • Main metrics for cache
  • Why should we be careful about average performance metrics

• Alerting - Alerting strategy

  • Alerting fatigue concept
  • Characteristic of a good alert
  • Slow vs. fast burn alert

• Concepts - Bake time

  • Feature flag
  • Feature freeze
  • Rollout supervision

• Rollout types - Blue green rollout

  • Canary rollout
  • Progressive rollout
  • Shadow rollout

• Concepts - SLI vs. SLO vs. SLA

  • Error budget

• SLO - Difference between KPIs and SLOs

  • Benefits of having alerts based on SLOs
  • Why is exceeding an SLO not necessarily a good thing
  • SLO for data (freshness, completeness, consistency, etc.)
  • SLO for mobiles
  • SLO for services

• Container

• Container orchestration

• Scripting

• Filesystem

• Memory

• Processes

• Resource utilization

• Network

• ARP protocol

• Bandwidth

• BGP

• CoDel

• CORS

• DNS

• Ping vs. heartbeat

• TCP - TCP vs. UDP

  • Congestion control
  • Connection backlog
  • Flow control
  • Handshake

• HTTP

• HTTP/2

• Head of line blocking

• Health checks: passive vs. active

• Internet model

• NTP

• OSI model

• Routers

• Switch

• Network topologies

• What happens if you type google.com in your browser

• Authentication

• Certificate

• Certificate authority

• Cipher

• Confidentiality

• Encryption

• TLS

• PKI

• Signature

• Core analysis loop

• Correlation vs. causation

• First principle

• Five whys technique

• Incident management - How to address an incident (assess, mitigate, resolve)

  • Incident roles
  • How to write a postmortem
  • 3C principles (Coordinate, Communicate, maintain Control)

• SRE role

• Version control

• Communication - Writing

  • Oral
  • Presentation
  • The XY problem

• Collaboration

• Problem solving

• Curiosity

• Navigating ambiguity

• Staying humble