Files
nexus/sreweekly/articles/491/04-diff-risk-score-ai-driven-risk-aware-software-development.html
2026-09-12 17:23:01 +08:00

1146 lines
90 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters
This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-US">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Engineering at Meta - Engineering at Meta Blog">
<meta property="fb:app_id" content="1425766027653270" />
<link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11">
<link rel="pingback" href="https://engineering.fb.com/xmlrpc.php">
<meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />
<script async src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/dist/js/optimize.min.js"></script>
<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https://yoast.com/product/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress/ -->
<title>Diff Risk Score: AI-driven risk-aware software development - Engineering at Meta</title>
<link rel="canonical" href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/" />
<meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" />
<meta name="twitter:data1" content="Nachi Nagappan" />
<meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" />
<meta name="twitter:data2" content="5 minutes" />
<script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/"},"author":[{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/7e16bab92c7454bf6d0d8c71c7eee8a9"}],"headline":"Diff Risk Score: AI-driven risk-aware software development","datePublished":"2025-08-06T17:50:51+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-11T23:25:10+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/"},"wordCount":1034,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/RiB_RichTeal.jpg","articleSection":["AI Research","DevInfra","ML Applications"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/","url":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/","name":"Diff Risk Score: AI-driven risk-aware software development - Engineering at Meta","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/RiB_RichTeal.jpg","datePublished":"2025-08-06T17:50:51+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-11T23:25:10+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/RiB_RichTeal.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/RiB_RichTeal.jpg","width":825,"height":466},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/2025\/08\/06\/developer-tools\/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Diff Risk Score: AI-driven risk-aware software development"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/","name":"Engineering at Meta","description":"Engineering at Meta Blog","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#organization","name":"Meta","url":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Meta_lockup_positive-primary_RGB.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Meta_lockup_positive-primary_RGB.jpg","width":29011,"height":12501,"caption":"Meta"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Engineering\/","https:\/\/x.com\/fb_engineering"]},[],{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/7e16bab92c7454bf6d0d8c71c7eee8a9","name":"Nachi Nagappan","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g23494c9101089ad44ae88ce9d2f56aac","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Nachi Nagappan"},"url":"https:\/\/engineering.fb.com\/author\/nachi-nagappan\/"}]}</script>
<!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//secure.gravatar.com' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//v0.wordpress.com' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Engineering at Meta &raquo; Feed" href="https://engineering.fb.com/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Engineering at Meta &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://engineering.fb.com/comments/feed/" />
<script async src="https://www.googleoptimize.com/optimize.js?id=OPT-TPNDQC5" onerror="dataLayer.hide.end && dataLayer.hide.end()"></script>
<link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fengineering.fb.com%2F2025%2F08%2F06%2Fdeveloper-tools%2Fdiff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta%2F" />
<link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fengineering.fb.com%2F2025%2F08%2F06%2Fdeveloper-tools%2Fdiff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta%2F&#038;format=xml" />
<style id="wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css">
img:is([sizes=auto i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px}
/*# sourceURL=wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css */
</style>
<style id="wp-emoji-styles-inline-css">
img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
display: inline !important;
border: none !important;
box-shadow: none !important;
height: 1em !important;
width: 1em !important;
margin: 0 0.07em !important;
vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
background: none !important;
padding: 0 !important;
}
/*# sourceURL=wp-emoji-styles-inline-css */
</style>
<style id="wp-block-library-inline-css">
:root{--wp-block-synced-color:#7a00df;--wp-block-synced-color--rgb:122,0,223;--wp-bound-block-color:var(--wp-block-synced-color);--wp-editor-canvas-background:#ddd;--wp-admin-theme-color:#007cba;--wp-admin-theme-color--rgb:0,124,186;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10:#006ba1;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10--rgb:0,107,160.5;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20:#005a87;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20--rgb:0,90,135;--wp-admin-border-width-focus:2px}@media (min-resolution:192dpi){:root{--wp-admin-border-width-focus:1.5px}}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3)}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe)}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec)}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671)}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59)}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf)}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc)}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal)}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge)}:root .has-text-align-center{text-align:center}:root .has-text-align-left{text-align:left}:root .has-text-align-right{text-align:right}.has-fit-text{white-space:nowrap!important}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.aligncenter{clear:both}.items-justified-left{justify-content:flex-start}.items-justified-center{justify-content:center}.items-justified-right{justify-content:flex-end}.items-justified-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.screen-reader-text{word-wrap:normal!important;border:0;clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-break:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-color],[style*=";border-color"],[style*="; border-color"]){border-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-top-color],[style*=";border-top-color"],[style*="; border-top-color"]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-right-color],[style*=";border-right-color"],[style*="; border-right-color"]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-bottom-color],[style*=";border-bottom-color"],[style*="; border-bottom-color"]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-left-color],[style*=";border-left-color"],[style*="; border-left-color"]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-width],[style*=";border-width"],[style*="; border-width"]){border-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-top-width],[style*=";border-top-width"],[style*="; border-top-width"]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-right-width],[style*=";border-right-width"],[style*="; border-right-width"]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-bottom-width],[style*=";border-bottom-width"],[style*="; border-bottom-width"]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-left-width],[style*=";border-left-width"],[style*="; border-left-width"]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}
/*# sourceURL=/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/common.min.css */
</style>
<style id="classic-theme-styles-inline-css">
/*! This file is auto-generated */
.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
/*# sourceURL=/wp-includes/css/classic-themes.min.css */
</style>
<style id="global-styles-inline-css">
:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(6,147,227) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(252,185,0) 0%,rgb(255,105,0) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,105,0) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgb(255, 255, 255), 6px 6px rgb(0, 0, 0);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);}.wp-block-button{--wp--preset--dimension--25: 25%;--wp--preset--dimension--50: 50%;--wp--preset--dimension--75: 75%;--wp--preset--dimension--100: 100%;}:where(body) { margin: 0; }:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;font-style: inherit;font-weight: inherit;letter-spacing: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding-top: calc(0.667em + 2px);padding-right: calc(1.333em + 2px);padding-bottom: calc(0.667em + 2px);padding-left: calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;text-transform: inherit;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}
/*# sourceURL=global-styles-inline-css */
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-12' href='https://engineering.fb.com/_static/??-eJyNjUsOwjAMRC9EaiqghQXiKFVqhzSQn+pEiNuTFJBAbNjZTzNv4BYFBp+UTxBt1sYzFKQpzpVz5WQ4QSUv0CDzCj6KaVJOMWAgJc5jwe7ZKTnAyVgSS6Jxxv90XRbv3YtKUeJVtF3TgguUbZHyJGdFkui+nMbrvxWD8QhjLvvAAY20wgYd+OupspM7tv3+sO533Wb7AImQY4U=' type='text/css' media='all' />
<script id="gdprconsent-js" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-gdpr-consent/dist/gdprconsent.js?ver=2.0.0"></script>
<script id="gdprconsent-js-after">
if (window.gdprSafeTrack) {
window.gdprSafeTrack('https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=391063774');
window.gdprSafeTrack(function() {
var google_analytics_g4 = decodeURIComponent( '391063774' );
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
gtag('js', new Date());
gtag('config', google_analytics_g4);
});
}
if (window.gdprSafeTrack) {
window.gdprSafeTrack(function() {
var google_tag_manager = decodeURIComponent( 'GTM-KZRLGZ8' );
(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer',google_tag_manager);
});
}
if (window.gdprSafeTrack) {
window.gdprSafeTrack(function() {
var facebook_pixel = decodeURIComponent( '660742068067366' );
!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s)
{if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?
n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};
if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';
n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;
t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script',
'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js');
fbq('init', facebook_pixel);
fbq('track', 'PageView');
});
}
//# sourceURL=gdprconsent-js-after
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://engineering.fb.com/_static/??-eJzTLy/QzcxLzilNSS3WzwKiwtLUokoopZebmaeXVayjj0+Rbm5melFiSSpUsX2uraG5hbmZgYmloUkWAK+3Iic=" ></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/understrap/js/popper.min.js?m=1773259670g" ></script><link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/22791" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://engineering.fb.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 7.1" />
<link rel='shortlink' href='https://wp.me/pa0Lhq-5VB' />
<link rel="preload" href="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/fonts/FacebookReader-Medium.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="preload" href="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/fonts/FacebookReader-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="preload" href="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/fonts/Optimistic_Display_W_Md.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous">
<!-- Jetpack Open Graph Tags -->
<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Diff Risk Score: AI-driven risk-aware software development" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/" />
<meta property="og:description" content="The state of the research Diff Risk Score (DRS) is an AI-powered technology built at Meta that predicts the likelihood of a code change causing a production incident, also known as a SEV. Built on …" />
<meta property="article:published_time" content="2025-08-06T17:50:51+00:00" />
<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2025-08-11T23:25:10+00:00" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Engineering at Meta" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/RiB_RichTeal.jpg" />
<meta property="og:image:width" content="825" />
<meta property="og:image:height" content="466" />
<meta property="og:image:alt" content="" />
<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
<meta name="twitter:text:title" content="Diff Risk Score: AI-driven risk-aware software development" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/RiB_RichTeal.jpg?w=640" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<!-- End Jetpack Open Graph Tags -->
<style id="wp-custom-css">
.table-of-contents {
position: sticky;
top: 20px;
background: #fff;
padding: 1em;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
max-width: 250px;
}
</style>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/favicon.ico" />
</head>
<body class="wp-singular post-template-default single single-post postid-22791 single-format-standard wp-theme-understrap wp-child-theme-code-fb-com group-blog">
<div class="hfeed site" id="page">
<!-- ******************* The Navbar Area ******************* -->
<div class="wrapper-fluid wrapper-navbar" id="wrapper-navbar">
<a class="skip-link screen-reader-text sr-only" href="#content">
Skip to content </a>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-std">
<div class="nav-container">
<!-- Your site title as branding in the menu -->
<div class="nav-top-row">
<h1 class="navbar-brand mb-0">
<a rel="home" href="https://engineering.fb.com/" title="Engineering at Meta">
<img class="navbar-brand-logo" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/logo-meta.svg" class="navbar-brand-logo" alt="Engineering at Meta" width="215" height="40" loading="lazy">
</a>
</h1>
<!-- end custom logo -->
<label for="search" class="screen-reader-text">Search this site</label>
<input type="text" id="search" name="search" class="form-control-lg navbar-search" autocomplete="off">
<button class="navbar-toggler navbar-searchbar-toggler"
type="button"
data-toggle="collapse"
data-target="#searchbarDropdown"
aria-controls="searchbarDropdown"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<img src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/icon-search.svg" class="navbar-mobile-search-icon" loading="lazy" width="24" height="25" />
</button>
<!-- desktop language menu (mobile language menu is implemented via jQuery)-->
<div class="notranslate nice-select navbar-language form-control">
</div>
<button class="navbar-toggler collapsed navbar-menu-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavDropdown" aria-controls="navbarNavDropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="navbar-border"></div>
<!-- The WordPress Menu goes here -->
<div id="navbarNavDropdown" class="collapse navbar-collapse"><ul id="main-menu" class="navbar-nav"><li id="menu-item-60" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nav-item menu-item-60 dropdown"><a title="Open Source" href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Open Source <span class="caret"></span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 129 129" enable-background="new 0 0 129 129" width="12px" height="15px">
<polyline points="40 50 80 90 120 50" stroke="#adb1b8" stroke-width="10" stroke-linecap="butt" fill="none" stroke-linejoin="miter"/>
</svg></a>
<ul class=" dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li id="menu-item-12330" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-12330"><a title="Open Source" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/open-source/" class="nav-link">Open Source</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-12331" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item menu-item-12331"><a title="Meta Open Source" href="https://opensource.fb.com" class="nav-link">Meta Open Source</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-2686" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nav-item menu-item-2686 dropdown"><a title="Platforms" href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Platforms <span class="caret"></span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 129 129" enable-background="new 0 0 129 129" width="12px" height="15px">
<polyline points="40 50 80 90 120 50" stroke="#adb1b8" stroke-width="10" stroke-linecap="butt" fill="none" stroke-linejoin="miter"/>
</svg></a>
<ul class=" dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li id="menu-item-65" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-65"><a title="Android" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/android/" class="nav-link">Android</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-66" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-66"><a title="iOS" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/ios/" class="nav-link">iOS</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-67" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-67"><a title="Web" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/web/" class="nav-link">Web</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-2682" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nav-item menu-item-2682 dropdown"><a title="Infrastructure Systems" href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Infrastructure Systems <span class="caret"></span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 129 129" enable-background="new 0 0 129 129" width="12px" height="15px">
<polyline points="40 50 80 90 120 50" stroke="#adb1b8" stroke-width="10" stroke-linecap="butt" fill="none" stroke-linejoin="miter"/>
</svg></a>
<ul class=" dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li id="menu-item-218" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-218"><a title="Core Infra" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/core-infra/" class="nav-link">Core Infra</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-219" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-219"><a title="Data Infrastructure" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/data-infrastructure/" class="nav-link">Data Infrastructure</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-220" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent nav-item menu-item-220"><a title="DevInfra" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/developer-tools/" class="nav-link">DevInfra</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-226" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-226"><a title="Production Engineering" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/production-engineering/" class="nav-link">Production Engineering</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-227" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-227"><a title="Security &amp; Privacy" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/security/" class="nav-link">Security &amp; Privacy</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-18607" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item menu-item-18607"><a title="Research Publications" href="https://research.facebook.com/publications/research-areas/systems-infrastructure/" class="nav-link">Research Publications</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-2683" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nav-item menu-item-2683 dropdown"><a title="Physical Infrastructure" href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Physical Infrastructure <span class="caret"></span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 129 129" enable-background="new 0 0 129 129" width="12px" height="15px">
<polyline points="40 50 80 90 120 50" stroke="#adb1b8" stroke-width="10" stroke-linecap="butt" fill="none" stroke-linejoin="miter"/>
</svg></a>
<ul class=" dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li id="menu-item-215" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-215"><a title="Connectivity" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/connectivity/" class="nav-link">Connectivity</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-216" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-216"><a title="Data Center Engineering" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/data-center-engineering/" class="nav-link">Data Center Engineering</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-217" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-217"><a title="Networking &amp; Traffic" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/networking-traffic/" class="nav-link">Networking &amp; Traffic</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-18608" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item menu-item-18608"><a title="Research Publications" href="https://research.facebook.com/publications/research-areas/networking-connectivity/" class="nav-link">Research Publications</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-2684" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nav-item menu-item-2684 dropdown"><a title="Video Engineering &amp; AR/VR" href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Video Engineering &amp; AR/VR <span class="caret"></span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 129 129" enable-background="new 0 0 129 129" width="12px" height="15px">
<polyline points="40 50 80 90 120 50" stroke="#adb1b8" stroke-width="10" stroke-linecap="butt" fill="none" stroke-linejoin="miter"/>
</svg></a>
<ul class=" dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li id="menu-item-225" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-225"><a title="Video Engineering" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/video-engineering/" class="nav-link">Video Engineering</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-223" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item menu-item-223"><a title="Virtual Reality" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/virtual-reality/" class="nav-link">Virtual Reality</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-13388" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item menu-item-13388"><a title="Research Publications" href="https://research.facebook.com/publications/research-areas/augmented-reality-virtual-reality/" class="nav-link">Research Publications</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-2685" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nav-item menu-item-2685 dropdown"><a title="Artificial Intelligence" href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Artificial Intelligence <span class="caret"></span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 129 129" enable-background="new 0 0 129 129" width="12px" height="15px">
<polyline points="40 50 80 90 120 50" stroke="#adb1b8" stroke-width="10" stroke-linecap="butt" fill="none" stroke-linejoin="miter"/>
</svg></a>
<ul class=" dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li id="menu-item-222" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent nav-item menu-item-222"><a title="ML Applications" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/ml-applications/" class="nav-link">ML Applications</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-221" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent nav-item menu-item-221"><a title="AI Research" href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/ai-research/" class="nav-link">AI Research</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-13387" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item menu-item-13387"><a title="Research Publications" href="https://ai.facebook.com/results/?content_types%5B0%5D=publication" class="nav-link">Research Publications</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-228" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item menu-item-228"><a title="Watch Videos" href="/videos" class="nav-link">Watch Videos</a></li>
</ul></div> </div><!-- .container -->
<div class="search-container collapse" id="searchbarDropdown">
<div class="searchbar-search">
<div class="searchbar-container">
<div class="navbar-mobile-search-margin"></div>
<input type="text" name="search" placeholder="Search" class="form-control-lg navbar-mobile-search" autofocus autocomplete="off">
<button class="searchbar-clear">
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</nav><!-- .site-navigation -->
</div><!-- .wrapper-navbar end -->
<div class="wrapper" id="single-wrapper">
<div class="single-container row" id="content" tabindex="-1">
<!-- Do the left sidebar check. -->
<div class="content-area" id="primary">
<main class="site-main" id="main">
<article class="post-22791 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ai-research category-developer-tools category-ml-applications fb_content_type-article" id="post-22791">
<header class="entry-header">
<div class="entry-meta">
POSTED ON <span class="posted-on entry-date"><time class="published updated" datetime="2025-08-06">AUGUST 6, 2025</time></span> TO <span class="cat-links"><a href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/ai-research/" rel="category tag">AI Research</a>, <a href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/developer-tools/" rel="category tag">DevInfra</a>, <a href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/ml-applications/" rel="category tag">ML Applications</a></span>
<h1 class="entry-title"><div>Diff Risk Score: AI-driven risk-aware software development</div></h1> </div><!-- .entry-meta -->
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
<figure id="post-feat-image-container">
<img width="825" height="466" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/RiB_RichTeal.jpg" class="wp-post-image" alt="" /> </figure>
<div class="entry-authors-social">
<div class="entry-authors">
</div>
</div>
<div class="entry-content">
<h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">The state of the research</span></h2>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.06351?ref=engineeringatmeta" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Diff Risk Score (DRS) </a></span><span style="font-weight: 400;">is an AI-powered technology built at Meta that predicts the likelihood of a code change causing a production incident, also known as a SEV. Built on a fine-tuned Llama LLM, DRS evaluates code changes and metadata to produce a risk score and highlight potentially risky code snippets. Today, DRS powers many risk-aware features that optimize product quality, developer productivity, and computational capacity efficiency. Notably, DRS has helped us eliminate major code freezes, letting developers ship code when they historically could not with minimal impact to customer experience and the business.</span></p>
<h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Why it matters</span></h2>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Software development is fraught with risk, especially for intricate, rapidly evolving, and scaled products and technologies. Because Meta operates at a global scale, we need the best tools possible to mitigate risk and to protect both user experience and advertiser outcomes.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">AI is transforming how we build products, so we committed ourselves to applying AI to improve every aspect of the software development process. Production risk was one of the areas we tackled first. We theorized that, if equipped with a model that could predict if a code change might cause a SEV, we could build features and workflows to improve almost every aspect of writing and pushing code.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Since DRS use cases are too numerous to cover in depth here, we’ll focus on one: <a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3722216?ref=engineeringatmeta" target="_blank" rel="noopener">code unfreeze.</a> For Meta, production incidents can drive significant negative user experience and advertiser impact. For this reason, some teams have historically “frozen” major parts of the codebase for sensitive periods like Cyber 5 holiday shopping week, preventing engineers from shipping code to reduce incident risk. For certain teams, it has cut down their holiday shopping code freeze, leading to significant improvements in productivity.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">While this had clear reliability benefits, the tradeoff was a substantial reduction in productivity. DRS enabled a more nuanced approach, letting developers land lower-risk changes during these periods while minimizing production incidents, thus protecting the user experience, the business, and productivity. In fact, DRS has driven meaningful productivity gains across many sensitive periods. During one such period, a major partner event in 2024, we landed 10,000+ code changes (that previously could not have landed during a freeze) with minimal production impact, enabling continued innovation and customer success. What’s more, by managing productivity and risk in this way, we benefit twice: through more code landed and through less engineering time spent detecting, understanding, and mitigating production incidents.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Code unfreeze works well, but it’s just the start of what the technology can do. Understanding risk, even imperfectly and at a statistical level, has driven improvements for Meta in more ways than we anticipated – there are 19 use cases for risk tooling and growing!</span></p>
<h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Where we’re headed next</span></h2>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The success of DRS has spurred the creation of new risk-aware features across Meta that span the entire development lifecycle, from planning to post-release monitoring. The demand to build such features also led us to build the Risk Awareness Platform to provide risk analysis APIs and tool integrations.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">We envision four major directions for risk awareness in the coming months and years.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">First, while we’ve seen an explosion of DRS-powered features on the Risk Awareness Platform, from optimizing build and test selection to improving reliability, selecting code reviewers, and analyzing release risks, we believe this is only the beginning. A critical problem in software engineering is maximizing innovation rate subject to a reliability threshold, so the applications of risk understanding are virtually inexhaustible. We believe code risk can play a significant role in improving this tradeoff, so we will build more risk-aware features while improving their quality. As the risk model, feature data, and user experiences improve, we’ll see greater real-world benefits for people who use Meta’s products and businesses who advertise with Meta.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Second, we will expand beyond code change risk to configuration change risk. While code changes cause the plurality of SEVs at Meta, configuration changes are another large category. For this reason, we’ve expanded the RAP to include models that predict the risk of various config changes. These efforts are state of the art, focused on an open research area, and earlier on the research-to-production continuum, but we believe they will soon power feature families of their own, much like DRS does today.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Third, we want to automate the risk mitigation step. Instead of flagging risky diffs and recommending appropriate reviewers or rollback mechanisms, we want to use AI agents to proactively generate risk-mitigating changes. This can be done for code in motion (i.e. diffs or pull requests) and for code at rest to lower baseline codebase risk. Additionally, once we are armed with a greater understanding of configuration risks, these agents will be able to operate flexibly across both code and config changes.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fourth, we will increasingly use natural language outputs to show humans what these risk-aware technologies are doing and why. By helping engineers understand the rationale behind the risk score, we’ll empower them to either mitigate risks or give the model feedback to improve accuracy. This creates a learning loop for improving both our risk models and the end user experience. LLM explainability remains an open area of research, but our teams are actively working to offer answers to common questions.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">We are excited for the future of risk-aware software development, and we look forward to learning from—and with—our colleagues in industry as we make progress in this valuable domain.</span></p>
<h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Read the papers<br />
</span></h2>
<p class="title mathjax">&#8220;<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.06351" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Moving Faster and Reducing Risk: Using LLMs in Release Deployment</a>&#8220;</p>
<p>&#8220;<a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3722216?ref=engineeringatmeta" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Leveraging Risk Models to Improve Productivity for Effective Code Un-Freeze at Scale</a>&#8221;</p>
<h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Acknowledgements</span></h2>
<p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">We would like to thank all the team members and the leadership that contributed to making the DRS effort successful at Meta. Rui Abreu, David Amsallem, Parveen Bansal, Kaavya Chinniah, Brian Ellis, James Everingham, Peng Fan, Ford Garberson, Jun Ge, Kelly Hirano, Kosay Jabre, David Khavari, Sahil Kumar, Ajay Lingapuram, Yalin Liu, Chandra Maddila, Audris Mockus, Megh Mehta, Vijayaraghavan Murali, Venus Montes, Aishwarya Girish Paraspatki, Akshay Patel, Brandon Reznicek, Peter C Rigby, Maher Saba, Babak Shakibi, Roy Shen, Gursharan Singh, Matt Steiner, Weiyan Sun, Ryan Tracy, Siri Uppalapati, and Nachiappan Nagappan.</span></em></p>
<div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-facebook-22791"
class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=facebook"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-facebook-22791" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>Facebook</span>
</a></li><li class="share-threads"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-threads-22791"
class="share-threads sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=threads"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-threads-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-threads-22791" hidden>Share on Threads (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>Threads</span>
</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-22791"
class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-whatsapp-22791" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>WhatsApp</span>
</a></li><li class="share-linkedin"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-linkedin-22791"
class="share-linkedin sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=linkedin"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-linkedin-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-linkedin-22791" hidden>Share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>LinkedIn</span>
</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-reddit-22791"
class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=reddit"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-reddit-22791" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>Reddit</span>
</a></li><li class="share-x"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-x-22791"
class="share-x sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=x"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-x-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-x-22791" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>X</span>
</a></li><li class="share-bluesky"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-bluesky-22791"
class="share-bluesky sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=bluesky"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-bluesky-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-bluesky-22791" hidden>Share on Bluesky (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>Bluesky</span>
</a></li><li class="share-mastodon"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-mastodon-22791"
class="share-mastodon sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=mastodon"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-mastodon-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-mastodon-22791" hidden>Share on Mastodon (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>Mastodon</span>
</a></li><li class="share-custom share-custom-hackernews"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-custom-22791"
class="share-custom share-custom-hackernews sd-button share-icon"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=custom-1699562127"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-custom-22791"
>
<span id="sharing-custom-22791" hidden>Share on Hacker News (Opens in new window)</span>
<span style="background-image:url(&quot;https://news.ycombinator.com/y18.svg&quot;);">Hacker News</span>
</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
data-shared="sharing-email-22791"
class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Diff%20Risk%20Score%3A%20AI-driven%20risk-aware%20software%20development&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fengineering.fb.com%2F2025%2F08%2F06%2Fdeveloper-tools%2Fdiff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta%2F&#038;share=email"
target="_blank"
aria-labelledby="sharing-email-22791"
data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="bc8f3df59a" data-email-share-track-url="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/?share=email">
<span id="sharing-email-22791" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
<span>Email</span>
</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div>
</div><!-- .entry-content -->
</article><!-- #post-## -->
<footer class="entry-footer">
</footer><!-- .entry-footer -->
<div class="fb-like"
data-href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/"
data-width=""
data-layout="standard"
data-action="like"
data-size="small"
data-share="true">
</div>
<div class="related-articles">
<div class="related-articles__header">
<h3 class="related-articles__header__headline">Read More in AI Research</h3>
<a
aria-label="View all articles in this AI Research"
class="related-articles__header__link"
href="https://engineering.fb.com/category/ai-research/"
>
View All </a>
</div>
<div class="article-grids related-articles__grid">
<div class="row">
<div class="article-grid col-12 col-md-4">
<article class="post post-22791 type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ai-research category-developer-tools category-ml-applications fb_content_type-article" id="post-24419">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Domain-Expert-AI-Hero-1.png?w=580&amp;h=326&amp;crop=1" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="" />
<header class="entry-header">
<div class="entry-header__top">
<span class="posted-on">
<time class="entry-date published" datetime="2026-09-02T02:00:29-07:00">
SEP 2, 2026 </time>
</span>
</div>
<div class="entry-title">
<div>
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2026/09/02/ml-applications/organizational-second-brain-ai-learns-from-experts/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about An Organizational Second Brain: Building an AI That Learns From Experts">
An Organizational Second Brain: Building an AI That Learns From Experts </a>
</div>
</div>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div><!-- /.article-grid -->
<div class="article-grid col-12 col-md-4">
<article class="post post-22791 type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ai-research category-developer-tools category-ml-applications fb_content_type-article" id="post-24167">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Training-GEM-at-LLM-Scale-Hero.png?w=580&amp;h=326&amp;crop=1" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="" />
<header class="entry-header">
<div class="entry-header__top">
<span class="posted-on">
<time class="entry-date published" datetime="2026-08-03T11:00:17-07:00">
AUG 3, 2026 </time>
</span>
</div>
<div class="entry-title">
<div>
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2026/08/03/ml-applications/training-gem-at-llm-scale-meta-ads-recommendation-foundation-model/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about GEM Training: How Meta Doubled the Efficiency of Its LLM-Scale Ads Foundation Model">
GEM Training: How Meta Doubled the Efficiency of Its LLM-Scale Ads Foundation Model </a>
</div>
</div>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div><!-- /.article-grid -->
<div class="article-grid col-12 col-md-4">
<article class="post post-22791 type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ai-research category-developer-tools category-ml-applications fb_content_type-article" id="post-24251">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/image2_6a0f44.jpg?w=580&amp;h=326&amp;crop=1" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="" loading="lazy" title="image2_6a0f44" />
<header class="entry-header">
<div class="entry-header__top">
<span class="posted-on">
<time class="entry-date published" datetime="2026-07-15T10:00:52-07:00">
JUL 15, 2026 </time>
</span>
</div>
<div class="entry-title">
<div>
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2026/07/15/ai-research/exploring-hierarchical-interest-representation-for-meta-ads-deep-funnel-optimization/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about Exploring Hierarchical Interest Representation For Meta Ads Deep Funnel Optimization">
Exploring Hierarchical Interest Representation For Meta Ads Deep Funnel Optimization </a>
</div>
</div>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div><!-- /.article-grid -->
<div class="article-grid col-12 col-md-4">
<article class="post post-22791 type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ai-research category-developer-tools category-ml-applications fb_content_type-article" id="post-24128">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/10-Years-Meta-Python-HERO-large.png?w=580&amp;h=326&amp;crop=1" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="" loading="lazy" />
<header class="entry-header">
<div class="entry-header__top">
<span class="posted-on">
<time class="entry-date published" datetime="2026-06-30T09:00:46-07:00">
JUN 30, 2026 </time>
</span>
</div>
<div class="entry-title">
<div>
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2026/06/30/open-source/10-years-of-metas-commitment-to-python/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about 10 Years of Meta’s Commitment to Python">
10 Years of Meta’s Commitment to Python </a>
</div>
</div>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div><!-- /.article-grid -->
<div class="article-grid col-12 col-md-4">
<article class="post post-22791 type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ai-research category-developer-tools category-ml-applications fb_content_type-article" id="post-23617">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rrcclx-innovating-gpu-communications-amd-platforms-meta-HERO.png?w=580&amp;h=326&amp;crop=1" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="" loading="lazy" />
<header class="entry-header">
<div class="entry-header__top">
<span class="posted-on">
<time class="entry-date published" datetime="2026-02-24T13:30:54-08:00">
FEB 24, 2026 </time>
</span>
</div>
<div class="entry-title">
<div>
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2026/02/24/data-center-engineering/rrcclx-innovating-gpu-communications-amd-platforms-meta/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about RCCLX: Innovating GPU Communications on AMD Platforms">
RCCLX: Innovating GPU Communications on AMD Platforms </a>
</div>
</div>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div><!-- /.article-grid -->
<div class="article-grid col-12 col-md-4">
<article class="post post-22791 type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ai-research category-developer-tools category-ml-applications fb_content_type-article" id="post-23019">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/@Scale-Inference-Deployments-Cen-Xioadong-Jianyu.png.png?w=580&amp;h=326&amp;crop=1" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="" loading="lazy" />
<header class="entry-header">
<div class="entry-header__top">
<span class="posted-on">
<time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-10-17T09:00:50-07:00">
OCT 17, 2025 </time>
</span>
</div>
<div class="entry-title">
<div>
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/10/17/ai-research/scaling-llm-inference-innovations-tensor-parallelism-context-parallelism-expert-parallelism/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about Scaling LLM Inference: Innovations in Tensor Parallelism, Context Parallelism, and Expert Parallelism">
Scaling LLM Inference: Innovations in Tensor Parallelism, Context Parallelism, and Expert Parallelism </a>
</div>
</div>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div><!-- /.article-grid -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</div><!--/.article-grids -->
</div><!-- /.related-articles -->
<!-- include the carousel nav here. -->
</main><!-- #main -->
</div><!-- #primary -->
<!-- Do the right sidebar check. -->
<div class="col-md-4 widget-area" id="right-sidebar" role="complementary">
<aside id="fb_related_post_widget-4" class="widget widget_fb_related_post_widget"><h3 class="widget-title">Related Posts</h3><hr>
<div class="aside-related-projects"><div class="article-grid-redesign">
<article class="post-21393 post type-post status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry" id="post-21393">
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2024/06/24/data-infrastructure/leveraging-ai-for-efficient-incident-response/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about Leveraging AI for efficient incident response">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-203-Blue.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1" class="wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-203-Blue.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1 580w, https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-203-Blue.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1 326w" sizes="(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px" loading="lazy">
<header class="entry-header">
<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="Jun 24, 2024">Jun 24, 2024</time></span>
<h4 class="entry-title">Leveraging AI for efficient incident response</h4>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</a>
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div><div class="article-grid-redesign">
<article class="post-20720 post type-post status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry" id="post-20720">
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2023/10/24/data-infrastructure/automating-dead-code-cleanup/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about Automating dead code cleanup">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-201-Teale.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1" class="wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-201-Teale.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1 580w, https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-201-Teale.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1 326w" sizes="(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px" loading="lazy">
<header class="entry-header">
<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="Oct 24, 2023">Oct 24, 2023</time></span>
<h4 class="entry-title">Automating dead code cleanup</h4>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</a>
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div><div class="article-grid-redesign">
<article class="post-22095 post type-post status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry" id="post-22095">
<a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2024/12/19/developer-tools/glean-open-source-code-indexing/" rel="bookmark" aria-label="Read More about Indexing code at scale with Glean">
<img width="580" height="326" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-203-Teale-1.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1" class="wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-203-Teale-1.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1 580w, https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-DEBUGGING-203-Teale-1.jpg?w=580&#038;h=326&#038;crop=1 326w" sizes="(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px" loading="lazy">
<header class="entry-header">
<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="Dec 19, 2024">Dec 19, 2024</time></span>
<h4 class="entry-title">Indexing code at scale with Glean</h4>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
</a>
</article><!-- #post-## -->
</div></div></aside><aside id="wpb_widget-3" class="widget widget_wpb_widget"><h3 class="widget-title">Related Positions</h3><hr><ul class="available-positions-list"> </ul>
<a href="https://www.metacareers.com">
<div class="btn available-positions-btn">
See All Jobs </div>
</a>
</aside>
</div><!-- #secondary -->
<!-- <php get_template_part('content-single-side-bar'); ?> -->
<!-- Do the right sidebar check. -->
</div><!-- Container end -->
</div><!-- Wrapper end -->
</div>
<!-- ******************* The Footer Full-width Widget Area ******************* -->
<div class="wrapper wrapper-community-outer">
<div class="wrapper-community">
<div class="community" tabindex="-1">
<div class="row">
<!-- community section is generated through WordPress widget -->
<div id="wpb_widget-2" class="footer-widget widget_wpb_widget widget-count-3 col-md-4"><h3 class="widget-title">Available Positions</h3><hr><ul class="available-positions-list"> </ul>
<a href="https://www.metacareers.com">
<div class="btn available-positions-btn">
See All Jobs </div>
</a>
</div><!-- .footer-widget --><div id="custom_html-2" class="widget_text footer-widget widget_custom_html widget-count-3 col-md-4"><h3 class="widget-title">Technology at Meta</h3><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><ul class="stay-connected-lists">
<li class="stay-connected-item">
<img class="footer-fb-engineering stay-connected-item-left" src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/meta_logo.png" alt="footer-fb-engineering" loading="lazy" width="70" height="70">
<div class="stay-connected-item-right">
<div class="stay-connected-label">
Engineering at Meta - X
</div>
<a onclick='return twitterFollow("Meta_Engineers")'>
<button class="btn stay-connected-btn">
Follow
</button>
</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="stay-connected-item">
<img class="footer-fb-engineering stay-connected-item-left" src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/meta_logo.png" alt="footer-AI" loading="lazy" width="70" height="70">
<div class="stay-connected-item-right">
<div class="stay-connected-label">
AI at Meta
</div>
<a href="https://ai.meta.com/blog/">
<button class="btn stay-connected-btn">
Read
</button>
</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="stay-connected-item">
<img class="footer-fb-engineering stay-connected-item-left" src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/meta_logo.png" alt="footer-developers" loading="lazy" width="70" height="70">
<div class="stay-connected-item-right">
<div class="stay-connected-label">
Meta Quest Blog
</div>
<a href="https://www.meta.com/blog/quest/">
<button class="btn stay-connected-btn">
Read
</button>
</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="stay-connected-item">
<img class="footer-fb-engineering stay-connected-item-left" src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/meta_logo.png" alt="footer-developers" loading="lazy" width="70" height="70">
<div class="stay-connected-item-right">
<div class="stay-connected-label">
Meta for Developers
</div>
<a href="https://developers.facebook.com/">
<button class="btn stay-connected-btn">
Read
</button>
</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="stay-connected-item">
<img class="footer-fb-engineering stay-connected-item-left" src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/meta_logo.png" alt="footer-bug-bounty" loading="lazy" width="70" height="70">
<div class="stay-connected-item-right">
<div class="stay-connected-label">
Meta Bug Bounty
</div>
<a href="https://bugbounty.meta.com/">
<button class="btn stay-connected-btn">
Learn more
</button>
</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="stay-connected-item">
<img class="stay-connected-item-left" src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/rss.png" alt="footer-rss" loading="lazy" width="70" height="70">
<div class="stay-connected-item-right">
<div class="stay-connected-label">
RSS
</div>
<a href="https://code.facebook.com/posts/rss/">
<button class="btn stay-connected-btn">
Subscribe
</button>
</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div></div><!-- .footer-widget --><div id="custom_html-3" class="widget_text footer-widget widget_custom_html widget-count-3 col-md-4"><h3 class="widget-title">Open Source</h3><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><p class="opensource-desc">
Meta believes in building community through open source technology. Explore our latest projects in Artificial Intelligence, Data Infrastructure, Development Tools, Front End, Languages, Platforms, Security, Virtual Reality, and more.
</p>
<ul class="opensource-cats">
<li class="opensource-cat">
<img src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/android.png" alt="android" loading="lazy" width="50" height="59">
<div class="opensource-cap">
ANDROID
</div>
</li>
<li class="opensource-cat">
<img src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/ios.png" alt="ios" loading="lazy" width="48" height="58">
<div class="opensource-cap">
iOS
</div>
</li>
<li class="opensource-cat">
<img src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/web.png" alt="web" loading="lazy" width="55" height="49">
<div class="opensource-cap">
WEB
</div>
</li>
<li class="opensource-cat">
<img src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/backend.png" alt="backend" loading="lazy" width="56" height="51">
<div class="opensource-cap">
BACKEND
</div>
</li>
<li class="opensource-cat">
<img src="/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/hardware.png" alt="hardware" loading="lazy" width="55" height="44">
<div class="opensource-cap">
HARDWARE
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<button class="btn opensource-btn" onclick="window.location.href='https://opensource.fb.com/'">
Learn More
</button>
</div></div><!-- .footer-widget -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- #wrapper-footer-full -->
<div class="wrapper-footer" id="wrapper-footer">
<div class="inner-container">
<div class="footer">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<footer class="meta-footer" id="meta-footer">
<div class="site-info row justify-content-between">
<div class="col-md-5 meta-logo-container">
<a href="https://about.facebook.com/">
<img src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/img/meta_logo_full.svg" width="89" height="18" alt="Meta" />
</a>
<div id="text-2" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><p>Engineering at Meta is a technical news resource for engineers interested in how we solve large-scale technical challenges at Meta.</p>
</div>
</div> </div>
<div class="col-md-6 footer-meta-links-container">
<ul class="meta-footer-links">
<li class="footer-link"><a href="https://engineering.fb.com">Home</a></li><li class="footer-link"><a href="https://about.meta.com/">Company Info</a></li><li class="footer-link"><a href="https://www.metacareers.com/?ref=engineering.fb.com">Careers</a></li> </ul>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<footer class="site-footer" id="colophon">
<div class="inner-container">
<div class="site-info row justify-content-between">
<div class="col-md-4 copyright-container">
<div class="copyright"> © 2026 Meta</div>
</div>
<!-- static footer -->
<div class="col-md-7 footer-links-container">
<ul class="footer-links">
<li class="footer-link"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/policies">Terms</a></li><li class="footer-link"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/privacy/policy">Privacy</a></li><li class="footer-link"><a href="/privacy">Cookies</a></li><li class="footer-link"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/help">Help</a></li> </ul>
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- .site-info -->
</footer><!-- #colophon -->
</div><!--col end -->
</div><!-- row end -->
</div><!-- //.inner-container -->
</div><!-- wrapper end -->
</div><!-- #page we need this extra closing tag here -->
<script type="speculationrules">
{"prefetch":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["/wp-*.php","/wp-admin/*","/wp-content/uploads/*","/wp-content/*","/wp-content/plugins/*","/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/*","/wp-content/themes/understrap/*","/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prefetch, .no-prefetch a"}}]},"eagerness":"conservative"}]}
</script>
<div class="gdprconsent-container" id="GDPRConsentBar">
<div class="gdprconsent-wrapper">
<div class="gdprconsent-content">
<p>To help personalize content, tailor and measure ads and provide a safer experience, we use cookies. By clicking or navigating the site, you agree to allow our collection of information on and off Facebook through cookies. Learn more, including about available controls: <a href="/privacy">Cookie Policy</a></p>
<div class="gdprconsent-button">
<button type="button" data-gdpr-accept>Accept</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Twitter universal website tag code -->
<script>
if (window.gdprSafeTrack) {
window.gdprSafeTrack(function() {
!function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments);
},s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='//static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js',
a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script');
// Insert Twitter Pixel ID and Standard Event data below
twq('init','o31u0');
twq('track','PageView');
});
}
</script>
<!-- End Twitter universal website tag code -->
<script type="text/javascript">
window.WPCOM_sharing_counts = {"https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/06/developer-tools/diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta/":22791};
</script>
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-KZRLGZ8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=660742068067366&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/></noscript>
<script id="child-understrap-scripts-js-extra">
var loadmore_params = {"restfulURL":"https://engineering.fb.com/wp-json/fb/v1/loadmore","searchText":"","posts":"{\"page\":0,\"year\":2025,\"monthnum\":8,\"day\":6,\"name\":\"diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\",\"category_name\":\"developer-tools\",\"error\":\"\",\"m\":\"\",\"p\":0,\"post_parent\":\"\",\"subpost\":\"\",\"subpost_id\":\"\",\"attachment\":\"\",\"attachment_id\":0,\"pagename\":\"\",\"page_id\":0,\"second\":\"\",\"minute\":\"\",\"hour\":\"\",\"w\":0,\"tag\":\"\",\"cat\":\"\",\"tag_id\":\"\",\"author\":\"\",\"author_name\":\"\",\"feed\":\"\",\"tb\":\"\",\"paged\":0,\"meta_key\":\"\",\"meta_value\":\"\",\"preview\":\"\",\"s\":\"\",\"sentence\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"fields\":\"all\",\"menu_order\":\"\",\"embed\":\"\",\"category__in\":[],\"category__not_in\":[],\"category__and\":[],\"post__in\":[],\"post__not_in\":[],\"post_name__in\":[],\"tag__in\":[],\"tag__not_in\":[],\"tag__and\":[],\"tag_slug__in\":[],\"tag_slug__and\":[],\"post_parent__in\":[],\"post_parent__not_in\":[],\"author__in\":[],\"author__not_in\":[],\"search_columns\":[],\"ignore_sticky_posts\":false,\"suppress_filters\":false,\"cache_results\":true,\"update_post_term_cache\":true,\"update_menu_item_cache\":false,\"lazy_load_term_meta\":true,\"update_post_meta_cache\":true,\"post_type\":\"\",\"posts_per_page\":12,\"nopaging\":false,\"comments_per_page\":\"50\",\"no_found_rows\":false,\"order\":\"DESC\"}","current_page":"1","max_page":"0","post_type":"post"};
var search_params = {"ajaxurl":"https://engineering.fb.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","posts":"{\"page\":0,\"year\":2025,\"monthnum\":8,\"day\":6,\"name\":\"diff-risk-score-drs-ai-risk-aware-software-development-meta\",\"category_name\":\"developer-tools\",\"error\":\"\",\"m\":\"\",\"p\":0,\"post_parent\":\"\",\"subpost\":\"\",\"subpost_id\":\"\",\"attachment\":\"\",\"attachment_id\":0,\"pagename\":\"\",\"page_id\":0,\"second\":\"\",\"minute\":\"\",\"hour\":\"\",\"w\":0,\"tag\":\"\",\"cat\":\"\",\"tag_id\":\"\",\"author\":\"\",\"author_name\":\"\",\"feed\":\"\",\"tb\":\"\",\"paged\":0,\"meta_key\":\"\",\"meta_value\":\"\",\"preview\":\"\",\"s\":\"\",\"sentence\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"fields\":\"all\",\"menu_order\":\"\",\"embed\":\"\",\"category__in\":[],\"category__not_in\":[],\"category__and\":[],\"post__in\":[],\"post__not_in\":[],\"post_name__in\":[],\"tag__in\":[],\"tag__not_in\":[],\"tag__and\":[],\"tag_slug__in\":[],\"tag_slug__and\":[],\"post_parent__in\":[],\"post_parent__not_in\":[],\"author__in\":[],\"author__not_in\":[],\"search_columns\":[],\"ignore_sticky_posts\":false,\"suppress_filters\":false,\"cache_results\":true,\"update_post_term_cache\":true,\"update_menu_item_cache\":false,\"lazy_load_term_meta\":true,\"update_post_meta_cache\":true,\"post_type\":\"\",\"posts_per_page\":12,\"nopaging\":false,\"comments_per_page\":\"50\",\"no_found_rows\":false,\"order\":\"DESC\"}","current_page":"1","max_page":"0","article_filter":"2f23ad5ce3"};
var more_articles = {"next_article":{"label":"Next","permalink":"https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/11/security/federation-platform-privacy-waves-meta-distributes-compliance-tasks/","title":"Federation Platform and Privacy Waves: How Meta distributes compliance-related tasks at scale","thumbnail":["https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Eng-Blog-Self-Serve-Hero-Images-PRIVACY-103-Blue-x2.jpg?w=580&h=326&crop=1",580,326,true]},"prev_article":{"label":"Prev","permalink":"https://engineering.fb.com/2025/08/04/virtual-reality/building-a-human-computer-interface-for-everyone-meta-tech-podcast/","title":"Building a human-computer interface for everyone","thumbnail":["https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Meta-Tech-Podcast-episode-77-How-to-build-a-human-computer-interface-for-everyone.png?w=580&h=326&crop=1",580,326,true]}};
//# sourceURL=child-understrap-scripts-js-extra
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://engineering.fb.com/_static/??/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/dist/js/child-theme.min.js,/wp-content/themes/code-fb-com/js/prism.js?m=1783017802j" ></script><script id="sharing-js-js-extra">
var sharing_js_options = {"lang":"en","counts":"1","is_stats_active":""};
//# sourceURL=sharing-js-js-extra
</script>
<script id="sharing-js-js" src="https://engineering.fb.com/wp-content/mu-plugins/jetpack-16.1/_inc/build/sharedaddy/sharing.min.js?ver=16.1.3"></script>
<script id="sharing-js-js-after">
var windowOpen;
( function () {
function matches( el, sel ) {
return !! (
el.matches && el.matches( sel ) ||
el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel )
);
}
document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) {
if ( ! event.target ) {
return;
}
var el;
if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-facebook' ) ) {
el = event.target;
} else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-facebook' ) ) {
el = event.target.parentNode;
}
if ( el ) {
event.preventDefault();
// If there's another sharing window open, close it.
if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) {
windowOpen.close();
}
windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcomfacebook', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=600,height=400' );
return false;
}
} );
} )();
var windowOpen;
( function () {
function matches( el, sel ) {
return !! (
el.matches && el.matches( sel ) ||
el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel )
);
}
document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) {
if ( ! event.target ) {
return;
}
var el;
if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-threads' ) ) {
el = event.target;
} else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-threads' ) ) {
el = event.target.parentNode;
}
if ( el ) {
event.preventDefault();
// If there's another sharing window open, close it.
if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) {
windowOpen.close();
}
windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcomthreads', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=600,height=400' );
return false;
}
} );
} )();
var windowOpen;
( function () {
function matches( el, sel ) {
return !! (
el.matches && el.matches( sel ) ||
el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel )
);
}
document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) {
if ( ! event.target ) {
return;
}
var el;
if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-linkedin' ) ) {
el = event.target;
} else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-linkedin' ) ) {
el = event.target.parentNode;
}
if ( el ) {
event.preventDefault();
// If there's another sharing window open, close it.
if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) {
windowOpen.close();
}
windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcomlinkedin', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=580,height=450' );
return false;
}
} );
} )();
var windowOpen;
( function () {
function matches( el, sel ) {
return !! (
el.matches && el.matches( sel ) ||
el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel )
);
}
document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) {
if ( ! event.target ) {
return;
}
var el;
if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-x' ) ) {
el = event.target;
} else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-x' ) ) {
el = event.target.parentNode;
}
if ( el ) {
event.preventDefault();
// If there's another sharing window open, close it.
if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) {
windowOpen.close();
}
windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcomx', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=600,height=350' );
return false;
}
} );
} )();
var windowOpen;
( function () {
function matches( el, sel ) {
return !! (
el.matches && el.matches( sel ) ||
el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel )
);
}
document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) {
if ( ! event.target ) {
return;
}
var el;
if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-bluesky' ) ) {
el = event.target;
} else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-bluesky' ) ) {
el = event.target.parentNode;
}
if ( el ) {
event.preventDefault();
// If there's another sharing window open, close it.
if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) {
windowOpen.close();
}
windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcombluesky', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=600,height=400' );
return false;
}
} );
} )();
var windowOpen;
( function () {
function matches( el, sel ) {
return !! (
el.matches && el.matches( sel ) ||
el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel )
);
}
document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) {
if ( ! event.target ) {
return;
}
var el;
if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-mastodon' ) ) {
el = event.target;
} else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-mastodon' ) ) {
el = event.target.parentNode;
}
if ( el ) {
event.preventDefault();
// If there's another sharing window open, close it.
if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) {
windowOpen.close();
}
windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcommastodon', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=460,height=400' );
return false;
}
} );
} )();
//# sourceURL=sharing-js-js-after
</script>
<script id="video-analytics-js-after">
if (window.gdprSafeTrack) {
window.gdprSafeTrack(function() {
let youtube = document.querySelectorAll('[src*="youtube-nocookie"]');
for (let i = 0; i < youtube.length; i++) {
youtube[i].src = youtube[i].src.replace('youtube-nocookie.com', 'youtube.com');
}
let vimeo = document.querySelectorAll('[src*="vimeo"]');
for (let i = 0; i < vimeo.length; i++) {
vimeo[i].src = vimeo[i].src.replace('&dnt=true', '');
}
});
}
//# sourceURL=video-analytics-js-after
</script>
<script id="wp-emoji-settings" type="application/json">
{"baseUrl":"https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/72x72/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/svg/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https://engineering.fb.com/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=7.1"}}
</script>
<script type="module">
/*! This file is auto-generated */
var e="script#wp-emoji-settings",t=document.querySelector(e);if(!(t instanceof HTMLScriptElement))throw new Error("Element missing: "+e);const r=JSON.parse(t.text),s=(window._wpemojiSettings=r,"wpEmojiSettingsSupports"),o=["flag","emoji"];function i(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(s,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function c(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0);const r=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);return t.every((e,t)=>e===r[t])}function p(e,t){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var n=e.getImageData(16,16,1,1);for(let e=0;e<n.data.length;e++)if(0!==n.data[e])return!1;return!0}function u(e,t,n,r){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf6","\ud83c\udde8\u200b\ud83c\uddf6")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!r(e,"\ud83e\u1fac8")}return!1}function f(e,t,n,r){let a;const s=(a="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):document.createElement("canvas")).getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(s.textBaseline="top",s.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(e=>{o[e]=t(s,e,n,r)}),o}function a(e){var t=document.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,document.head.appendChild(t)}r.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},new Promise(t=>{let n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(s));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(o),u.toString(),c.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"});const a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=e=>{i(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}i(n=f(o,u,c,p))}t(n)}).then(e=>{for(const n in e)r.supports[n]=e[n],r.supports.everything=r.supports.everything&&r.supports[n],"flag"!==n&&(r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&r.supports[n]);var t;r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!r.supports.flag,r.supports.everything||((t=r.source||{}).concatemoji?a(t.concatemoji):t.wpemoji&&t.twemoji&&(a(t.twemoji),a(t.wpemoji)))});
//# sourceURL=https://engineering.fb.com/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-loader.min.js
</script>
</body>
</html>