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wiki/concepts/异步任务处理.md

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+---
+title: "异步任务处理"
+type: concept
+tags: [async, task-queue, django-q]
+sources: [tiktok-pm-python-django-project.md]
+last_updated: 2026-04-14
+---
+
+## Definition
+异步任务处理将耗时的操作（如API调用、数据导入）放到后台任务队列中执行，避免HTTP请求超时。
+
+## Implementation: Django-Q
+
+### Configuration
+```python
+Q_CLUSTER = {
+    'name': 'DjangORM',
+    'workers': 4,
+    'timeout': 360,
+    'retry': 120,
+    'queue_limit': 50,
+    'orm': 'default',
+}
+```
+
+### Task Function
+```python
+from django_q.tasks import async_task
+
+def trigger_bright_data_task(urls_list):
+    # 触发Bright Data API
+    job_id = trigger_bright_data_api(urls_list)
+    # 异步轮询结果
+    async_task('products.tasks.poll_bright_data_result', job_id)
+    return job_id
+
+def poll_bright_data_result(job_id):
+    # 轮询直到任务完成
+    while True:
+        status = check_job_status(job_id)
+        if status == 'completed':
+            download_and_import_data()
+            break
+        time.sleep(30)
+```
+
+### Worker
+启动后台worker处理异步任务：
+```bash
+docker compose exec web python manage.py qcluster
+```
+
+## Bright Data Integration
+- 触发异步任务获取job_id
+- 每30秒轮询任务状态
+- 任务完成后下载JSON数据并导入数据库
+
+## Connections
+- [[异步任务处理]] ← uses ← [[Django]]
+- [[异步任务处理]] ← calls ← [[Bright Data]]
+- [[异步任务处理]] ← runs_in ← [[Docker容器化部署]]