369 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
369 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
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#ubuntu #openclaw #install #uninstall
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```table-of-contents
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```
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## 环境概述
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- 系统：Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04
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- OpenClaw 安装方式：npm 用户本地全局安装openclaw & clawhub (注意不要用root user安装)
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```
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npm install -g openclaw clawhub
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```
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- 用户路径示例：
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```bash
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/home/shenwei/.npm-global/bin/openclaw
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```
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- 默认配置目录：
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```bash
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/home/shenwei/.openclaw
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```
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- 用户级 systemd 服务目录：
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```bash
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/home/shenwei/.config/systemd/user/openclaw-gateway.service
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```
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---
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## 卸载旧版本 OpenClaw
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1. **停止正在运行的进程 / 服务**
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```bash
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# 查找进程
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ps aux | grep openclaw
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# 如果有 systemd 用户服务
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systemctl --user stop openclaw
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systemctl --user disable openclaw
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```
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2. **卸载 npm 安装的 OpenClaw**
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```bash
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# 全局卸载
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sudo npm uninstall -g openclaw clawhub
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# 或者局部卸载
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npm uninstall openclaw clawhub
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```
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3. **删除用户配置目录**
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```bash
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rm -rf /home/shenwei/.openclaw # 普通用户
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sudo rm -rf /root/.openclaw # root 用户（如果曾用 sudo 运行）
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sudo rm -rf /opt/openclaw # 如果之前手动统一过目录
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```
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4. **清理残留 npm 包**
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```bash
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npm list -g --depth=0 | grep openclaw
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npm list -g --depth=0 | grep clawhub
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```
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如有残留再执行 `npm uninstall -g <package>`。
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---
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## 安装 OpenClaw
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### 方法 A：通过 npm 安装（推荐）
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```bash
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# 确保 npm 更新
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npm install -g npm
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# 全局安装 OpenClaw
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npm install -g openclaw clawhub
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```
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---
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## 配置 PATH，让 OpenClaw 在任意位置可执行
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1. 临时生效（仅当前终端）：
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```bash
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export PATH=$HOME/.npm-global/bin:$PATH
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```
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2. 永久生效（推荐）：
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- 编辑 shell 配置文件 `~/.bashrc` 或 `~/.zshrc`，添加：
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```bash
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export PATH=$HOME/.npm-global/bin:$PATH
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```
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- 刷新配置：
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```bash
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source ~/.bashrc # bash
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source ~/.zshrc # zsh
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```
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- 验证：
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```bash
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which openclaw
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openclaw --version
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```
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---
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## 用户级 systemd 服务管理（OpenClaw Gateway）
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安装 Gateway 后会生成服务文件：
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```bash
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/home/shenwei/.config/systemd/user/openclaw-gateway.service
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```
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``` bash
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[Unit]
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Description=OpenClaw Gateway (v2026.3.13)
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After=network-online.target
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Wants=network-online.target
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[Service]
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/node /home/shenwei/.npm-global/lib/node_modules/openclaw/dist/index.js gateway --port 18789
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Restart=always
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RestartSec=5
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TimeoutStopSec=30
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TimeoutStartSec=30
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SuccessExitStatus=0 143
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KillMode=control-group
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Environment=HOME=/home/shenwei
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Environment=TMPDIR=/tmp
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Environment=HTTP_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:10808
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Environment=HTTPS_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:10808
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Environment=PATH=/home/shenwei/.local/bin:/home/shenwei/.npm-global/bin:/home/shenwei/bin:/home/shenwei/.volta/bin:/home/shenwei/.asdf/shims:/home/shenwei/.bun/bin:/>
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Environment=OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT=18789
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Environment=OPENCLAW_SYSTEMD_UNIT=openclaw-gateway.service
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Environment="OPENCLAW_WINDOWS_TASK_NAME=OpenClaw Gateway"
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Environment=OPENCLAW_SERVICE_MARKER=openclaw
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Environment=OPENCLAW_SERVICE_KIND=gateway
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Environment=OPENCLAW_SERVICE_VERSION=2026.3.13
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[Install]
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WantedBy=default.target
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```
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查看日志
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```
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# 查看最近 50 行
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journalctl --user -u openclaw-gateway -n 50 --no-pager
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# 实时跟踪日志
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journalctl --user -u openclaw-gateway -f
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# 查看今天的所有日志
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journalctl --user -u openclaw-gateway --since today
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```
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### 常用管理命令
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| 操作 | 命令 |
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| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
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| 启动 Gateway | `systemctl --user start openclaw-gateway` |
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| 停止 Gateway | `systemctl --user stop openclaw-gateway` |
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| 重启 Gateway | `systemctl --user restart openclaw-gateway` |
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| 查看状态 | `systemctl --user status openclaw-gateway` |
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| 开机自启 | `systemctl --user enable openclaw-gateway` |
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| 取消开机自启 | `systemctl --user disable openclaw-gateway` |
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| 刷新 systemd 配置（修改 service 后） | `systemctl --user daemon-reload` |
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> ⚠️ 用户级服务不需要 sudo，安全且方便。
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---
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## 多用户环境与避免重复环境
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- OpenClaw 配置目录默认跟随 `$HOME`：
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|用户|配置目录|
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|---|---|
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|shenwei|`/home/shenwei/.openclaw`|
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|root|`/root/.openclaw`|
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- **原因**：Linux 用户隔离机制，不同用户运行 OpenClaw 会生成独立目录。
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- **注意**：
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- 不要用 root 启动 OpenClaw，避免权限混乱
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- 统一使用普通用户安装和运行
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- 可通过 `--workdir /opt/openclaw` 指定统一目录
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---
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## 常用命令总结
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| 命令 | 功能 |
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| --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------- |
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| `openclaw onboard` | 初始化新环境、设置工作目录 |
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| `openclaw --version` | 查看版本 |
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| `openclaw agent list` | 列出所有 agent |
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| `openclaw agent create --name <agent_name> --message "<description>"` | 创建新的 agent |
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| `openclaw agent delete <agent_name>` | 删除 agent |
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| `openclaw skill install <skill_name>` | 安装技能 |
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| `openclaw skill update <skill_name>` | 更新技能 |
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| `openclaw skill list` | 查看已安装技能 |
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| `openclaw memory list` | 查看记忆数据 |
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| `openclaw workspace list` | 查看工作空间 |
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| | |
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| | |
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---
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## 创建 Agent 与绑定 Telegram Bot
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1. **创建 agent**
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```
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openclaw agents add <agentname> --non-interactive --workspace /home/shenwei/.openclaw/workspace-agent-<agentname> --model MiniMax-M2.5
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```
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举例：
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```bash
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openclaw agents add yunce --non-interactive --workspace /home/shenwei/.openclaw/workspace-agent-yunce --model MiniMax-M2.5
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```
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2. **添加Telegram 账号**
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```
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# 添加 Telegram 账号
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account <账号名> --token <BotToken>
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```
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举例
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```
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account yunhan --token 8588117769:AAFxswhHgCdBor2EOa-2oChDpI-DADRt0tQ
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```
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3. **查看 agent 列表**
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```bash
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openclaw agents list
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```
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3. **绑定 Bot**
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```
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# 绑定 agent 到 Telegram 账号
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openclaw agents bind --agent <agent_id> --bind telegram:<account_name>
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```
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举例
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```
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openclaw agents bind --agent yunhan --bind telegram:yunhan
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```
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- 配置完成后重启 Gateway：
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```bash
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systemctl --user restart openclaw-gateway
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```
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- Telegram 多 Agent 建议：
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- 一个 bot → n8n 路由 → 多 agent
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- 避免每个 agent 都创建独立 bot（每个账号最多 20 个 bot）
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- 用命令或路径路由区分不同 agent 功能
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---
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## 删除Agent
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1. **删除 agent**
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```
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openclaw agents delete <agent_name> --force
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```
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2. **删除bot**
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```
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# 删除 Telegram 账号
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openclaw channels remove --channel telegram --account <account_name> --delete
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```
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## 注意事项与避免的坑
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1. **避免使用 root 运行**
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- root 会生成 `/root/.openclaw`，和普通用户环境冲突
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- 权限问题可能导致 agent 无法访问工作空间
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2. **避免重复 PATH 或多版本冲突**
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- 如果 npm 本地 bin 不在 PATH，会导致命令找不到
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- 如果 PATH 里还有旧版本系统全局安装路径，可能会调用错误版本
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3. **用户级 systemd 服务管理**
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- 修改 service 后必须执行 `systemctl --user daemon-reload`
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- 避免 sudo 启动服务，保证文件权限正确
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4. **Telegram Bot 限制**
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- 每个账号最多创建 20 个 bot（Premium 账号可能 40 个）
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- 多 agent 架构建议一个 bot → n8n → 多 agent 路由
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5. **统一工作目录**
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- 推荐 `/home/shenwei/.openclaw` 或 `/opt/openclaw`
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- 方便多服务器或多 agent 管理
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6. **升级和维护**
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- 升级前先备份 `.openclaw` 下的 workspace、skills、memory
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- 使用 npm 全局安装可直接 `npm install -g openclaw@latest`
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---
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### 参考架构示意
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```
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Telegram Bot
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↓
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n8n Router
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↓
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OpenClaw Agents
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├─ 星枢（调度）
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├─ 星曜（IT管家）
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├─ 星辉（个人助理）
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└─ 云瀚（监控）
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```
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### Bot & Agent 命名
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#### 星
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```
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account xingshu --token 8787024183:AAG1M5tfSHj6Z0gMv3vvCZel2FOIX-0x8ZI
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account xingyao --token 8414432613:AAG9hvKfILGSsbc1EMEZW1QVym9Quc5aHWk
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account xinghui --token 8709222939:AAEfvZrvvU5vZFsmacsR5nmpkJ2Jb5JgfRg
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```
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| 服务器 | 角色 | Bot Name | Bot Key | Agent Id | Telegram User ID |
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| ------- | --- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | -------- | ---------------- |
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| macmini | 星枢 | @shenwei_macmini_xingshu_bot | 8787024183:AAG1M5tfSHj6Z0gMv3vvCZel2FOIX-0x8ZI | main | 5038825565 |
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| macmini | 星曜 | @shenwei_macmini_xingyao_bot | 8414432613:AAG9hvKfILGSsbc1EMEZW1QVym9Quc5aHWk | xingyao | 5038825565 |
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| macmini | 星辉 | @shenwei_macmini_xinghui_bot | 8709222939:AAEfvZrvvU5vZFsmacsR5nmpkJ2Jb5JgfRg | xinghui | 5038825565 |
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| | | | | | |
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#### 云
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```
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account yunhan --token 8588117769:AAFxswhHgCdBor2EOa-2oChDpI-DADRt0tQ
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account yunce --token 8791231082:AAFKPfTPy3LshybWUJ0joBkz3Th3mwYQOnc
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account yunjiang --token 8727937702:AAGw3WGPI1j5rSD97wap6h9EGqVpDEMdjLU
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account yunzhi --token 8639619464:AAEI35Dnt-9PQ8y4Du_ToxVhwUBUa5kpLjU
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```
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| 服务器 | 角色 | Bot Name | Bot Key | Agent 名称 | Telegram User ID |
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| ------- | --- | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | -------- | ---------------- |
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| ubuntu2 | 云瀚 | @shenwei_ubuntu2_yunhan_bot | 8588117769:AAFxswhHgCdBor2EOa-2oChDpI-DADRt0tQ | yunhan | 5038825565 |
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| ubuntu2 | 云策 | @shenwei_ubuntu2_yunce_bot | 8791231082:AAFKPfTPy3LshybWUJ0joBkz3Th3mwYQOnc | yunce | 5038825565 |
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| ubuntu2 | 云匠 | @shenwei_ubuntu2_yunjiang_bot | 8727937702:AAGw3WGPI1j5rSD97wap6h9EGqVpDEMdjLU | yunjiang | 5038825565 |
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| ubuntu2 | 云织 | @shenwei_ubuntu2_yunzhi_bot | 8639619464:AAEI35Dnt-9PQ8y4Du_ToxVhwUBUa5kpLjU | yunzhi | 5038825565 |
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#### 风
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```
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account fengheng --token
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account fengchi --token
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openclaw channels add --channel telegram --account fengji --token
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```
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| 服务器 | 角色 | Bot Name | Bot Key | Agent 名称 | Telegram User ID |
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| ------- | --- | ----------------------------- | ------- | -------- | ---------------- |
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| ubuntu1 | 风衡 | @shenwei_ubuntu1_fengheng_bot | | fengheng | 5038825565 |
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| ubuntu1 | 风驰 | @shenwei_ubuntu1_fengchi_bot | | fengchi | 5038825565 |
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| ubuntu1 | 风纪 | @shenwei_ubuntu1_fengji_bot | | fengji | 5038825565 |
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