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nexus/wiki/concepts/Cultural-Ecology.md
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---
title: "Cultural Ecology"
type: concept
tags: ["anthropology", "ecology", "environment", "subsistence", "steward"]
last_updated: 2026-04-25
---
## Definition
文化生态学——研究**环境如何塑造文化**,以及**文化又如何反过来塑造和适应环境**的跨学科框架。强调物质条件(气候、地形、资源)对社会组织的约束作用,同时拒绝简单的地理/文化决定论。
## Core Framework
- **文化核心Cultural Core**:生计模式和与技术环境互动直接相关的社会制度
- **多线进化Multilinear Evolution**:不同环境可能独立产生相似的适应方案
- **生态系统**:人类群体与环境形成的动态适应系统,具有反馈回路
- **Pigs and People**Rappaport巴布亚新几内亚 Tsembaga 人的仪式性猪屠杀,是环境调节机制的文化表达
## Key Thinkers
- Julian Steward文化生态学创始人
- Roy Rappaport生态系统研究
- Marvin Harris文化唯物论
## Connections
- [[Anthropologist-Agent]] ← uses_framework ← [[Cultural-Ecology]]
- [[Functionalism]] ← related_to ← [[Cultural-Ecology]]
- [[Polanyi-Exchange]] ← influenced_by ← [[Cultural-Ecology]]