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---
title: "多Agent可靠性模式"
type: concept
tags: []
---
## Definition
多智能体系统中用于克服 LLM 不可靠性(幻觉、逻辑谬误、上下文漂移)的四大架构模式:层级结构、共识、 adversarial debate 和淘汰制。
## Four Patterns
### 1. 层级结构Hierarchy
- **角色**Planner规划器+ Worker工作者+ Validator验证器
- **依赖图强制协作**Worker 必须等待 Planner 分配任务且无法作弊Validator 会发现)
- **适用场景**:需要将上下文分开的复杂工作流程
### 2. 共识Consensus / Voting
- **机制**N 个 LLM 独立生成同一任务答案,取多数票
- **数学基础**3 个模型同时产生相同幻觉的概率 = 0.2³ = 0.8%(假设单模型幻觉率 20%
- **适用场景**:事实核查、分类任务
### 3. 对抗辩论Adversarial Debate
- **角色**Generator → Critic反对 → Judge裁决
- **机制**Truth survives the fight真理越辩越明
- **适用场景**:安全分析、代码审查、高风险内容审核
### 4. 淘汰制Knock-out
- **类比**SRE 中服务器是"cattle"(可替换)而非"pets"(独一无二)
- **机制**N 个 Agent 执行任务,最差者被淘汰;可选择用获胜者特征替换已淘汰者
- **适用场景**:迭代式 Agent 工程、开发调试
## Core Insight
> "Stop treating LLMs like magic chatbots. Start treating them like unreliable components in a distributed system."
## Related Concepts
- [[LLM不可靠性]]
- [[验证器模式]]
- [[共识投票]]
- [[AI拟人化谬误]]
## Sources
- [[Multi-Agent-System-Reliability.md]]