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---
title: "Social Identity Theory"
type: concept
tags: [social-psychology, group-psychology, tajfel]
sources: []
last_updated: 2026-04-20
---
# Social Identity Theory
## Aliases
- 社会认同理论
- Social Identity Approach
- SIT
## Summary
Henri Tajfel 和 John Turner 提出的社会心理学理论,解释个体如何通过群体成员身份形成自我概念,以及群体间偏见和歧视的心理根源。
## Core Concepts
### 社会认同Social Identity
个体自我概念的一部分,来源于群体成员身份:
- **内群体In-group**:个体所属并产生认同感的群体
- **外群体Out-group**:被感知为与内群体不同或对立的群体
### 心理机制
- **社会分类Social Categorization**:将世界分为群体类别
- **社会认同Social Identification**:接受群体规范并内化为自我概念
- **社会比较Social Comparison**:通过与外群体比较提升自尊
### 内群体偏差In-Group Bias
- 给予内群体成员更多资源或正面评价
- 倾向于以负面方式描述外群体
### 现实冲突理论Realistic Conflict Theory**
群体间偏见的另一机制:当群体间存在真实资源竞争时,偏见加剧。
## Applications
- [[Academic Psychologist Agent]] 理解群体动力学
- 分析群体情境中的角色行为
- 评估群体对个体决策的影响
## Connections
- [[Academic Psychologist Agent]] ← 分析框架 ← [[Social Identity Theory]]
- [[Henri Tajfel]] ← 创始人 ← [[Social Identity Theory]]
- [[Groupthink]] ← 相关概念 ← [[Social Identity Theory]]