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---
title: "Liminality"
type: concept
tags: ["anthropology", "ritual", "threshold", "communitas", "turner"]
last_updated: 2026-04-25
---
## Definition
阈限Liminality——仪式过程中参与者处于"之间"状态的阶段,从旧社会结构中分离但尚未整合进新状态,具有特殊的社会地位和无限可能性。
## Core Framework
- **van Gennep 三阶段**分离separation→ 阈限liminality→ 整合incorporation
- **Communitas**:阈限状态中产生的强烈平等主义和直接人际连接,超越正常社会等级和身份
- **社会转化**:阈限是社会结构暂时"溶解"的时刻,是文化创新和集体情感强化的关键时刻
- **阈限悖论**:参与者既被看做"无名"又具有神圣性,既无地位又被赋予特殊权力
## Key Thinkers
- Arnold van Gennep仪式三阶段提出者
- [[Victor-Turner]](阈限和 communitas 概念发展者)
## Connections
- [[Anthropologist-Agent]] ← uses_framework ← [[Liminality]]
- [[Symbolic-Anthropology]] ← provides_interpretive_tools ← [[Liminality]]
- [[Rites-of-Passage]] ← operates_in ← [[Liminality]]