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---
title: "Structuralism"
type: concept
tags: ["anthropology", "structuralism", "mythology", "binary-opposition", "levi-strauss"]
last_updated: 2026-04-25
---
## Definition
结构主义——通过识别文化系统中的深层**二元对立**binary oppositions结构来解释神话、亲属制度和社会分类的分析框架。由 Claude Levi-Strauss 创立。
## Core Framework
- **二元对立**:文化思维通过成对的概念组织(自然/文化、生/熟、男/女、洁净/污染)
- **变换Transformation**:同一深层结构通过不同变换产生表层差异(如不同文化的婚礼仪式)
- **神话素Mytheme**:神话的最小叙事单元,按邻接关系而非时间顺序组合
## Key Thinkers
- [[Claude-Levi-Strauss]](创始人)
- [[Mary-Douglas]](分类系统分析)
## Connections
- [[Anthropologist-Agent]] ← uses_framework ← [[Structuralism]]
- [[Symbolic-Anthropology]] ← related_to ← [[Structuralism]]
- [[Kinship-System]] ← analyzes ← [[Structuralism]]