nexus/wiki/entities/Drupal.md

title, type, tags, last_updated

title	type	tags	last_updated
Drupal	entity	cms php enterprise open-source	2026-05-01

Overview

Drupal is an open-source enterprise CMS/CMF written in PHP, known for its flexibility and scalability. Primary use cases: enterprise platforms, complex content models, government/digital transformation projects, multilingual sites.

Aliases

• Drupal CMS
• Drupal CMF

Key Characteristics

• Complex content modeling: Paragraphs, entity references, media library, field API, display modes
• Layout Builder: Per-node layouts, layout templates, custom section and component types
• Configuration in code: drush cim/cex (config import/export) — all config in YAML files
• Custom modules: PHP attributes (Drupal 10+), hook system, routing YAML, service container
• Twig templating: Template layer with preprocess hooks for data transformation
• Composer workflow: composer require, patches, version pinning, drush pm:security
• Multilingual: TMGMT translation module, language negotiation built-in

Drupal Coding Patterns

Custom Module Structure

my_module/
├── my_module.info.yml
├── my_module.module
├── my_module.routing.yml
├── my_module.services.yml
├── my_module.permissions.yml
├── my_module.links.menu.yml
└── src/
    ├── Controller/
    ├── Form/
    ├── Plugin/Block/
    └── EventSubscriber/

Custom Block Plugin (Drupal 10+ PHP Attributes)

#[Block(
  id: 'my_custom_block',
  admin_label: new TranslatableMarkup('My Custom Block'),
)]
class MyBlock extends BlockBase {
  public function build(): array {
    return [
      '#theme' => 'my_custom_block',
      '#attached' => ['library' => ['my_module/my-block']],
      '#cache' => ['max-age' => 3600],
    ];
  }
}

Hook Implementation

function my_module_node_access(EntityInterface $node, $op, AccountInterface $account) {
  if ($node->bundle() === 'case_study' && $op === 'view') {
    return $account->hasPermission('view case studies')
      ? AccessResult::allowed()->cachePerPermissions()
      : AccessResult::forbidden()->cachePerPermissions();
  }
  return AccessResult::neutral();
}

Connections

• CMSDeveloper uses Drupal as a primary CMS platform
• ContentModel-first applies to Drupal content modeling before theme code
• CodeOverConfiguration — Drupal config exported to YAML, not UI
• LayoutBuilder is a Drupal-specific flexible content building system
• TwigTemplating is Drupal's template engine

Sources

• engineering-cms-developer