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---
title: "Kraljic Matrix"
type: concept
tags: [supply-chain, procurement]
---
## Definition
Kraljic Matrix克拉夫基矩阵是一种供应商分类框架将采购项按供应风险和利润影响分为四类战略型Strategic、杠杆型Leverage、瓶颈型Bottleneck、常规型Routine
## Framework
### 四象限分类
| 类型 | 供应风险 | 利润影响 | 采购策略 |
|------|----------|----------|----------|
| **战略型** (Strategic) | 高 | 高 | 深度合作、伙伴关系、联合开发 |
| **杠杆型** (Leverage) | 低 | 高 | 竞争性招标、总量平衡、供应商替换 |
| **瓶颈型** (Bottleneck) | 高 | 低 | 寻找替代源、保持库存、关系维护 |
| **常规型** (Routine) | 低 | 低 | 简化流程、自动化采购、减少管理成本 |
## Application
- 用于制定品类级采购策略
- 指导供应商关系管理决策
- 识别需要重点管理的采购项
## Connections
- [[Supply Chain Strategist]] ← uses ← [[Kraljic Matrix]]
- [[ABC 分类法]] — 供应商分级管理,与 Kraljic Matrix 配合使用