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---
title: "混合搜索"
type: concept
tags: [vector-search, information-retrieval, hybrid]
date: 2026-04-16
---
## Definition
融合多种检索方法的搜索策略,通常结合:
1. **Dense Vector**(语义相似度):理解查询意图
2. **BM25**(关键词匹配):捕获精确术语
3. **RRF**Reciprocal Rank Fusion多结果集融合排序
## Why Hybrid Wins
- 纯向量搜索:同义词命中好,但精确术语漏检
- 纯 BM25精确术语好但无法捕捉语义泛化
- 混合两者互补RRF 融合排序
## Formula
RRF score for a document d:
```
RRF(d) = Σ 1/(k + rank_i(d))
```
其中 k 通常为 60rank_i 是第 i 种检索方法的排名。
## Connections
- [[memsearch]]:混合搜索的具体实现
- [[语义搜索]]:混合搜索的组成部分
- [[Personal-Knowledge-Base-RAG]]RAG 管道中可使用混合搜索