34 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
34 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Narrative Theory"
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type: concept
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tags: []
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sources: []
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last_updated: 2026-04-30
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---
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## Aliases
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- Narratology
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- 叙事学
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- Narrative Studies
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## Overview
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Narrative Theory（叙事学）是研究叙事的结构、机制、功能和认知的跨学科学术领域。起源于 Russian Formalism（俄罗斯形式主义），经 French Structuralism（法国结构主义）发展，在 Cognitive Narratology（认知叙事学）时代达到现代高峰。
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## Major Schools & Figures
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| School | Key Figure | Core Idea |
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|--------|-----------|-----------|
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| Russian Formalism | Shklovsky, Propp | Fabula/Sjuzhet, Defamiliarization |
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| French Structuralism | Barthes, Genette, Todorov | Narrative as language system |
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| Cognitive Narratology | Herman, Fludarnik | Mental models, situation models |
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| Post-Classical | Various | Contextual, cultural, ideological |
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## Key Distinctions
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- **Fabula vs. Sjuzhet**：事件序列（what happened）vs. 叙事呈现（how it is told）
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- **Story vs. Discourse**：同 Fabula/Sjuzhet
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- **Narrative Voice vs. Focalization**：谁在讲 vs. 谁在看
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- **Anachrony**：Analeptic（倒叙）/Proleptic（预叙）
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## In The Agency Context
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[[Academic Narratologist]] 的核心知识基础，综合运用以上所有框架为叙事问题提供精确诊断。
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